| Isopisthus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Isopisthus parvipinnis | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Acanthuriformes |
| Family: | Sciaenidae |
| Genus: | Isopisthus Gill, 1862 |
| Type species | |
| Ancylodon parvipinnis | |
Isopisthus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans.
Isopisthus Was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1862 by the American biologist Theodore Gill with Ancylodon parvipinnis, originally described by Georges Cuvier in 1830 with its type locality given as Cayenne, designated as its type species. [1] [2] This genus has been placed in the subfamily Cynoscioninae by some workers, [3] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sciaenidae which it places in the order Acanthuriformes. [4]
Isopisthus is a combination of isos, meaning "equal", and opisthen, which means "behind", an allusion to the soft-rayed part of the dorsal fin and anal fin of the bigtooth corvina being almost equal in length. [5]
Isopisthus has 2 extant species classified within it: [6]
An extinct species was described in 2016 from the Río Banano Formation of Costa Rica: [7]
Isopisthus species have an elongated and highly compressed body. They have large eyes and an oblique mouth which has the lower jaw clearly protruding. There are no barbels or pores on the chin. The upper jaw has a pair of robust, curved cacine-like teeth at its tip. The margin of the preoperculum has small serrations and the upper angle of the [[Operculum (fish{|operculum]] is incised. The dorsal fin is divided in two separate parts, with a gap between each part. The anal fin is supported by 2 short spines and between 16 and 20 soft rays. The scales are cycloid and the soft-rayed part of the dorsal fin and the anal fin are scaled. The lateral line reaches the centre of the caudal fin. [8] The bigtooth corvina has a maximum published total length of 41.6 cm (16.4 in), while that of the silver weakfish is 36 cm (14 in)> [6]
Isopisthus is found in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific. The bigtooth corvina occurs in shallow inshore waters over sandy mud or soft mud substrates from Costa Rica to southern Brazil. [9] The silver weakfish is found in inshore waters and outer estuarine areas from Baja California and the Gulf of California to Peru. [10]
Isopithus fishes are caught by fisheries. The silver weakfish is targeted by commercial and artesinal fisheries and has shown declines in the amount landed and the size of the fishes landed but it is still a common species with a wide range and is classified as Least Conccern by the IUCN. [11] The bigtooth corvina is not targeted by fisheries but is caught as bycatch in shrimp trawl fisheries, although it is not of great commercial value and the catch is mainly used as bait. This species is also classified as Least Concern. [12]
Bairdiella chrysoura, the American silver perch, silver croaker or goldtail croaker, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is widespread along the eastern cost of North America and is commonly caught by inshore anglers in search of larger species. This fish is common up to 20 cm (7.9 in), but can be found uncommonly to 30 cm (12 in).
Micropogonias is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the eastern Pacific and western Atlantic Oceans.
The striped croaker, also known as the St Lucian corvina, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the western Atlantic Ocean in the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico.
Cilus, is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the croakers and drums. Its only species is Cilus gilberti, the corvina or corvina drum, which is found mostly tropical to temperate coastal waters of the southeastern Pacific along Central and South America. The corvina is highly prized in South America as a food fish.
Cynoscion is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family, Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found off the coasts of North and South America in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans. Many fishes in this genus have been given the common name weakfish.
Cynoscion arenarius, sand seatrout, sand weakfish or white trout, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean. It is closely related to the common weakfish and may be a subspecies of C. regalis.
Nebris is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. There are two species in the genus, one in the Western Atlantic Ocean and one in the Eastern Pacific Ocean.
Johnius amblycephalus, the bearded croaker, also known as the green-backed croaker or sharp-nosed jewfish, is a marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Atractoscion is a genus of marine ray-finned fished belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The fishes in this genus are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Lonchurus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic.
Odontoscion dentex, the reef croaker or brown large-eyed croaker, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is found in coral and rocky reefs of the tropical Western Atlantic, living as solitary individuals or in small groups at a depth of 1 to 30 m. This species feeds on small fish, shrimp, and larvae.
The prickly croaker is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The species is found in the Indo-West Pacific around southeast Asia. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Aspericorvina.
The geelbeck croaker, also known as the African weakfish or Cape salmon, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the southwestern Indian Ocean off southeastern Africa.
Atractoscion atelodus, the small lunate caudal fin croaker, teraglin, Jew, teraglin-Jew, trag or trag-Jew, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is endemic to the eastern coast of Australia.
Johnius dussumieri, the sin croaker, Dussumier's croaker, Dussumier's silver jewfish, sharptooth hammer croaker or whiskered croaker, is a marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indian Ocean.
The kathala croaker is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the Indian Ocean off South Asia. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Kathala.
Larimus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the croakers and drums. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans.
Macrodon is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the eastern Pacific and western Atlantic Oceans.
Odontoscion is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the croakers and drums. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans.
The half-mourning croaker is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Paranibea. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific region.