| Kochiura | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Male Kochiura aulica | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Theridiidae |
| Genus: | Kochiura Archer, 1950 [1] |
| Type species | |
| K. aulica (C. L. Koch, 1838) | |
| Species | |
8, see text | |
Kochiura is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1950. [2]
As of May 2020 [update] it contains eight species, found in Europe, Africa, Brazil, Chile, and Iran: [1]
Formerly included:
In synonymy:
Theridiidae, also known as the tangle-web spiders, cobweb spiders and comb-footed spiders, is a large family of araneomorph spiders first described by Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1833. This diverse, globally distributed family includes over 3,000 species in 124 genera, and is the most common arthropod found in human dwellings throughout the world.
Anyphaenidae is a family of araneomorph spiders, sometimes called anyphaenid sac spiders. They are distinguished from the sac spiders of the family Clubionidae and other spiders by having the abdominal spiracle placed one third to one half of the way anterior to the spinnerets toward the epigastric furrow on the underside of the abdomen. In most spiders the spiracle is just anterior to the spinnerets. Like clubionids, anyphaenids have eight eyes arranged in two rows, conical anterior spinnerets and are wandering predators that build silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark or under rocks. There are more than 600 species in over 50 genera worldwide.
Long-jawed orb weavers or long jawed spiders (Tetragnathidae) are a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Anton Menge in 1866. They have elongated bodies, legs, and chelicerae, and build small orb webs with an open hub with few, wide-set radii and spirals with no signal line or retreat. Some species are often found in long vegetation near water.
Sicarius is a genus of recluse spiders that is potentially medically significant to humans. It is one of three genera in its family, all venomous spiders known for a bite that can induce loxoscelism. They live in deserts and arid regions of the Neotropics, and females use a mixture of sand and silk when producing egg sacs. The name is Latin for assassin.
Episinus is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1809.
Lycosa is a genus of wolf spiders distributed throughout most of the world. Sometimes called the "true tarantula", though not closely related to the spiders most commonly called tarantulas today, Lycosa spp. can be distinguished from common wolf spiders by their relatively large size. This genus includes the European Lycosa tarantula, which was once associated with tarantism, a dubious affliction whose symptoms included shaking, cold sweats, and a high fever, asserted to be curable only by the traditional tarantella dance. No scientific substantiation of that myth is known; the venom of Lycosa spiders is generally not harmful.
Theridion is a genus of tangle-web spiders with a worldwide distribution. Notable species are the Hawaiian happy face spider (T. grallator), named for the iconic symbol on its abdomen, and T. nigroannulatum, one of few spider species that lives in social groups, attacking prey en masse to overwhelm them as a team.
Cryptachaea is a genus of spiders in the Theridiidae family.
Metepeira is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by F. O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1903. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek μετά and the obsolete genus name Epeira, denoting a genus similar to Epeira.
Sanogasta is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão in 1941.
Ero is a genus of pirate spiders first described in 1836. They resemble comb-footed spiders due to their globular abdomen, which is higher than it is long.
Euryopis is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Anton Menge in 1868.
Phoroncidia is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by J. O. Westwood in 1835.
Gayenna is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by H. Nicolet in 1849.
Molinaranea is a genus of South American orb-weaver spiders first described by Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão in 1940.
Sphecozone is a genus of sheet weavers that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1871.
Selkirkiella is a genus of South American comb-footed spiders that was first described by Lucien Berland in 1924. Originally placed with the Araneidae, it was transferred to the comb-footed spiders in 1972.
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