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An interbank network, also known as an ATM consortium or ATM network, is a computer network that enables ATM cards issued by a financial institution that is a member of the network to be used to perform ATM transactions through ATMs that belong to another member of the network.
However, the functions which may be performed at the network ATM vary. For example, special services, such as the purchase of mobile phone airtime, may be available to own-bank but not to network ATM cardholders. Furthermore, the network ATM owner may charge a fee for use of network cards (in addition to any fees imposed by the own-bank).
Interbank networks enable ATM cardholders to have access to ATMs of other banks that are members of the network when their own bank's ATM is unavailable. This is especially convenient for travelers traveling abroad, where multinational interbank networks, like Plus or Cirrus, are widely available.
Interbank networks also permit, through different means, the use of ATM cards at a point of sale through the use of a special EFTPOS terminal where ATM cards are treated as debit cards.
Major economy | Interbank network name | Real-time gross settlement payment system |
---|---|---|
Australia | Electronic Funds Transfer at Point Of Sale (EFTPOS) | Reserve Bank Information & Transfer System (RITS) |
Bangladesh | Bangladesh Electronic Funds Transfer Network (BEFTN), National Payment Switch Bangladesh (NPSB) | Bangladesh - Real Time Gross Settlement System (BD-RTGS) |
Canada | Interac | Large Value Transfer System (LVTS) |
China | China UnionPay | China National Advanced Payment System (CNAPS) |
France | Groupement des cartes bancaires CB | EBA Clearing (Euro1), Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross Settlement Express Transfer System (TARGET2) |
Germany | Girocard | EBA Clearing (Euro1), Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross Settlement Express Transfer System (TARGET2) |
Italy | Bancomat | EBA Clearing (Euro1), Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross Settlement Express Transfer System (TARGET2) |
India | National Financial Switch (NFS), Banks ATM Network and Customer Services (BANCS), Cashnet, CashTree, RuPay | Reserve Bank of India - Real Time Gross Settlement (RBI-RTGS) |
Nigeria | Interswitch | Nigeria Interbank Settlement System (NIBSS) |
Japan | Yucho | Bank of Japan Financial Network System (BOJ-NET) |
South Africa | SASWITCH (BankservAfrica) | South African Multiple Option Settlement (SAMOS) |
United Kingdom | LINK | Clearing House Automated Payment System (CHAPS) |
United States | Allpoint, New York Currency Exchange (NYCE), Pulse, STAR, MoneyPass | Clearing House Interbank Payments System (CHIPS), Fedwire |
The payment card industry (PCI) denotes the debit, credit, prepaid, e-purse, ATM, and POS cards and associated businesses. Major brands used by the above interbank networks list by asset value.
Card brand | Total assets (US$ billion)[ citation needed ] |
---|---|
China Union Pay | 208 |
American Express | 153 |
Discover Financial Services | 69 |
Visa International | 40 |
MasterCard Worldwide | 14 |
Japan Credit Bureau | 11 |
In Brazil, the major interbank network is the Banco24Horas network.
In the Caribbean, the major interbank network is the ATH network. Most banks issue dual ATH and MasterCard/Visa cards, using the ATH network for ATM transactions and MasterCard/Visa for EFTPOS transactions. Some banks (such as BanReservas) issue ATH-only cards which use the ATH network for both ATM and EFTPOS transactions.
In Germany Girocard interbank network provides debit card service connecting virtually all German ATMs and banks.
In Indonesia, there are a number of ATM networks. Transfers between accounts is also possible by using these networks, even to an account in a different network; all one needs is the Bank code of the destination bank and the account number.
There are many Electronic funds transfer interbank networks in Japan.
Inter-network banking funds transfer is case-by-case. Yucho is the only network that accepts cards from worldwide networks such as Cirrus and PLUS. [1]
BancNet (also spelled Bancnet) is a Philippine-based interbank network connecting the ATM networks of local and offshore banks, and the largest interbank network in the Philippines in terms of the number of member banks and annual transactions.
