Larry Agran

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Indeed, the stirrings of a city-led sustainability network can be traced in part to City of Irvine, CA, where, in summer 1989, then-Mayor Larry Agran ushered a first-of-its-kind local ordinance restricting the use of ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Mayor Agran predicted other cities would follow and they did. By July, a two-day conference in Irvine convened 24 U.S. and Canadian cities to explore how local governments could combat the depletion of the ozone layer. They called themselves the North American Congress of Local Governments for a Stratospheric Protection Accord. City of Irvine’s national and global peers transitioned their scope beyond CFCs to consider all environmental pollution the following year during the UN conference mentioned above.

A digital archive was created at the University of California, Irvine of CID's work, [11] as well as the founding of ICLEI. [12]

Human rights ordinance

As Mayor in 1988, Larry Agran led Irvine's City Council to establish the first human rights ordinance of its kind[ vague ] in Orange County, prohibiting discrimination on basis of "race, color, religion, national origin, sex, age, marital status, physical handicap," as well as sexual orientation. [13] The city ordinance was patterned on state and federal law, but went further to protect against discrimination based on sexual orientation. The Irvine City Council voted 4-0 to pass the ordinance. [13]

In 1989, a ballot measure (Measure N), led by Christina Shea [14] and her husband, struck "sexual orientation" as a protected class from the human rights ordinance. In June 2020, the initiative was repealed by a unanimous vote of the Irvine City Council. [15]

Municipal action on chlorofluorocarbons

Agran, Rowland and Molina, championed what was described as one of "the most far reaching measures" in banning commercial process and consumer product use of CFCs. [16] The ordinance is recognized as jumpstarting municipal, state, national, and international efforts to craft legislation that banned CFCs. [17]

Return to city government in 1998

In 1998, Agran re-entered public service as an Irvine City Councillor.

He was again elected mayor in the 2000 election (in which he was unopposed), [6] and in 2002. He later, unsuccessfully, sought the mayoralty in 2012.

Agran rejoined the city council in 2004 and has, for many years, served as a councilor, being most recently re-elected in 2020. [18] He chaired the city's Great Park board until February 2011. (The board is charged with planning, constructing and operating a new park of nearly 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) at the former Marine Corps Air Base El Toro in Irvine.)

Orange County Great Park

As an Irvine City Councilmember, Agran was the chair of the board of directors of the Orange County Great Park project from 2004 to 2010, establishing an international Great Park Master Design Competition that selected landscape architect Ken Smith of New York to create a master design and plan for the 40-year build-out of the Great Park. [19]

Agran supervised removal and clean-up of decades of toxic contamination and building of many of the Great Park's iconic features, including the Great Park Balloon and Carousel, the Palm Court and Arts Complex, the Farm + Food Lab, the South Lawn Soccer Complex, the huge North Lawn (the largest uninterrupted lawn in Southern California), and restoration and repurposing of historic World War II airplane hangars. Under Agran's leadership, the Great Park also began hosting popular events, including Cirque du Soleil, [20] concerts, movies, air shows, regular farmers markets, and countless other community events, boosting attendance at the Great Park to nearly one million annual visitors. [21] Under Agran's tenure, the City of Irvine and the Orange County Great Park also won a national U.S. Department of Energy competition to be the host venue for two U.S. Solar Decathlons, which were ultimately held at the Great Park in 2013 and 2015. [22] Annual financial audits of the Great Park conducted from 2004 through 2010 consistently found that the project was properly managed and that all spending was properly authorized, with no significant irregularities or unaccounted-for funds. [23] : 8–9 

In 2012, the development of the Great Park became politicized. Political opponents of Agran — including newly-elected Mayor Steven Choi and Councilmembers Christina Shea and Jeff Lalloway — won a 3-2 majority on the City Council, and called for another audit of Great Park expenditures. Agran and the other members of the City Council voted for the new audit, specifying that the cost should not exceed $250,000. [23] : 28  Councilmembers Christina Shea and Jeff Lalloway were appointed by the city council to a newly constituted City Council Subcommittee charged with overseeing the audit. The committee hired an accounting firm to conduct the audit: Hagen, Streiff, Newton & Oshiro (HSNO).

