Kadua cookiana | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Gentianales |
Family: | Rubiaceae |
Genus: | Kadua |
Species: | K. cookiana |
Binomial name | |
Kadua cookiana | |
Synonyms | |
Hedyotis cookiana |
Kadua cookiana (formerly Hedyotis cookiana) is a rare species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common names 'awiwi and Cook's bluet. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from Kauai, having been extirpated from Molokai and Hawaii. [2] It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Today there are two populations of the plant in the Hanakoa and Waiahuakua Valleys on the Nā Pali Coast of Kauai, with a total global population of no more than 122 individuals. [2] The plant grows next to flowing water, particularly waterfalls, where it grows from cracks in basalt walls next to the falling water. Other plants in the habitat include ahinahina (Artemisia australis), kookoolau (Bidens forbesii, akoko (Chamaesyce celastroides var. hanapepensis), kikawaio (Christella cyatheoides), 'uiwi (Kadua elatior), and uki (Machaerina angustifolia). [2]
This is a small shrub with many short branches up to 20 centimeters long and lined with narrow leaves. It bears white flowers. [1] It is gynodioecious, with an individual plant bearing either bisexual or all female flowers. [2]
Threats to this rare species include habitat damage and destruction by feral pigs and introduced plant species. Plants may be lost in floods, hurricanes, and landslides. [2]
Melicope knudsenii, commonly known as Olokele Valley melicope or Knudsen's melicope, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It inhabits montane mesic forests dominated by Acacia koa, Metrosideros polymorpha, and Dicranopteris linearis on Kauaʻi and East Maui (Auwahi). Associated plants include Syzygium sandwicensis, Cheirodendron trigynum, Myrsine lessertiana, Ilex anomala, Alphitonia ponderosa, Zanthoxylum dipetalum, Kadua terminalis, Pleomele aurea, Bobea spp., Tetraplasandra waimeae, Xylosma hawaiensis, Eurya sandwicensis, Psychotria mariniana, Melicope anisata, Melicope barbigera, Planchonella sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, and Dianella sandwicensis. It is threatened by habitat loss. Like other Hawaiian Melicope, this species is known as alani. This is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Melicope pallida, the pale melicope, is a species of tree in the family Rutaceae. It is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States. Like other Hawaiian Melicope, this species is known as alani.
Melicope paniculata, the Lihue melicope, is a rare species of tree in the family Rutaceae. It is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Like other Hawaiian Melicope, this species is known as alani.
Charpentiera densiflora is a rare species of tree in the family Amaranthaceae known by the common names dense-flowered pāpala and Nā Pali Coast pāpala. It is endemic to the island of Kauai in Hawaii, where there are 300 to 400 mature trees remaining. This and many other rare Kauaian plants were added to the endangered species list of the United States in 2010.
Cyperus trachysanthos is a rare species of sedge known by the common names pu`uka`a and sticky flatsedge. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known from Kauai and Oahu. It was known from Niihau, Molokai and Lanai, but it has been extirpated from these islands. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Kadua coriacea is a rare species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common name kioʻele. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Hawaiʻi and one individual remaining on Maui. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Kadua degeneri is a rare species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common names Waianae Range starviolet and Degener's bluet. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Oahu. There are four known populations totalling 370 individuals. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Kadua laxiflora is a rare species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common names Mann's bluet and Hawaiian pilo. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known from Molokai, Lanai, and Maui. It is known to exist at four locations for a global population of under 100 plants. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Kadua parvula is a rare species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common name rockface star-violet. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the Waianae Mountains on the island of Oahu. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Kadua st-johnii is a rare species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common name Nā Pali beach starviolet. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the Nā Pali coast of Kauai. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Lysimachia iniki is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae known by the common names Wailua River yellow loosestrife and Wailua River island-loosestrife. It is endemic to Hawaii, where there is only one known occurrence existing on the island of Kauai. The plant was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 2010.
Cyperus pennatiformis is a rare species of sedge known by the common name coastal flatsedge. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it grows on the islands of Maui, Kauai, and Laysan. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Peristylus holochila is a rare species of orchid known by the common name Hawaii bog orchid. It is endemic to Hawaii. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Melicope rostrata, synonym Platydesma rostrata, is a rare species of flowering plant in the citrus family, known by the common name pilo kea lau li'i. It is endemic to Hawaii, where there are only about 100 individuals remaining on island of Kauai. It was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 2010.
Remya kauaiensis is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, known by the common name of Kauai remya. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Kauai. It is threatened by the degradation of its habitat. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Silene lanceolata is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common names Kauai catchfly and lanceolate catchfly. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from Oahu, Molokai, and Hawaii, having been extirpated from Kauai and Lanai. It is threatened by the degradation of its habitat and it is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Spermolepis hawaiiensis is a rare species of flowering plant in the carrot family known by the common name Hawai'i scaleseed. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known from the islands of Kauai, Maui, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, and Hawaii. It is threatened by the degradation of its habitat and it is a federally listed endangered species.
Solanum incompletum is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae known by the common names thorny popolo and popolo ku mai. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it occurs today on the islands of Maui, Lanai, and Hawaii. It is threatened by the destruction and degradation of its habitat. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Stenogyne kealiae is a rare species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name Keal's stenogyne. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Kauai. It was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 2010.
Vigna owahuensis is a rare species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name Oahu cowpea.