Kensington, South Australia

Kensington Adelaide,  South Australia
Population	1,808 (SAL 2021) [1]
Postcode(s)	5068
Area	0.5 km2 (0.2 sq mi)
Location	5 km (3 mi) east of Adelaide
LGA(s)	City of Norwood Payneham St Peters
State electorate(s)	Dunstan
Federal division(s)	Sturt
Suburbs around Kensington: Norwood Beulah Park Kensington Park Norwood Kensington Kensington Park Toorak Gardens Marryatville Leabrook

Kensington is a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia in the City of Norwood, Payneham & St Peters council area. Unlike the rest of the city, Kensington's streets are laid out diagonally. Second Creek runs through and under part of the suburb, which contains many heritage buildings as well as Norwood Swimming Centre and several schools.

History

The village of Kensington was surveyed in November 1838 by J.H. Hughes, the first in the immediate area, and was named after Kensington Palace. The streets were laid out diagonally in order to minimise crossings of Second Creek, with the main streets, High Street and Regent Street, running parallel to the creek. ^[2]

Wellington and Bridge Streets, in the south-western corner of the suburb, were first to be settled, and Bridge Street was the main street until a tramline was laid along High Street in the 1870s. John Roberts and other builders were responsible for building many brick residences after the 1840s. ^[2]

First Anglican bishop Augustus Short first lived in Kensington after his arrival in December 1847, on the corner of Bishop's Place and Regent Street. ^[3]

The Colonial Secretary, then Alfred Mundy, lived in Kensington in 1848. This was before the village of Marryatville was developed over the road to the south. ^[4]

A Catholic nun, now a saint, Mary MacKillop lived and worked in Kensington from 1872 until 1883, establishing the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart Congregation. The Mary MacKillop Precinct is located site, and includes a museum, a conference centre, and St Joseph's Chapel. ^[5] Mary MacKillop College is also within the precinct. ^[6]

The Kensington line was the first of several trams in Adelaide, firstly horse-drawn (1878) and later electrified. ^[7] The Adelaide & Suburban Tramway Company built and ran a horse-drawn tramway from Kensington to the Adelaide city centre, comprising double tracks that ran down The Parade. A single loop track ran up Regent Street and back down High Street. ^[2]

Historic buildings

The suburb contains a large number of heritage-listed buildings, mostly dwellings and a few former shops. The Norwood Swimming Pool is also listed. ^[8]

The Rising Sun

Building housing the Rising Sun Hotel 1882–1909

The Rising Sun Hotel was established in 1846 by William Beck, a "black African" man who had previously run the Kensington Arms; the hotel was later referred to as "Black Becks". ^[9] The inn occupied the premises at 64 Bridge Street from 1848 to 1882, ^[10] during which the Beck family was associated with it for its first two decades; Sarah Ann Beck and then Alexander Beck held the licence following William's death. In 1858 the inn was described as "a public house of brick, 7 rooms, bar, kitchen, stables, sheds and garden"; by 1864 it included a cellar. Edwin T. Smith, proprietor of Kent Town Brewery, bought the inn, and Benjamin Morey, who served as local councillor in 1863–64, held the licence until October 1878. Smith improved the building, adding an enclosed area at the front and fitting the interior with cedar woodwork. After Morey came William Hamlin Fairley and John Paul Dunk in 1879, followed by Henry White Newlyn in 1880. ^[9]

Newlyn moved the inn to a new two-storey building on the corner of High Street ^[9] in 1882, which remained as the Rising Sun Hotel until 1909, although he left proprietorship in 1885. ^[10] Meetings of groups such as ratepayers ^[11] and Oddfellows, ^[12] as well as coronial inquests, were held at the hotel in the 1880s. ^{[13] [14]}

The old building, owned by Smith until 1913, was converted into three residential tenancies. It was used as a motorcycle factory from 1950 to 1972, manufacturing the only South Australian-produced motorcycles. After that the building lay derelict until it was converted into a boutique pub in 1983. ^[9] It was heritage-listed on the South Australian Heritage Register as the "Rising Sun Inn" in the same year. ^[15] The corner building which housed the hotel at the turn of the century was heritage-listed in 1990, as two attached shops and a residence. ^[16]

The internationally renowned visual effects company, Rising Sun Pictures, took its name from the pub ^[17] after its founders had their first meeting there ^[18] in 1995. ^[17]

In 2015 Grant Goodall took over the establishment from its previous owner of eight years, chef Tom Savis. ^[18] Today it is known as simply "The Rising Sun". ^[9]

Location and governance

Kensington lies approximately 5 km (3.1 mi) due east of Adelaide city centre.

