It Came from Outer Space

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It Came from Outer Space
Itcamefromouterspace.jpg
Theatrical release poster
by Joseph Smith
Directed by Jack Arnold
Screenplay by Harry Essex
Story by Ray Bradbury
Produced by William Alland
Starring Richard Carlson
Barbara Rush
Cinematography Clifford Stine
Edited by Paul Weatherwax
Music byJoseph Gershenson (supervision)
Uncredited:
Irving Gertz
Henry Mancini
Herman Stein
Color process Black-and-white
Production
company
Universal Pictures
Distributed by Universal-International
Release date
  • June 5, 1953 (1953-06-05)
Running time
80 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$800,000
Box office$1.6 million (rentals)

It Came from Outer Space is a 1953 American science fiction horror film, the first in the 3D process from Universal-International. [1] It was produced by William Alland and directed by Jack Arnold. The film stars Richard Carlson and Barbara Rush, and features Charles Drake, Joe Sawyer, and Russell Johnson. The script is based on Ray Bradbury's original film treatment "The Meteor" and not, as sometimes claimed, a published short story. [2]

Contents

It Came from Outer Space tells the story of an amateur astronomer and his fiancée who are stargazing in the desert when a large fiery object crashes to Earth. At the crash site, he discovers a round alien spaceship just before it is completely buried by a landslide. When he tells the local sheriff and newspaper editor what he saw, he is branded a crackpot. Before long, odd things begin to happen, and the disbelief turns hostile.

Plot

Author and amateur astronomer John Putnam and schoolteacher Ellen Fields watch a large meteorite crash near the small town of Sand Rock, Arizona. They awaken a neighbor, who has a helicopter, and all three fly to the crash site. Putnam climbs down into the crater and notices a partially buried round object in the crater's pit. He comes to the realization, after he sees a six-sided hatchway close, that this isn't a meteorite but a large alien spaceship. The hatchway's noise starts a landslide that completely buries the craft. Putnam's story is later scoffed at by Sand Rock's sheriff and the local news media.

Even Ellen Fields is unsure about what to believe but still agrees to assist Putnam in his investigation. Over the next several days, local people disappear; a few return, but they act distant or appear somewhat dazed and not their usual selves. Convinced by these and other odd events, Sheriff Warren comes to believe Putnam's story that the meteorite is actually a crashed spaceship with alien inhabitants; he then organizes a posse to hunt down the invaders at their crash site. Putnam, however, hopes to reach a peaceful solution to the looming crisis. Alone, he enters a nearby abandoned mine, which he hopes will eventually connect to the now buried spaceship and its alien occupants.

Putnam finally discovers the spaceship and learns from the alien leader that they crashed on Earth by accident; the aliens appear benign and only plan to stay on Earth just long enough to repair their damaged craft and then continue on their voyage. The aliens' real appearance, when finally revealed to Putnam, is entirely non-human: they are large, single-eyed, almost jellyfish-like beings that seem to glide across the ground, leaving a glistening trail that soon vanishes. They are also able to shape shift into human form in order to appear human and move around Sand Rock, unobserved, in order to collect their much needed repair materials. To do this, they copy the human forms of the local townspeople that they have abducted. In doing so, however, they fail to reproduce the townspeople's exact personalities, leading to suspicion and eventually to the deaths of two of the aliens.

Now that they have been discovered, the aliens have decided to destroy themselves and their spaceship. Putnam reasons with them at length and convinces the alien leader to instead finish the repairs while he, as a sign of the aliens' good faith, takes the captives outside to the sheriff. To protect the aliens from the sheriff and his advancing posse, Putnam manages to seal off the mine in order to give them the time they still need to finish their spaceship repairs.

Shortly afterwards the alien spaceship finally leaves Earth. Putnam's fiancée Ellen asks him if they are gone for good. He responds "No, just for now. It wasn't the right time for us to meet. But there will be other nights, other stars for us to watch. They'll be back".

Cast

Trailer

Production

Drive-in advertisement from 1953. Baseline Drive-in Ad - 3 June 1953, Highland, CA.jpg
Drive-in advertisement from 1953.

The screenplay by Harry Essex, with input by Jack Arnold, was derived from an original and lengthy screen treatment by Ray Bradbury; screen legend says that Bradbury wrote the screenplay and Harry Essex merely changed the dialogue and took the credit. [4] Unusual among science fiction films of the era, the alien "invaders" were portrayed by Bradbury as creatures stranded on Earth and without malicious intent toward humanity. Bradbury said "I wanted to treat the invaders as beings who were not dangerous, and that was very unusual." He offered two story outlines to the studio, one with malicious aliens, the other with benign aliens. "The studio picked the right concept, and I stayed on." [5] In 2004 Bradbury published in one volume all four versions of his screen treatment for It Came From Outer Space . [6]

Filming took place on location in and around the California towns of Palmdale, Victorville, and the Mojave Desert, [2] as well as on Universal's sound stages.

