Company type | Government-owned corporation |
---|---|
Industry | Rail transport |
Founded | 1 September 1963 (as Korea Railroad Administration) 9 March 1992 (renamed as Korea High Speed Rail Construction Authority) 1 January 2004 (renamed as Korea Rail Network Authority) 10 September 2020 (renamed as Korea National Railway) |
Headquarters | Soje-dong, Dong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea |
Website | https://english.kr.or.kr/main.do |
Korea National Railway | |
Hangul | |
---|---|
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Gukka Cheoldo Gongdan |
McCune–Reischauer | Kukka Ch'ŏlto Gongdan |
Korea National Railway is a railroad construction and management company in South Korea formed by the merger of KNR Construction Headquarters and Korean Express Railroad Construction Corporation. Its main clients are Korail. It is a subsidiary of the Ministry of Land,Infrastructure and Transport. [1]
Korea National Railway was established as the Korean National Railroad Administration by the Korea National Railway Act. [2] [3]
During the early 2000s,the South Korean government decided to split the national railroad into separate companies for operation and construction. Consequently,the Korean National Railroad was broken up into Korail (established in January 2004) and Korea Rail Network Authority (established in January 2005 and renamed to Korea National Railway in September 2020 [4] ),the former managing train operations while the latter maintains the railway infrastructure. Amongst other benefits,this change was promoted as permitting open access across the Korean railway system;Korail functioned as the incumbent operator. [5] [6] [7]
It is responsible for the management of all railway infrastructure in South Korea,which includes the development of railway stations;these activities are governed and set by various railway policies,budget allocations,and safety standards. [3] Perhaps its most high profile undertaking of the organisation is the oversight of all railway-related construction projects. [2] [8] Korea National Railway works closely with train operators such as Korail. [3] By 2018,the organisation reportedly had an annual budget of $8 billion,managed asset worth a combined $100 billion,and had 2,194 employees working for it. [3]
Further reform of the railways and efforts to support the presence of private rail companies on Korea's railway network occurred during the 2010s. In 2012,the then-Ministry of Land,Transport and Maritime Affairs called for bids to operate high-speed trains for 15 years on the Seoul–Busan and Seoul–Mokpo lines with the goal was to end the state-owned Korail's monopoly and create competition for the state-run KTX trains,hoping to increase the quality of service and decrease fares. [9] SR Corporation,founded in 2014,won the concession to operate the trains;though Korail owns 41 percent of its shares,a teachers' pension fund and two Korean banks own a combined 59 percent of shares,with SR thus operating independently from the government and Korail. [10] In December 2016,SR Corporation officially launched SRT (Super Rapid Train) services,initially running between Suseo–Busan on a newly-opened high speed line. [11] [12] Being an open-access operator,it has been charged larger fees for track access by Korea National Railway than those imposed on Korail's KTX services,paying 50 percent of its sales revenue against the KTX's 34 percent. [13] SR Corporation has claimed that its presence has increased competition,driving down ticket prices and raising service quality overall,while also contributing to the repayments of the accumulated debts from the construction of Korea’s high-speed network. [14] [13]
The Korea Railroad Corporation (Korean: 한국철도공사;Hanja: 韓國鐵道公社,branded as KORAIL,is the national railway operator in South Korea. Currently,KORAIL is a public corporation,managed by Ministry of Land,Infrastructure and Transportation.
The Gyeongbu line (Gyeongbuseon) is a railway line in South Korea and is considered to be the most important and one of the oldest in the country. It was constructed in 1905,connecting Seoul with Busan via Suwon,Daejeon,and Daegu. It is by far the most heavily travelled rail line in South Korea.
The Jungang line is a railway line connecting Cheongnyangni in Seoul to Moryang in Gyeongju in South Korea,traversing central South Korea from the northwest to the southeast. It is also referred to as the rail line of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway from Yongsan station to Jipyeong station. The section from Cheongnyangni to Dodam was designated as a semi-high-speed railway.
Korea Train eXpress (Korean: 한국고속철도),often known as KTX,is South Korea's high-speed rail system,operated by Korail. Construction began on the high-speed line from Seoul to Busan in 1992. KTX services were launched on April 1,2004.
Hyundai Rotem Co. is a South Korean company that manufactures rolling stock,defense products and plant equipment. It is a part of the Hyundai Motor Group. Its name was changed from Rotem to Hyundai Rotem in December 2007 to reflect the parent company. It is also called Hyundai Railroad Technology Systems.
Busan station (Korean: 부산역) is a train station in Busan,South Korea. It is the southern terminus of the Gyeongbu Line &the Gyeongbu high-speed railway,the most important railway lines in the country,which links Busan with Seoul in around two and a half hours on KTX,Korea's high-speed rail train. There are also cheaper,slower rail alternatives to seoul,including the "Mugungwha" Train,which takes over four hours. Essentially all trains to Seoul stop in a few settlements between the two cities. It is also an underground station on Busan Metro Line 1 between Jungang and Choryang stations. The station is centrally located in the Choryang-dong (neighbourhood) of Dong-gu (ward) in Busan.
AREX is a South Korean airport rail link and commuter rail line that links Incheon International Airport with Seoul Station via Gimpo International Airport.