BancNet is also the exclusive gateway of China's UnionPay, allowing access to the nearly 1 billion ATM cardholders from the People's Republic of China. BancNet is allied with global payment brand JCB International. Through this alliance, JCB cardholders can now do cash advances at participating BancNet member ATMs nationwide. Bancnet interconnects with international card networks Diners Club, Discover Card, KFTC, MasterCard, and VISA
BancNet serves more than 41 million ATM cardholders of its 114 members and affiliates with over 12,000 ATMs and more than 5,000 POS terminals.
In 2008, ExpresNet outsourced its ATM operations to BancNet. On January 30, 2015, BancNet and MegaLink announced their merger and will retain itself as its brand.
Multibanco is the single unified interbank network in Portugal, that links the ATMs of all Portuguese banks. This network has existed since 1985 and is owned by SIBS (Sociedade Interbancária de Serviços). Multibanco is a fully integrated interbank network and offers many more services than those usually found in other countries' networks.
Multibanco also has a full-fledged EFTPOS network, the Multibanco Automatic Payment, and is also a provider of mobile phone and Internet banking services through the TeleMultibanco and MBNet services, respectively. It is also the provider of the Via Verde electronic toll collection service.
Launched under the brand name LankaPay in July 2013, the Common Card and Payment Switch (CCAPS) is the first phase of creating a more robust, efficient, and secure payment infrastructure for Sri Lanka. The Central Bank of Sri Lanka has since approved the CCAPS as Sri Lanka's "National Payment Switch". [2]
Due to the historically fragmented nature of banking in the United States, there have been a large number of small banks, which resulted in a number of different interbank networks being established, mostly along geographic lines. These started to consolidate from the mid 1980s, resulting in three major interbank networks which, by 2003, had over 70% of the volume in the United States: [3]
2003 saw the founding of two additional interbank ATM networks:
A debit card, also known as a check card or bank card, is a payment card that can be used in place of cash to make purchases. The card usually consists of the bank's name, a card number, the cardholder's name, and an expiration date, on either the front or the back. Many of the new cards now have a chip on them, which allows people to use their card by touch (contactless), or by inserting the card and keying in a PIN as with swiping the magnetic stripe. These are similar to a credit card, but unlike a credit card, the money for the purchase must be in the cardholder's bank account at the time of the purchase and is immediately transferred directly from that account to the merchant's account to pay for the purchase.
Electronic funds transfer at point of sale is an electronic payment system involving electronic funds transfers based on the use of payment cards, such as debit cards or credit cards, at payment terminals located at points of sale. EFTPOS technology was developed during the 1980s.
Mastercard Cirrus is a worldwide interbank network that provides cash to Mastercard cardholders. As a subsidiary of Mastercard Inc., it connects all Mastercard credit, debit, and prepaid cards, as well as ATM cards issued by various banks worldwide bearing the Mastercard / Maestro logo.
Visa Plus is a worldwide interbank network that provides cash to Visa cardholders. As a subsidiary of Visa Inc., it connects all Visa credit, debit and prepaid cards, as well as ATM cards issued by various banks worldwide bearing the Visa / Electron logo.
Visa Debit is a major brand of debit card issued by Visa in many countries around the world. Numerous banks and financial institutions issue Visa Debit cards to their customers for access to their bank accounts. In many countries the Visa Debit functionality is often incorporated on the same plastic card that allows access to ATM and any domestic networks like EFTPOS or Interac.
Expressnet is an interbank network connecting the ATM networks of seven major banks in the Philippines. It has the second-largest number of ATMs and the smallest number of customers and member banks. However, its strength among the interbank networks and the ubiquity of BPI ATMs have given birth to the Expressnet motto: "The Powerful Connection".
BancNet is a Philippine-based interbank network connecting the ATM networks of local and offshore banks, and the country's single interbank network in the Philippines in terms of the number of member banks and annual transactions. Due to its status as the country's single ATM switch operator, it is designated by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) as the country's national ATM network.