The film's uncredited music score was composed by Irving Gertz, Henry Mancini, and Herman Stein. [7]

Universal's make-up department submitted two alien designs to studio executives for consideration; the rejected design was saved and later used as the "Metaluna Mutant" in Universal's 1955 science fiction film This Island Earth . [7]

The fiery special effects created for the crashing alien spacecraft consisted of a wire-mounted iron ball with dorsal fin, which had hollowed out "windows" all around for the burning magnesium inside. [7]

The Arizona setting and the alien abduction of a telephone lineman and two other characters are fictionalized story elements taken from Bradbury's younger life when his father moved the family to Tucson, where he worked as a telephone lineman. [4]

Urban legend has it that an extra in an Army staff sergeant's uniform seen at the "meteor" crash site is comedy writer-performer Morey Amsterdam. [7] While the briefly glimpsed extra does indeed resemble Amsterdam, no hard evidence (e.g., cast call bureau records, interviews with Amsterdam) has ever confirmed this is actually him. The most recent DVD re-release of It Came from Outer Space comes with a documentary, The Universe According to Universal. It was written and directed by David J. Skal and has audio commentary by Tom Weaver, in which Weaver notes the extra's resemblance to Morey Amsterdam.

Reception

It Came from Outer Space was released in June 1953; [7] by the end of the year it had accrued US$1.6 million in distributors' US and Canadian rentals, [8] making it the year's 75th biggest earner. [9] [Note 1]

Barbara Rush won the Golden Globe award in 1954 as most promising female newcomer for her role in the film. [7]

The film was nominated for AFI's Top 10 Science Fiction Films list. [10]

Patricia Bosworth, writing in 1992, counted It Came from Outer Space as one of a number of '50s Hollywood anti-Communist propaganda films in which "aliens from outer space serve as metaphors for the Soviet menace". [11] Bosworth's inclusion of the Korean War-era film as anti-Communist propaganda is at odds with both The American Film Institute and story author Ray Bradbury, who stated, "I wanted to treat the invaders as beings who were not dangerous, and that was very unusual". No Earthlings are killed or injured in the film by the aliens. If they were intended to be stand-ins for the Soviet Union/Communists, as Bosworth professes, their presence in an Arizona town is antithetical to how Communist surrogates were portrayed in Hollywood science fiction films during the Cold War. Bosworth blames her father's 1959 suicide on his being targeted by the Hollywood Blacklist; her father, defense lawyer Bartley Crum, died of an alcohol and barbiturate overdose. [12]

Reviews

Film reviewer "Brog" in Variety wrote that "Direction by Jack Arnold whips up an air of suspense in putting the Harry Essex screenplay on film, and there is considerable atmosphere of reality created, which stands up well enough if the logic of it all is not examined too closely ... [the] story proves to be good science-fiction for the legion of film fans who like scare entertainment well done". [13] On the other hand, The New York Times review by A. H. Weiler noted "the adventure ... is merely mildly diverting, not stupendous. The space ship and its improbable crew, which keep the citizens of Sand Rock, Ariz., befuddled and terrified, should have the same effect on customers who are passionately devoted to king-sized flying saucers and gremlins". [14]

Since its original release, the critical response to It Came from Outer Space has evolved, becoming mostly positive. Critic and genre historian Bill Warren has written that "Arnold's vigorous direction and Bradbury's intriguing ideas meld to produce a genuine classic in its limited field". [7] Jonathan Rosenbaum described the film as "[A] scary black-and-white SF effort from 1953". [15] Phil Hardy's The Aurum Film Encyclopedia: Science Fiction observed "Dark desert roads and sudden moments of fear underline Arnold's ability as a director of Science Fiction films, and Essex's/Bradbury's lines match his images superbly". [16] Of the reviews included on Rotten Tomatoes regarding It Came from Outer Space, 79% of critics liked the film. [17] One of the negative reviews, from FilmCritic.com, states that the film "moves terribly slowly (despite an 80 minute running time) because the plot is overly simplistic with absolutely no surprises". [18]

Home media

Universal Studios digitally restored It Came From Outer Space, and in October 2016 released it on Blu-ray. The film is presented in its original 3D with three-track stereophonic sound. Also included is a non-3D "flat" version in mono sound and the 3D and flat theatrical release trailers. Rounding out the Blu-ray package is a documentary on Universal's 3D films and a "making of" voice-over commentary track.

