In the 1950s, although there were some new innovations such as the spread of underwater high-speed submarines and the appearance of nuclear-powered submarines, the world's submarines were still in a state of being unable to escape from their appearance during World War II. In addition, new technologies such as anti-submarine missiles (SUM) and patrol helicopters (HS), which will significantly change the aspect of anti-submarine warfare, have just begun to emerge. Therefore, submarine chasers with appropriate anti-submarine search and attack capabilities were considered to be influential in anti-submarine defense in harbors, straits, or nearby seas.[1]
For this reason, when the Ministry of Finance approved the allocation of defense contributions to ship construction costs when formulating the budget for 1954, the National Safety Agency's security forces had eight 300-ton and 60-ton class submarine chasers. Three submarine chasers (torpedo boats) were included. For technical and military comparisons, these eight 300-ton class submarine chasers have three variations depending on the main engine, four are Kawasaki Heavy Industries' high-speed lightweight diesel main engines, and three are made by Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding. A medium-speed robust diesel main engine, one of which will be equipped with a high-speed lightweight diesel main engine manufactured by Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding and a gas turbine main engine manufactured by Mitsubishi Shipbuilding. Of these, this model was said to be equipped with a high-speed, lightweight diesel main engine manufactured by Kawasaki Heavy Industries.[2] The gas turbine-equipped boat was classified as a 26-knot class high-speed test boat as a B-type submarine chaser, and the other seven boats were classified as a 20-knot class practical boat as an A-type submarine chaser.[3][4]
Design
The basic design was done by the Ship Design Association, as was the case with the destroyers of the same period, and the plan number was K101B.[5] In designing, as with the other submarine chasers planned for the same year, the Imperial Japanese Navy's CH-4 and No.13-class submarine chasers would be used as the basis for the design, and this would adapt the US Navy's weaponries.[6]
The ship type has a flush deck similar to the CH-4 and No.13-classes, but in order to improve stability, seakeeping and habitability, a strong shear was provided to make the bow larger and toward the stern. The weight was reduced by gradually lowering the freeboard. Aluminium alloy was used for the mast and superstructure to reduce the weight of the upper part. For the hull, SM41W thin steel plate (4.5mm thick even under the waterline, 2.9 to 3.2mm thick at the bow, etc.) was used to reduce the weight, and high-strength steel were also introduced in some parts. In addition, the bridge and deck chamber were separated in order to reduce the area on the wind pressure side as the center of gravity descended, and the bridge was moved as close to the center as possible to suppress acceleration due to longitudinal sway. This had drawbacks such as the inability to communicate with the ship in stormy weather and the inability to secure sufficient space inside the ship, so the design was revised for the Mizutori-class and Umitaka-class after the 1957 plan.[3][5]
As the main engine, a diesel engine with a V8 V22 / 30 type 4-cycle single-acting V-type 16-cylinder exhaust turbocharger produced by Kawasaki Heavy Industries under a license agreement with MAN was installed. It does not have a self-reversing mechanism and is connected to the propeller via a fluid coupling and a reducer. Due to this, the shaft system became longer, and because the main engine room was located in front of the auxiliary equipment room, the funnel was installed on the rear deck room, but it was designed to keep the height low. At first glance, it seemed that there was no funnel.[4][5]
Equipment
As for the sensor, a sensor of almost the same type as the escort ship of the same period was installed, but the air-search radar was omitted. As a seaplane search radar, the X-bandAN/SPS-5B was installed on the mast, and as a sonar, a 25.5kHz class scanning AN/SQS-11A was installed on the bottom of the ship directly under the Bofors 40 mm gun.[6][3]
Regarding armament, the US Navy generally follows the PC-461-class submarine chaser that was maintained during World War II, with a twin Mk.1 Bofors 40mm gun on the front deck and a hedgehog launcher just before the bridge structure behind it. A Hog Mk.10 anti-submarine slamming gun was placed, and a 55-type depth charge projector (Y-gun) and two 54-type depth charge rails (6 depth charges for 1 row) were placed on each side of the rear deck. The Mk.1 40mm twin gun was commanded by the Mk.63 fire control system, the director was on the bridge top, and the Mk.34 fire control radar was on the gun side. In addition, the ammunition for hedgehog is 96 shots for 4 simultaneous shots, and 36 depth charges are installed. A warehouse was set up. As part of the measures to lower the center of gravity, the tip of the depth charge drop rail was made embedded.[3]
JDS Ōshio (SS-561) was the only ship of her kind in service with Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force. Ōshio was planned and built to replace the aging JDS Kuroshio.
JDS Oyashio (SS-511) was a submarine of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, named after the Oyashio Current, a cold current that comes down through the Bering Strait.
JDS Kuroshio (SS-570) was the fifth boat of the Uzushio-class submarines. She was commissioned on 27 November 1974.
JDS Michishio (SS-564) was the third boat of the Asashio-class submarines. She was commissioned on 29 August 1968.
JDS Arashio (SS-565) was the fourth boat of the Asashio-class submarines. She was commissioned on 25 July 1969.
JDS Makishio (SS-567) was the second boat of the Uzushio-class submarines. She was commissioned on 2 February 1972.
JDS Isoshio (SS-568) was the third boat of the Uzushio-class submarines. She was commissioned on 25 November 1972.
JDS Narushio (SS-569) was the fourth boat of the Uzushio-class submarines. She was commissioned on 28 September 1973.
JDS Takashio (SS-571) was the sixth boat of the Uzushio-class submarines. She was commissioned on 30 January 1976.
JDS Yaeshio (SS-572) was the seventh boat of the Uzushio-class submarines. She was commissioned on 7 March 1978.
JDS Yūshio (SS-573) was the lead boat of the Yūshio-class submarine. She was commissioned on 7 March 1978.
JDS Mochishio (SS-574) was a Yūshio-class submarine. She was commissioned on 5 March 1981.
JDS Setoshio (SS-575) was a Yūshio-class submarine. She was commissioned on 17 March 1982.
JDS Hamashio (SS-578) was a Yūshio-class submarine. She was commissioned on 5 March 1985.
JDS Takeshio (SS-580) was a Yūshio-class submarine. She was commissioned on 5 March 1985.
The Uragaclass was a series of 2 mine countermeasure vessels for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force. They were all built and commissioned in the 1990s.
The Kari-class submarine chaser was a class of submarine chasers of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force after the Second World War, in the mid-1950s.
The Umitaka-class submarine chaser was a class of submarine chasers of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force after the Second World War, in the late 1950s.
The Mizutori-class submarine chaser was a class of submarine chasers of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force after the Second World War, in the early 1960s.
JDSHayabusa(PC-308) was a submarine chaser of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) in the mid-1950s. She was later converted to an accommodation ship and redesignated as ASY-91. She was the third vessel to inherit the name after the Imperial Japanese Navy's Hayabusa-class torpedo boat Hayabusa and Ōtori-class torpedo boat Hayabusa.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force 