In January 2014, HSNO issued a preliminary public report declaring that $38 million in Great Park funds were "missing." The funds were, in fact, sitting in a secure state-mandated housing set-aside account. [23] : 21–22  [24]

The budget for the Great Park audit increased from the original $250,000 that had been authorized to $1.7 million to conduct additional investigations into the Great Park. [23] : 12–13 

These expenditures drew the attention of the Joint Legislative Audit Committee of the California State Legislature, which ordered California State Auditor Elaine Howle to conduct a careful review of the entire Great Park audit and the work of the Shea Subcommittee. That review culminated in California State Auditor Report 2015-116, titled "Poor Governance of the $1.7 Million Review of the Orange County Great Park Needlessly Compromised the Review's Credibility." [23] The California State Auditor's report states that the HSNO was hired through a flawed and biased selection process that "cast doubt on the impartiality of Irvine's selection of HSNO as the park review consultant and increased the risk that the city did not select the most qualified vendor to meet its needs." [23] : 2  This bidding process all but ensured that HSNO would receive a second, "no-bid" contract. [23] : 28–29  The report is also critical of the Shea Subcommittee's failure to properly oversee the work of the outside firms hired to conduct the audit, noting that the audit itself was driven by political motivations rather than by an objective analysis of the readily-available financial data.

In January 2020, the accounting firm hired by the Shea Subcommittee — Hagen, Streiff, Newton & Oshiro (HSNO) — was ordered to surrender their accountancy license and paid $550,000 in costs and penalties when the California Board of Accountancy said that the firm "failed to comply with professional standards, engaged in numerous acts of negligence, and disseminated false and misleading information" in performing the Great Park audit. [25]

Irvine term limits

In 2014, Irvine voters had approved a rule to its city charter such that councilmembers and the mayors can serve no more than two full 2 year terms for life. [26] Agran championed against the term limits, calling it the "worst written term limits proposal in history" in a statement on the 2014 ballot, saying that it was a bid by then-Mayor Steven Choi to stay in office for eight more years. [27]

Agran is one of the longest serving city council members in Orange County, having served for over three decades on and off the city council since 1978, [28] alongside serving as mayor for five non-consecutive 2 year terms. [29] In December 2022, Agran had resigned with a week left on his term in order to run for another four years on the city council, which prompted his colleague Vice Mayor Tammy Kim to call it a "slippery power grab" and asking Agran if "40 years on the city council [was] not enough". [27]

Orange County Veterans Memorial Park and Cemetery Campaigns

In July 2014, the Irvine City Council unanimously passed Councilmember Larry Agran's motion to transfer 125-acres of city-owned land called the Amended and Restated Development Agreement (ARDA) site to the state for development of a Veterans Memorial Park and Cemetery. [30]

A concept plan for the development was released in June 2016. Estimated cost of the facility was $78 million. [31] In April 2017, the Irvine City Council, on a split 3-2 vote, introduced a land-swap alternative with developer Five Point, trading the park-side ARDA site with a similarly sized location near Interstate 405. [32] In June 2017, with another split 3-2 vote, Irvine City Council directed the City to enter the land swap contract with developer Five Point to move the cemetery. [33]

After the Irvine City Council entered the land swap agreement on October 10, 2017, Irvine residents started a petition referendum campaign to halt the zoning ordinance change that was requisite for the land swap, submitting 19,140 signatures gathered within 30 days, which put the zoning change on the June 2018 ballot. [34] The referendum to halt the zoning change was successful, as measure "B", which would have allowed the relocation of the cemetery, was defeated by 63% to 37%. [35] [36]