Sequel

A made-for-TV sequel entitled It Came from Outer Space II was released in 1996, starring Brian Kerwin, Elizabeth Peña, Jonathan Carrasco, Adrian Sparks, Bill McKinney, Dean Norris, Lauren Tewes, Mickey Jones and Howard Morris. Written by Jim and Ken Wheat, it was directed by Roger Duchowny, and was his final work before retiring. The story is essentially a remake of the first film, with former small town resident Jack Putnam (Kerwin) returning and witnessing an alien craft landing. Strange things then begin to happen, with his neighbors behaving oddly and the power going off and on.

Writing for The Radio Times , Alan Jones gave the film one star out of five and called it a "lacklustre update" which was "proof positive that 40 years of technical advances can't compensate for poor production values, boring characters and a complete lack of thrills." He summarised: "File this under 'don't bother'." [19] Leonard Maltin called the original "intriguing" and "remarkably sober for its era, with crisp performances and real restraint, even in its use of 3-D" and the 1996 effort "a much inferior remake, rather than the sequel the title suggests". [20] In the New York Daily News , David Bianculli wrote that "the fact that this is a remake not a sequel, yet carries the suffix II anyway, is a clue about how clearly the makers of this new version were thinking when they made it. In other words, not very." [21]

See also

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References

Informational notes

  1. ↑ "Rentals" refers to the distributor/studio's share of the box office gross, which, according to Gebert, is roughly half of the money generated by ticket sales. [9]

Citations

  1. ↑ Arnold, Jack (1953-05-25), It Came from Outer Space, archived from the original on 2016-05-05, retrieved 2016-05-03
  2. 1 2 Stafford, Jeff. "Articles: 'It Came from Outer Space'." Archived 2013-10-22 at the Wayback Machine Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved: January 10, 2015.
  3. ↑ It Came from Outer Space at the American Film Institute Catalog
  4. 1 2 It Came From Outer Space DVD Commentary by film historian Tom Weaver
  5. ↑ Weller 2005, p. 60.
  6. ↑ Bradbury, 2004 (Gauntlet Press).
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Warren 1982 [ page needed ]
  8. ↑ "The Top Box Office Hits of 1953", Variety , January 13, 1954
  9. 1 2 Gebert 1996 [ page needed ]
  10. ↑ "10 Greatest Science Fiction Films: The 50 Nominees." Archived 2011-11-12 at the Wayback Machine AFI. Retrieved: January 10, 2015.
  11. ↑ Bosworth, Patricia. "Daughter of a blacklist that killed a father." Archived 2017-09-18 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times , September 27, 1992. Retrieved: August 17, 2015.
  12. ↑ "Defender of the Hollywood 10". Newsweek . 1997-05-05. Archived from the original on 2018-11-21. Retrieved 2017-09-17.
  13. ↑ Willis 1985 [ page needed ]
  14. ↑ Weiler, A.H (A.W.). "It Came From Outer Space (1953) Look Out! The Space Boys Are Loose Again." Archived 2022-09-10 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times, June 15, 1953.
  15. ↑ Rosenbaum, Jonathan. "'It Came From Outer Space' capsule review." Archived 2022-09-10 at the Wayback Machine jonathanrosenbaum.net. Retrieved: January 10, 2015.
  16. ↑ Hardy, Phil (editor). The Aurum Film Encyclopedia: Science Fiction, Aurum Press, 1984. Reprinted as The Overlook Film Encyclopedia: Science Fiction, Overlook Press, 1995, ISBN   0-87951-626-7 p. 139.
  17. ↑ "'It Came From Outer Space' (1953)." Archived 2020-03-05 at the Wayback Machine Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved: December 3, 2021.
  18. ↑ Null, Christopher. "'It Came From Outer Space'." Archived 2008-12-05 at the Wayback Machine FilmCritic.com. Retrieved: January 10, 2015.
  19. ↑ Alan Jones. "It Came from Outer Space II". The Radio Times. Archived from the original on 29 December 2017. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
  20. ↑ Leonard Maltin. "It Came from Outer Space". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on 29 December 2017. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
  21. ↑ Weaver, Tom; Schecter, David; Kiss, Robert J; Kronenberg, Steve (2017). Universal Terrors, 1951–1955: Eight Classic Horror and Science Fiction Films. McFarland. p. 143. ISBN   9780786436149.
  22. ↑ Coffelt, Kenneth. "Schlock! The Secret History of American Movies." Archived 2012-05-02 at the Wayback Machine Kennelco Film Diary. Retrieved: January 10, 2015.

Bibliography

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