MegaLink is a Philippine-based developer of mobile and banking software as well as a service provider for banks, specifically for Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) networks and point of sale systems for banks. From its establishment in 1989 until 2015, it has pioneered in the interconnectivity of several banks in the country by being the first Interbank Network with different banks as its members.
The Express Payment System, more commonly known as the EPS, was the EFTPOS system originally of the ATM cards of Bank of the Philippine Islands and its subsidiaries, BPI Family Savings Bank and BPI Direct Savings Bank. Today, it is the EFTPOS system of the Expressnet interbank network in the Philippines. The system is the most popular EFTPOS system for ATM cardholders in the Philippines and is accepted nationwide. Rivals of the network include MegaLink's PayLink and the similarly named BancNet Payment System (BPS).
Payment cards are part of a payment system issued by financial institutions, such as a bank, to a customer that enables its owner to access the funds in the customer's designated bank accounts, or through a credit account and make payments by electronic transfer with a payment terminal and access automated teller machines (ATMs). Such cards are known by a variety of names, including bank cards, ATM cards, client cards, key cards or cash cards.
An ATM card is a dedicated payment card card issued by a financial institution which enables a customer to access their financial accounts via its and others' automated teller machines (ATMs) and, in some countries, to make approved point of purchase retail transactions. ATM cards are not credit cards or debit cards, however most credit and debit cards can also act as ATM cards and that is the most common way that banks issue cards since the 2010s.
Network for Electronic Transfers, colloquially known as NETS, is a Singaporean electronic payment service provider. Founded in 1986 by a consortium of local banks, it aims to establish the debit network and drive the adoption of electronic payments in Singapore. It is owned by DBS Bank, OCBC Bank and United Overseas Bank (UOB).
The Malaysian Electronic Payment System (MEPS) is an interbank network service provider in Malaysia. In August 2017, MEPS merged with Malaysian Electronic Clearing Corporation Sdn Bhd (MyClear) to form Payments Network Malaysia Sdn Bhd (PayNet).
ATM usage fees are the fees that many banks and interbank networks charge for the use of their automated teller machines (ATMs). In some cases, these fees are assessed solely for non-members of the bank; in other cases, they apply to all users. There is usually a higher fee for use of White-label ATMs rather than bank owned ATMs.
Multibanco is a Portuguese interbank network. It is the largest interbank network in Portugal owned and operated by SIBS , that links the ATMs of 27 banks in Portugal, totaling 12,700 machines as of December 2014. The bank members of Multibanco control the SIBS. Multibanco is a fully integrated interbank network. One of the most notable characteristics of Multibanco is the wide range of services that can be utilised through its machines.
The payment card industry (PCI) denotes the debit, credit, prepaid, e-purse, ATM, and POS cards and associated businesses.
The BancNet (BN) Point-Of-Sale System is a local PIN-based electronic funds transfer (EFTPOS) payments solution operated by BancNet on behalf of the member banks and China UnionPay (CUP). The BN point of sale (POS) System allows merchants to accept the automated teller machine (ATM) cards of any active BancNet member bank as payment for goods or services and obliges BN to settle the transaction as early as the following banking day through a direct deposit to a settlement account with any member bank. Acceptance of CUP cards is limited to SM Prime Holdings, Inc.'s Department Store, Supermarket, Hypermarket, Super Sale, Watson's, Sports Central, SM Appliance, Toy Kingdom, and select Surplus Stores.
girocard is an interbank network and debit card service connecting virtually all automated teller machines (ATMs) and banks. It is based on standards and agreements developed by the German Banking Industry Committee.
Debit Mastercard is a brand of debit cards provided by Mastercard. They use the same systems as standard Mastercard credit cards but they do not use a line of credit to the customer, instead relying on funds that the customer has in their bank account.
gh-link is GhIPSS’ interbank switching and processing system which interconnects financial institutions and systems of third party payment service providers. gh-link is a local electronic payment ecosystem based on the domestic ATM card with channels such as ATM, POS and Web.