In July 2018, the Irvine City Council moved to study a third site for the veterans' cemetery, dubbed the "golf course site". [37] Irvine residents initiated a petition initiative, led by Ed Pope and Larry Agran, to designate by zoning the ARDA site to be the only site in the Great Park area to be used for cemetery purposes. [38] Proponents of the initiative to build at the original ARDA site submitted a reported 19,758 signatures to put the initiative on the November 2020 ballot. [39] In May 2020, Irvine City Council voted 4-1 to adopt the initiative as ordinance, designating the ARDA site as the only site in the Great Park area for cemetery uses. [40]

Presidential candidacy

In 1992, Agran unsuccessfully sought the Democratic Party nomination for president. Agran was generally ignored by the media during his candidacy, a topic heavily covered in the 1995 Brian Springer documentary Spin . [41] The media did not report his polling numbers even as he met or exceeded the support of other candidates such as Jerry Brown.[ citation needed ] Party officials excluded him from most debates on various grounds, even having him arrested when he interrupted to ask to participate. When he managed to join the other candidates in a forum, his ideas went unreported.[ citation needed ]

Despite holding only a local office and being unknown outside California, in a poll on January 22, 1992, he tied with two well-known national politicians: Senator Tom Harkin of Iowa and the former governor of his home state, Jerry Brown. [42]

According to Carole Florman, organizer of the Global Warming Leadership Forum in Tallahassee in February (in which Agran participated), "the audience was more enthusiastic about Larry Agran than about Bill Clinton". [43]

Agran performed poorly in the New Hampshire primary, but did pick up modest support[ vague ] in later primaries as a protest candidate with appeal to those unhappy with the other candidates[ citation needed ]. He received three votes at the 1992 Democratic National Convention.

Agran was excluded from every television debate, along with some other minor candidates, such as Eugene McCarthy.[ citation needed ] [44]

Electoral history

Municipal

City Council, 2020

  • Tammy Kim – 43,744 (14.8%) (elected)
  • Mike Carroll – 38,615 (13.1%) (elected)
  • Larry Agran – 38,156 (12.9%) (elected)
  • Lauren Johnson-Norris – 37,931 (12.8%)
  • John Park – 32,521 (11.0%)
  • Carrie O'Malley – 27,440 (9.3%)
  • Mark Newgent – 15,894 (5.4%)
  • Diana Jiang – 14,837 (5.0%)
  • Laura Bratton – 10,305 (3.5%)
  • Dylan Green – 8,814 (3.0%)
  • Christina Dillard – 8,321 (2.8%)
  • Anshul Garg – 6,420 (2.2%)
  • Abigail Pole – 6,406 (2.2%)
  • Hai Yang Liang – 5,944 (2.0%)

City Council, 2014

  • Lynn Schott – 16,814 (22.9%) (elected)
  • Jeffrey Lalloway – 16,749 (22.8%) (elected)
  • Melissa Fox – 16,539 (22.5%)
  • Larry Agran – 14,403 (19.6%)
  • Evan Chemers – 8,966 (12.2%)

Mayor of Irvine, 2012

  • Steven S. Choi – 32,505 (45.7%) (elected)
  • Larry Agran – 28,741 (40.4%)
  • Katherine Daigle – 9,951 (13.9%)

Note: Larry Agran continued to serve on Irvine City Council as Councilmember through 2014

City Council, 2010

  • Larry Agran – 22,206 (23.6%) (elected)
  • Jeffrey Lalloway – 20,959 (22.3%) (elected)
  • Lynn Schott – 18,630 (19.8%)
  • Shiva Farivar – 17,657 (18.8%)
  • Chris Moore – 8,259 (8.8%)
  • Bijan Mazarji – 3,327 (3.5%)
  • Yunus Aksoy – 3,037 (3.2%)

City Council, 2008

  • Beth Krom – 36,924 (19.5%) (elected)
  • Steven S. Choi – 28,886 (15.3%) (elected)
  • Larry Agran – 28,157 (14.9%) (elected)
  • Margie Wakeham – 22,669 (12.0%)
  • Todd Gallinger – 22,423 (11.9%)
  • Patrick A. Rodgers – 22,093 (11.7%)
  • Eric Johnson – 11,022 (5.8%)
  • Bea Foster – 10,877 (5.8%)
  • Ruby Young – 3,697 (2.0%)
  • Paris Merriam – 2,354 (1.2%)

