| Isbrueckerichthys | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Siluriformes |
| Family: | Loricariidae |
| Subfamily: | Neoplecostominae |
| Genus: | Isbrueckerichthys Derijst, 1996 |
| Type species | |
| Hemipsilichthys duseni A. Miranda Ribeiro, 1907 | |
Isbrueckerichthys is a genus of armored catfishes which are endemic to Brazil.
Isbrueckerichthys was erected in 1996 for Pareiorhaphis duseni and Pareiorhaphis alipionis, which were transferred to the new genus. [1] I. epakmos was described in 2003. [1] I. calvus and I. saxicola were described in 2006. [2]
There are currently five recognized species in this genus: [3]
Three species of Isbrueckerichthys are thought to be endemic to the Ribeira de Iguape River basin: I. duseni from the upper reaches of that basin in Paraná State, I. alipionis from the Betari River, a tributary of rio Ribeira de Iguape, and I. epakmos from a tributary of the Juquiá River in São Paulo State. [2] [1] Both I. calvus and I. saxicola were collected in headwater streams of Tibagi River of the Paranapanema River basin in Paraná State of Brazil. I. saxicola is only known from the headwater of ribeirão Jacutinga, in low Tibagi River basin. I. calvus is only known from córrego Juruba and ribeirão Água dos Oito, affluents of the Taquara River of the Tibagi River basin. [2]
Isbrueckerichthys is composed of small- to medium-sized species up to 90.2 millimetres (3.55 in) SL. [2] These fish have a dorsal fin with one spine and seven branched rays, and a caudal peduncle ovoid in cross-section. [1]
Isbrueckerichthys alipionis is the only species in which the teeth of the dentary and premaxilla are without a lateral cusp. [2] I. epakmos is the only species in which mature males have a clump of hypertrophied odontodes only on the anterior portion of snout; in the other species, odontodes are also present on the lateral margins of the head. [2] The most distinctive features of I. epakmos are the anterior portion of head ornamented with a large and rugose soft fleshy area and the presence of a clump of hypertrophied odontodes located only on anterior portion of snout, usually short and thick, directed forward or slightly upward on adult males. [1] I. duseni has a short pectoral fin spine and a long caudal peduncle (over a third of the body length), while the remaining two species, I. calvus and I. saxicola, have long pectoral fin spines and a short caudal peduncle (about a quarter to less than a third of the body length). I saxicola exhibits minute abdominal platelets with much more than six odontodes, a plated area under the first three plates of the lateral line, an exposed portion of cleithrum bordering all the posterior margin of the opercular opening on lateral side of the body, and an exposed surface of supraoccipital flat or slightly convex. On the other hand, I. calvus has minute abdominal platelets with at most six odontodes, a nude area under the first three plates of the lateral line, an unexposed cleithrum, or when exposed, bordering just the superior portion of posterior margin of the opercular opening on lateral side of the body, and an exposed surface of supraoccipital strongly convex, with an area without odontodes at the center. [2]
Species of this genus are commonly found in small to medium headwater streams with clear, fast running, and well-oxygenated water, where the bottom is composed of rocks, boulders, and sometimes gravel. [2] They are not tolerant to polluted or not oxygenated waters. [2]
The holotype of I. epakmos is from the Verde River; it is a small stream with clear water and moderate to strong current, with loose stones and, in some places, sand on the bottom. [1]
The type locality of I. saxicola is a small creek located near the urban area of Londrina city, flowing through a landscape of mixed open fields and riparian vegetation, sometimes with a very degraded margin. Grass or other vegetation is usually present on the margins. The stream bottom is rocky, with small to medium-sized rocks, loose stones and gravel; sometimes with sand and mud on the small pools bottom. The water is clear to turbid and moderate to strong flowing. The fishes are usually found on the bottom among rocks and stones. [2]
The type locality where some specimens of I calvus were collected is a small creek of rural region, flowing through a landscape of mixed open field, riparian vegetation and forest, sometimes with a very degraded margin. Like in the habitat of I. saxicola, vegetation is usually present on the margins, and the stream bottom is similar. The fishes were usually found along the bottom among rocks and stones, just under small waterfalls. [2]
Hypostomus is a genus of catfish in the family Loricariidae. They are native to tropical and subtropical South America. H. plecostomus is the popular freshwater aquarium fish formerly known as Plecostomus plecostomus. The taxonomic structure of the Loricariidae is still being expanded by scientists. Hypostomus is a highly species-rich and widely distributed catfish genus.
Acanthicus is a genus of large, South American suckermouth armored catfishes native to the Amazon and Orinoco basins, and possibly in Guyana. The name Acanthicus is derived from the Greek, akanthikos meaning thorny, spiny. Fish of this genus are known as lyre-tail plecos. These species are found in large rivers, primarily in areas with a rocky bottom and a moderate or strong current.
Harttia is a genus of armored catfishes native to South America.
Pareiorhaphis is a genus of catfish in the family Loricariidae native to South America. This genus can be readily distinguished from other neoplecostomines by the unique combination of having fleshy lobes on lateral margins of head ornamented with hypertrophied odontodes on nuptial males, caudal peduncle ovoid in cross section, abdomen usually naked, dorsal fin spinelet ovoid and adipose fin usually present. The color pattern is usually dark brown and mottled with the abdomen white. Most species in to Pareiorhaphis were originally described in Hemipsilichthys. In 1918, Alípio de Miranda-Ribeiro proposed the new genus Pareiorhaphis. Whether Pareiorhaphis is monophyletic or not is currently unknown.
Eurycheilichthys is a small genus of armored catfishes native to South America.
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Isbrueckerichthys alipionis is a species of armored catfish endemic to Brazil where it occurs in the Ribeira de Iguape River basin. This species grows to a length of 8.15 centimetres (3.21 in) SL.
Isbrueckerichthys duseni is a species of armored catfish endemic to Brazil where it occurs in the Ribeira de Iguape River basin. This species grows to a length of 9.88 centimetres (3.89 in) SL.
The Ribeira de Iguape River, or simply the Ribeira River, is a river of Paraná and São Paulo states in southeastern Brazil. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Iguape. The river is home to several endemic species of fish. So far no dams have been built on the river, although four have been proposed. Although it flows through a relatively sparsely populated region with untouched areas of Atlantic Forest, the river has been contaminated with heavy metals from mining beyond the point where it is considered safe to eat the molluscs found in the river and its estuary.
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Squalius malacitanus, commonly known as the Málaga chub, is a species of freshwater fish in the carp family Cyprinidae. It was first isolated from the Guadalmina River in Málaga, hence its name. It is considered a vulnerable species. S. malacitanus differs from its cogenerate species by having 7–8 branched rays in its dorsal fin, 8 branched rays in the anal lateral line; the number of scale rows above its lateral line; possessing 3 scale rows below its lateral line; 38 vertebrae, 21 abdominal, and 17 caudal; large fourth and fifth infraorbital bones; maxilla without a pointed anterior process; the middle of its frontal bone being narrow, as well as its neurocranium bone; the lower branch of its pharyngeal bone is rather long; and the shortness of the inferior lamina of its urohyal bone.
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