Rail transport in South Korea is a part of the transport network in South Korea and an important mode of the conveyance of people and goods,though railways play a secondary role compared to the road network. The network consists of 4,285 km (2,663 mi) of standard-gauge lines connecting all major cities with the exception of Jeju City on Jeju Island,which does not have railways;of the network,2,790 km (1,730 mi) are double-tracked and 3,187 km (1,980 mi) are electrified. In 2018,rails carried 11.5 percent of all traffic in South Korea –134.8 million passengers and 30.9 million tonnes of freight –with roads carrying 88.3 percent.
SuseoStation is a railroad station on the Suin–Bundang Line and Line 3 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway. The station is in the Suseo neighborhood of the Gangnam District in Seoul,South Korea. Prior to the Line 3 extension to Ogeum station in 2010,Suseo Station was the southeastern terminus of Line 3. Along with Yangjae station,Suseo Station serves as an important transfer point between Line 3 and buses from/to southern cities such as Seongnam,Yongin,and Suwon.
The Gyeongbu high-speed railway,also known as Gyeongbu HSR,is South Korea's first high-speed rail line from Seoul to Busan. KTX high-speed trains operate three sections of the line:on 1 April 2004,the first between a junction near Geumcheon-gu Office station,Seoul and a junction at Daejeonjochajang station north of Daejeon,and a second between a junction at Okcheon station,southeast of Daejeon,and a junction near Jicheon station,north of Daegu entered service;then on 1 November 2010,the third section,between a junction west of Daegu and Busan became operational. The missing gaps across the urban areas of Daejeon and Daegu were in construction for an expected opening in 2014,separate tracks into Seoul Station were also planned. The temporary ends of the three sections were connected to the parallel conventional Gyeongbu Line by tracks that will serve as interconnector branches upon the completion of the entire line. On 1 August 2015,construction on urban areas of Daejeon and Daegu were completed;all the sections of HSR line were connected.
The Honam high-speed railway,also known as Honam HSR,is a high-speed rail between Osong and Mokpo in South Korea. The line is a part of Korail's Korea Train Express (KTX) system,accelerating Seoul–Mokpo and Seoul–Gwangju KTX high-speed services which currently use the existing conventional Honam Line. On April 1,2015,the line was inaugurated by the South Korean President Park Geun-hye with the attendance of 1200 invited guests and members of the public at Gwangju Songjeong Station in Gwangju,the line's terminus. The line diverges from Osong station on the Gyeongbu high-speed railway,and stops at Gongju,Iksan,Jeongeup Stations. Journey times between Seoul and Gwangju has been cut from 2 h 40 min to just 90 min,making daily commuting possible. The Honam HSR is intended to bring business,and economic opportunities to the province of Jeollanam-do,which has seen slower development than other parts of South Korea. The line has been open to the public since April 2,2015 for revenue service.
The KTX-Sancheon is a South Korean high-speed train built by Hyundai Rotem in the second half of the 2000s and operated by Korail since March 2010. With a top speed of 305 km/h (189.5 mph),the KTX-Sancheon is the second commercial high-speed train operated in South Korea and the first domestic high-speed train that is designed and developed in South Korea.
The KTX-I,also known as the TGV-K or Korail Class 100000,is a South Korean high speed train class based on the French TGV Réseau. The 20-car formation of the trainsets without restaurant car is optimized for high capacity. The 46 trainsets were built partly in France and partly in South Korea in the framework of a technology transfer agreement,which was the basis for further domestic high-speed train development in South Korea.
The Super Rapid Train,often known as SRT,is a high-speed rail service operated by SR Corporation. The service starts at Suseo station in southeast Seoul and terminates at either Busan station or Mokpo station.
High-speed rail service in South Korea began with the construction of a high-speed line from Seoul to Busan in 1992,and was inspired by Japan's Shinkansen. The first commercial high-speed rail service was launched on 1 April 2004. Currently,South Korea hosts two high-speed rail operators:Korea Train eXpress (KTX) and Super Rapid Train (SRT).
Seoul Transportation Corporation,branded as Seoul Metro,is a municipal-owned corporation owned by Seoul Metropolitan Government,and one of the two major operators of Seoul Metropolitan Subway with Korail.
The KTX-Eum or Korail Class 150000 is a South Korean high-speed electric multiple unit train manufactured by Hyundai Rotem and operated by Korail. The word 'eum' in Korean means 'uniting through connection'. This name was selected by members of the public,and expresses the desire to connect regions,people,and happiness through trains.
The KTX-Cheongryong or Korail Class 160000 is a South Korean high-speed electrical multiple unit train manufactured by Hyundai Rotem and operated by Korail and SR Corporation.
The Suseo–Pyeongtaek high-speed railway,also known as Suseo–Pyeongtaek HSR,is a high-speed rail line from Suseo station in southeast Seoul to a junction with the existing Gyeongbu high-speed railway in South Korea. The line was built to ensure southeast Seoul and southern Gyeonggi-do have high-speed rail connections.
SR Corporation,also known as Supreme Railways,is a South Korean rail operator that operates high-speed rail services.