Note: 3rd runner up elected to a two-year term for purpose of filling vacancy created by Sukhee Kang’s election to Mayor

City Council, 2004

  • Larry Agran – 25,210 (16.9%) (elected)
  • Steven S. Choi – 25,052 (16.8%) (elected)
  • Sukhee Kang – 24,642 (16.5%)
  • Debbie Coven – 24,261 (16.2%)
  • Mike House – 22,561 (15.1%)
  • Greg Smith – 22,326 (14.9%)
  • Mohsen Alinaghian – 5,336 (3.6%)

Mayor of Irvine, 2002

  • Larry Agran – 19,886 (53.4%) (elected)
  • Mike House – 17,358 (46.6%)

Mayor of Irvine, 2000

  • Larry Agran – 34,905 (100.0%) (elected unopposed)

City Council, 1998

  • Larry Agran – 14,434 (22.4%) (elected)
  • Greg Smith – 13,004 (20.2%) (elected)
  • Ned E. Kassouf – 10,452 (16.3%)
  • Carolyn McInerney – 10,422 (16.2%)
  • George Michael Gallagher – 6,655 (10.3%)
  • Don Irvine – 4,662 (7.2%)
  • Jack Wu – 2,902 (4.5%)
  • Savvas Roditis – 1,776 (2.8%)

Mayor of Irvine, 1990

  • Sally Anne Sheridan – 14,256 (51.2%) (elected)
  • Larry Agran – 13,584 (48.8%)

Mayor of Irvine, 1988

  • Larry Agran – 15,651 (57.0%) (elected)
  • Barry J. Hammond – 8,707 (31.7%)
  • Hal Maloney – 3,111 (11.3%)

Note: first directly elected Mayor of Irvine

City Council, 1986

  • Larry Agran – 11,056 (27.9%) (elected)
  • Ed Dornan – 10,737 (27.1%) (elected)
  • Tom Jones – 5,513 (13.9%)
  • Hal Maloney – 5,221 (13.2%)
  • Jean Hobart – 2,822 (7.1%)
  • Mary Aileen Matheis – 1,543 (3.9%)
  • Gary Steven Bennett – 669 (1.7%)
  • Scott Wellman – 607 (1.5%)
  • Anthony R. Korba – 551 (1.4%)
  • Betsy Scherr – 551 (1.4%)
  • Clarence P. Becwar – 351 (0.9%)

City Council, 1988

  • Larry Agran – 8,696 (27.5%) (elected)
  • Barbara Wiener – 8,295 (26.2%) (elected)
  • John Nakaoka – 5,875 (18.6%)
  • Edward A. Dornan – 5,567 (17.6%)
  • Bill Pozzi – 2,083 (6.6%)
  • Marjorie Keiser – 1,142 (3.6%)

City Council, 1978

  • Larry Agran – 2,742 (22.7%) (elected)
  • Arthur W. Anthony – 2,423 (20.0%) (elected)
  • Ellen G. Freund – 1,885 (15.6%) (elected)
  • Robert L. “Bob” Moore – 1,859 (15.4%)
  • C. Larry Hoffman – 1,818 (15.0%)
  • Vivian Hall – 1,206 (10.0%)
  • David Warren – 61 (0.5%)
  • Jerry Shaw – 55 (0.5%)
  • Carol Effenberger – 49 (0.4%)

Note: Offices in Irvine are formally nonpartisan.

Presidential

1992 Democratic National Convention (delegates)

1992 United States presidential election (Democratic primary) [45]

Including write-in candidates.