Nearby suburbs Kensington Park and Beulah Park are in the City of Burnside, while Norwood and Marryatville are also in Norwood, Payneham and St Peters council area.

Schools

Marryatville Primary School is a state primary school, located in Kensington (not in Marryatville, as its name suggests), accommodating around 545 students from Reception to Year 7 as of 2022 ^[update] . Most students go on to attend Marryatville High School, with some students zoned to Norwood/Morialta High School. ^[19] The school was established in 1883 ^[20] at a site on Kensington Road, and moved to its current location in 1978. The first principal was William J. Kent. ^{[21] [ citation needed ]}

Mary MacKillop College is a private Catholic girls' secondary school located in Kensington, founded by Mary MacKillop in 1872. ^[6]

McKellar Stewart Kindergarten is a preschool on Regent Place. ^[22]

The junior primary campus of St Joseph's Memorial School, catering for children from preschool to Year 1, is in Bridge Street, Kensington, while its other campus in William Street, Norwood, caters for Year 2 to Year 6. ^[23]

A middle school STEM building for Pembroke School is located in Kensington, adjacent to the main middle school facilities in Kensington Park. The building was designed by architects Grieve Gillett Anderson and opened in 2019. ^[24]

Other amenities

Village Church & Kensington Pioneer Park

Parks

Borthwick Park has its front entrance on Thornton Street, ^[25] with two other entrances off Bridge Street and High Street via Heanes Lane. Second Creek runs through the park. ^[26] Alby South (born c. 1920, who was a member of the KRA for 30 years, and was a Kensington Ward councillor for 10 years, was largely responsible for the creation of the park. ^[27] It contains a number of large river red gum trees, and has been greatly improved since the 2000s by a revegetation project, undertaken by the Kensington Residents Association (KRA) in association with the council and the Adelaide and Mt Lofty Ranges Natural Resource Management Board. Since 2010, plantings by the volunteer group have helped to establish plants which were native to the area before the colonisation of South Australia, improving biodiversity by establishing new growth under the remnant gums, after removal of invasive kikuyu grass in these areas. Sedges and rushes to help protect banks of Second Creek from further erosion, and a nature play area has been established on one bank. ^[26]

Kensington Pioneer Park was created on a former church graveyard in Maesbury Street, and was named in honour of the pioneers of the area who were buried in the cemetery between February 1849 to October 1864. ^[28] It is a small park next to "The Village Church", a former church now converted into a residence. The church was non-denominational, later Congregational. The park was created by the local Apex Club in 1966. There is a large rock with a plaque listing the names of all those buried in the cemetery. ^[29]

Other amenities

Norwood Swimming Centre, an outdoor pool owned by the council, is in Phillips Street. ^[30]

High Street Cafe is next to Mary McKillop School. ^{[31] [32]}

Apart from the Rising Sun (mentioned above), there is another pub, the Kensington Hotel, aka "The Kensi", on Regent Street. ^[33]

Notable residents

Notable residents of Kensington have included:

• Dr John Benson (died July 1877), who lived at 50 High Street and practised in Kensington for ten years, and was much respected ^[2]
• Arthur Henry Freeling, Surveyor General & Colonial Engineer ^[2]
• Edward Castres Gwynne, Supreme Court Judge ^[2]
• Augustus Short, first Anglican Bishop ^[2]
• Dr Thomas Taylor, one of the state's first medical practitioners ^[2]
• Charles Algernon Wilson (died 1884), Commissioner of Inland Revenue from 1858; first Chief Clerk at the Supreme Court from 1876 ^[34]

