| Jamaican pewee | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Tyrannidae |
| Genus: | Contopus |
| Species: | C. pallidus |
| Binomial name | |
| Contopus pallidus (Gosse, 1847) | |
 | |
The Jamaican pewee (Contopus pallidus) is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is endemic to Jamaica. It was formerly regarded as a subspecies of the Greater Antillean pewee (C. caribaeus).
Contopus pallidus was first described by Philip Henry Gosse in 1847. It belongs to the family Tyrannidae. [2] This species used to be seen as conspecific with the Cuban pewee and the Hispaniola pewee, meaning that all three birds were once classified as the same species. [3]
The Jamaican Pewee measures 15 cm (5.9in) from bill to tail and weighs 9-9.5g. [4] It has proportionately short wings and long tail with a round body and large head. They also say that the bill is relatively large with the bottom of the bill being orange. [5] The top of the Jamaican pewee is dark-olive toned, while the wings and tail become darker and the stomach is paler. [3] While the male and female birds look similar, the younger birds are grayer on the top and paler on the stomach and beak than the adult birds. [4] The lifespan of the Jamaican pewee is 3.5 years on average. [2]
The Jamaican pewee is only found in Jamaica. [3] It can be found on forest edges in mid-elevation across the country, and it can rarely be found in high elevations. [4] There is no distinction for how low Jamaican pewees will fly, but they have been seen to go as high as 2,000 meters. The Jamaican pewee has been seen to fly to lower elevations during the non-breeding season. [3]
The Jamaican pewee perches upright on obvious perches specifically when looking for its prey. It will dive down to grab its prey from the air, returning to the same or new perch, while flicking its tail on the landing.
The Jamaican pewee call has a “wee-wee” sound with the second “wee” being louder than the first. Another one of their calls is an “uh-weee-oo” sound where the middle section is more whistled sounding like a “weeah” sound. [6]
The Jamaican pewee is insectivorous meaning their diet consists strictly of insects. There is no scientific evidence to show what species of insects they eat the most of and eats the least of. [3]
The Jamaican pewee breeds from April until June, up to two times in a season. [3]
Jamaican pewees are considered a species of least concern for extinction. [3] The Jamaican pewee population is declining. The population of the bird is suspected to be decreasing because of the ongoing habitat destruction in Jamaica. The extent of the population decrease is unknown. [2]
The eastern wood pewee is a small tyrant flycatcher from North America. This bird and the western wood pewee were formerly considered a single species. The two species are virtually identical in appearance, and can be distinguished most easily by their calls.
The western wood pewee is a small tyrant flycatcher. Adults are gray-olive on the upperparts with light underparts, washed with olive on the breast. They have two wing bars and a dark bill with yellow at the base of the lower mandible. This bird is very similar in appearance to the eastern wood pewee; the two birds were formerly considered to be one species. The call of C. sordidulus is a loud buzzy peeer; the song consists of three rapid descending tsees ending with a descending peeer.
The olive-sided flycatcher is a small to medium sized passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the Tyrant flycatcher family. It is a migratory species that travels from South to North America to breed during the summer. It is a very agile flyer and mainly consumes flying insects on flight. Since 2016, this species has been assessed as being near-threatened globally (IUCN) and threatened in Canada (SRA) due to its declining populations.
The alder flycatcher is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. The genus name Empidonax is from Ancient Greek empis, "gnat", and anax, "master". The specific alnorum is Latin and means "of the alders".
The Indian nightjar is a small nightjar which is a resident breeder in open lands across South Asia and Southeast Asia. Like most nightjars it is crepuscular and is best detected from its characteristic calls at dawn and dusk that have been likened to a stone skipping on a frozen lake - a series of clicks that become shorter and more rapid. They are sometimes spotted on roads when their eyes gleam red in the spotlight of a vehicle. There is considerable plumage variation across its range and can be hard to differentiate from other nightjars in the region especially in the field.
The tropical pewee or southern tropical pewee is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from southern Mexico and Trinidad south to Bolivia and Argentina. The taxon punensis, found in south-western Ecuador and western Peru, is usually included as a subspecies of the tropical pewee, but it has been suggested it should be considered a separate species, the Tumbes pewee.
The rainbow bee-eater is a near passerine bird in the bee-eater family Meropidae.
The broad-billed tody is a species of bird in the family Todidae, and one of two Todus species found on Hispaniola, along with the narrow-billed tody.
The dark pewee is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It is endemic to the Talamancan montane forests of Costa Rica and western Panama.
The greater pewee is a passerine and is in the tyrant flycatcher group. This species' range is further north than the other Mexican species. This bird was formerly known as Coues' flycatcher.
The thick-billed kingbird is a large bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. This bird breeds from southeastern Arizona, extreme southwestern New Mexico, and northern Sonora,, in the United States and Mexico, through western and western-coastal Mexico, south to western Guatemala.
The vervain hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in tribe Mellisugini of subfamily Trochilinae, the "bee hummingbirds". It is found on Hispaniola and Jamaica.
The tufted tit-tyrant is a species of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family Tyrannidae. This species is found in western South America; its range stretches from southern Colombia south along the Andes mountains to Tierra del Fuego. It prefers to live in upper montane forests and shrublands; however, it is a habitat generalist and can be found across a wide range of ecosystems. The tufted tit-tyrant has three subspecies, including the nominate subspecies Anairetes parulus parulus, A. p. aequatorialis, and A. p. patagonicus, and is very closely related to the Juan Fernández tit-tyrant. It is very small with a distinctive and conspicuous crest. The bird's head is black overall with white supraloral and postocular stripes. Its dull grayish-brown back contrasts with its white throat and breast that are covered with black streaks and pale, unmarked yellow underbelly. There are few noticeable differences in plumage between the subspecies. It is a vocal flycatcher with a broad repertoire of songs.
The Cuban pewee or crescent-eyed pewee is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is found in Cuba and the northern Bahamas. It was formerly lumped with the Hispaniolan pewee and Jamaican pewee as a single species, the Greater Antillean pewee.
The smoke-colored pewee is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. The species is characterized by a uniform dusky-grey plumage.
The Hispaniolan pewee is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae (flycatcher) family. It is endemic to the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean.
The flammulated flycatcher is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It was formerly placed in the monotypic genus Deltarhynchus but was moved to the genus Ramphotrigon based on genetic analysis. It is endemic to the dry deciduous forest, arid thorn forest, and scrubby woodland of Mexico’s Pacific coast. The flycatcher is an olive to gray-brown bird with a streaked, pale gray chest, white throat, black bill, dark gray feet, and dark brown wings. It is a skulking bird that typically remains hidden in the underbrush. It feeds by gleaning insects off of leaves and twigs that it spots from an exposed perch. The female lays approximately three eggs in a nest made in a shallow tree cavity.
The Jamaican elaenia is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is endemic to Jamaica. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest.
The northern potoo is a nocturnal bird belonging to the potoo family, Nyctibiidae. It is found from Mexico south to Costa Rica, and on the islands of Jamaica and Hispaniola. It was formerly classified as a subspecies of the common potoo but is now usually treated as a separate species based on differences in vocalizations.