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Irvine Councilman Larry Agran Announces Mayoral Campaign". Irvine Community News and Views. May 2, 2023. Retrieved September 28, 2023.
  2. ↑ Paulson, Wendy; Teeboom, Leon (June 7, 1990). "Election Night Wore On and On in Irvine". Los Angeles Times.
  3. ↑ "Reuben Agran's Obituary on Los Angeles Times". legacy.com. Retrieved December 31, 2016.
  4. ↑ Venant, Elizabeth (September 16, 1991). "Larry Who? Former Irvine Mayor Has Set His Sights on the White House".
  5. 1 2 Kling, Rob; Olin, Spencer C.; Poster, Mark (1991). "Designing the Model Community: The Irvine Company and Suburban Development, 1950-88". Postsuburban California: The Transformation of Orange County since World War II. Berkeley (Calif.) Los Angeles (Calif.) Oxford: University of California Press. pp. 77–82. ISBN   978-0-520-06716-5.
  6. 1 2 3 Municipal Election History 1971 to Present (Report). Irvine City Clerk's Office. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  7. ↑ Democratic Left, vol. 8 no. 1 (January 1990), page 7.
  8. ↑ Leffel, Benjamin (November 12, 2018). "Animus of the Underling: Theorizing City Diplomacy in a World Society". The Hague Journal of Diplomacy. 13 (4): 502–522. doi: 10.1163/1871191X-13040025 .
  9. ↑ Leffel, Benjamin (May 11, 2020). "How Irvine gave rise to the world's largest environmental city government network". University of California, Irvine.Benjamin Leffel (January 10, 2020). "ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability: The origin story". Archived from the original on December 12, 2021 – via YouTube.
  10. ↑ Kale Roberts (September 4, 2020). "Three Decades of Sustainability: ICLEI at 30 Enters Next 'Decade of Local Action'". icleiusa.org.
  11. ↑ "Center for Innovative Diplomacy Archive". University of California, Irvine.
  12. ↑ "ICLEI – International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives". University of California, Irvine.
  13. 1 2 Carlton, Jim (June 15, 1988). "Irvine Law to Shield Gays, Others From Bias Gets Initial OK". LA Times. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  14. ↑ "Values and Victories : Family: Christina and Michael Shea say traditional values, not prejudice, motivated their leadership of Measure N. The momentum of victory and a possible political race are clearly on their minds". LA Times. November 12, 1989. Retrieved September 4, 2020.,Shea, Christina (October 22, 1989). "Commentary : Irvine's Human Rights Ordinance : Yes: Passage of Measure N would put an end to special rights for homosexuals and lesbians". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  15. ↑ Brazil, Ben (July 15, 2020). "Irvine repeals initiative that denied the LGBTQ community anti-discrimination protection for decades". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  16. ↑ Morrison, Matt (July 19, 1989). "Frustrated by Global Efforts, City Fights Ozone on Its Own". The New York Times. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  17. ↑ Poon, Linda (November 9, 2018). "How One City Kickstarted the Ozone's Recovery". Bloomberg CityLab. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  18. ↑ "Agran page at Irvine city government". April 30, 2015.
  19. ↑ Pierceall, Kimberly (March 14, 2013). "Ken Smith talks of his vision for the Great Park". Orange County Register. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  20. ↑ "Cirque du Soleil returns to Great Park". Orange County Register. November 15, 2013. Retrieved September 7, 2020.
  21. ↑ Loose, Terence (July 28, 2011). "A Great Park, Already". Orange County Register. Retrieved September 7, 2020.
  22. ↑ "Solar Decathlon 2015 returns to the Orange County Great Park" . Retrieved September 7, 2020.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Elaine M. Howle (August 9, 2016). Poor Governance of the $1.7 Million Review of the Orange County Great Park Needlessly Compromised the Review's Credibility (PDF) (Report).
  24. ↑ Custodio, Spencer (March 27, 2019). "State Looks to Revoke Irvine Great Park Auditors' Licenses in Beefed up Complaint". Voice of OC. Retrieved September 7, 2020.