References

1. Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Kensington (SA) (suburb and locality)". Australian Census 2021 QuickStats. Retrieved 28 June 2022. 
2. "Kensington Residents Association" . Retrieved 21 December 2023.
3. "Augustus Short". The Observer (Adelaide) . Vol. LXXX, no. 5, 960. South Australia. 21 April 1923. p. 41. Retrieved 26 July 2019– via National Library of Australia.
4. "Place Names of South Australia: Marryatville". State Library of South Australia. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
5. "Mary MacKillop Precinct – Mary MacKillop Precinct". Mary MacKillop Precinct. 20 May 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
6. "History". Mary MacKillop College Kensington. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
7. Hickey, Alan, ed. (2004). Postcards: On the Road Again. Wakefield Press (Australia). p. 16. ISBN   1-86254-597-9.
8. "Kensington [search]". SA Heritage Places Database Search. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
9. "The History of the Rising Sun Inn ‹ The Rising Sun Inn". The Rising Sun Inn. 12 June 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
10. "Rising Sun Hotel, Kensington" (Photo + text). State Library of South Australia . Retrieved 12 June 2022.
11. "Norwood and Kensington". The Express and Telegraph . Vol. XIX, no. 5, 661. South Australia. 22 November 1882. p. 2 (Second Edition). Retrieved 12 June 2022– via National Library of Australia.
12. "Friendly societies". South Australian Register . Vol. LV, no. 13, 576. South Australia. 19 May 1890. p. 7. Retrieved 12 June 2022– via National Library of Australia.
13. "Inquest". South Australian Register . Vol. XLVIII, no. 11, 573. South Australia. 17 December 1883. p. 6. Retrieved 12 June 2022– via National Library of Australia.
14. "Coroner's Inquest". South Australian Register . Vol. XLIX, no. 11, 642. South Australia. 7 March 1884. p. 2 (Supplement to the South Australian Register). Retrieved 12 June 2022– via National Library of Australia.
15. "Rising Sun Inn". SA Heritage Places Database Search. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
16. "38&40 also known as U1 & 2 38 High Street KENSINGTON". SA Heritage Places Database Search. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
17. "Our Story". Rising Sun Pictures. 16 February 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
18. Taylor, Mary (22 April 2015). "The Forager: New dawn for Rising Sun". InDaily . Retrieved 12 June 2022.
19. "About Us". Marryatville Primary School. 1 March 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
20. "Municipal Corporations". Evening Journal (Adelaide) . Vol. XVI, no. 4696. South Australia. 10 June 1884. p. 3 (SECOND EDITION). Retrieved 12 June 2022– via National Library of Australia.
21. "Schools Heritage Comp site: The Old Marryatville Primary School". Archived from the original on 6 August 2008. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
22. "McKellar Stewart Kindergarten". McKellar Stewart Kindergarten. 13 June 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
23. "Our History". St Joseph's Memorial School. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
24. "Day one of Pembroke's new Middle School building". Grieve Gillett Anderson. 26 July 2019.
25. Budzynska, Lucy (20 September 2023). "Explore the fauna and flora in our beautiful city". KIDDO Mag. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
26. "Borthwick Park Revegetation Project". Kensington Residents' Association. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
27. "Alby South". Monument Australia. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
28. "Pioneers of Kensington & Norwood". Monument Australia. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
29. "South Australia- Kensington Pioneer Park (ex Cemetery)". Australian Cemeteries. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
30. "Swimming Centre Locations & Facilities". City of Norwood Payneham & St Peters. 4 November 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
31. "Activities, Events & Things to do in Adelaide with Kids". Kids In Adelaide. 20 July 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
32. McNamara, Lindy (6 November 2020). "New café in good hands". The Southern Cross. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
33. "Home". The Kensi, Kensington Hotel. 6 November 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
34. Loyau, George E. (1885). "Charles Algernon Wilson". Notable South Australians . Retrieved 20 December 2023– via Wikisource.

Further reading

• "Kensington and Marryatville". The Register (Adelaide) . Vol. LXXXVIII, no. 25, 678. South Australia. 16 April 1923. p. 8 – via National Library of Australia. Contains a great deal of detail about residents and buildings in both Kensington and Marryatville before 1923.
• Much of the early history of Kensington, Marryatville and Heathpool are described in this article, which has been split into three by the scanning process on Trove:
  • "Kensington and Marryatville". The Observer (Adelaide) . Vol. LXXX, no. 5, 960. South Australia. 21 April 1923. p. 40 – via National Library of Australia. (Part one of single article)
  • "For the Wealthy and Industrious". The Observer (Adelaide) . Vol. LXXX, no. 5, 960. South Australia. 21 April 1923. p. 40 – via National Library of Australia. (Part two of Kensington and Marryatville article) Covers Heathpool.
• "Kensington—Old and New". The Observer (Adelaide) . Vol. LXXX, no. 5, 961. South Australia. 28 April 1923. p. 14 – via National Library of Australia. Contains details about First and Second Creeks, the streets of Kensington, Kensington Oval, the tramways, Kensington Park, etc.; continued on next page, "Kensington—Old and New [cont.]". The Observer (Adelaide) . Vol. LXXX, no. 5, 961. South Australia. 28 April 1923. p. 15. Retrieved 20 September 2020– via National Library of Australia.

34°55′26″S138°38′42″E / 34.924°S 138.645°E / -34.924; 138.645