  25. ↑ Robinson, Alicia (January 30, 2020). "Great Park audit firm gives up accounting license, charged $550,000 in penalties by state". OC Register. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  26. ↑ Petersen, Carl (June 4, 2015). "General Municipal Election - November 5, 2024". City of Irvine. Retrieved September 28, 2023.
  27. 1 2 Biesiada, Noah (December 6, 2022). "Irvine City Councilman Resigns for a Week To Skirt Term Limit Rules" . Retrieved September 28, 2023.
  28. ↑ Foxhall, Emily (November 5, 2014). "Irvine voters oust Larry Agran, a decades-long fixture". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved September 28, 2023.
  29. ↑ Farzan, Yusra (December 6, 2022). "Larry Agran resigns, temporarily, from the Irvine City Council". The Orange County Register . Retrieved September 28, 2023.
  30. ↑ "Irvine City Council Video and Minutes". City of Irvine. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  31. ↑ Concept Plan Southern California Veterans Cemetery (PDF) (Report). CalVet. June 2016. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  32. ↑ Custodio, Spencer (April 24, 2017). "Developer Sends Veterans Cemetery Proposal to Irvine City Council". Voice of OC. Retrieved September 7, 2020.
  33. ↑ Custodio, Spencer (June 11, 2017). "Divided Irvine City Council moves veterans cemetery land swap forward". Daily Pilot. Retrieved September 7, 2020.
  34. ↑ Shimura, Tomoya. "New Plans For an OC Veterans Cemetery?". OC Register. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  35. ↑ Custodio, Spencer (June 12, 2018). "New Plans For an OC Veterans Cemetery?". Voice of OC. Retrieved March 31, 2019.
  36. ↑ "Irvine Voters Overwhelmingly Reject Measure B". Irvine Community News and Views. June 2018. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  37. ↑ "Veterans Cemetery Location in Irvine Still Unclear". Voice of OC. July 11, 2018. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  38. ↑ "Irvine citizens gathering signatures for initiative campaign to build Veterans Memorial Park & Cemetery". Irvine Community News and Views. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  39. ↑ Robinson, Alicia (March 23, 2020). "Petitions filed for Irvine veterans cemetery's second go at the ballot". OC Register. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  40. ↑ Robinson, Alicia (May 13, 2020). "Irvine council avoids more campaigning on veteran cemetery locations, reverts to original spot". OC Register. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
  41. ↑ "Spin (documentary) by Brian Springer". Archived from the original on December 4, 2002. Retrieved June 19, 2008.
  42. ↑ Meyrowitz, Joshua (March–April 1992). "The Press Rejects a Candidate". Columbia Journalism Review. Archived from the original on January 1, 2008. Retrieved December 31, 2016.
  43. ↑ City of Irvine Website – Larry Agran Archived October 11, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  44. ↑ Joshua Meyrowitz (March 1, 1992). "The press rejects a candidate". (coverage of presidential candidate Larry Agran). Columbia Journalism Review .
  45. ↑ "Our Campaigns - US President - D Primaries Race - Feb 01, 1992". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved December 31, 2016.
Larry Agran
Larry Agran, 2020.jpg
Mayor of Irvine, California
In office
November 7, 2000 –December 14, 2004
Democratic Party
Republican Party
Independent
Other independent and third-party candidates
Libertarian Party
Natural Law Party
Nominee
John Hagelin
VP nominee
Mike Tompkins
New Alliance Party
Nominee
Lenora Fulani
VP nominee
Maria Elizabeth Muñoz
Prohibition Party
Nominee
Earl Dodge
VP nominee
George Ormsby
Socialist Party USA
Nominee
J. Quinn Brisben
VP nominee
Barbara Garson
Socialist Workers Party
Nominee
James Warren
VP nominee
Willie Mae Reid
U.S. Taxpayers Party
Workers World Party
Nominee
Gloria La Riva
VP nominee
Larry Holmes
Independents and other candidates
Other 1992 elections
House
Senate
Gubernatorial
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