Fiji has a unified national police force, the Fiji Police Force (FPF), whose motto is Salus Populi meaning "the welfare of the people".
Fiji has a unified national police force, the Fiji Police Force (FPF), whose motto is Salus Populi meaning "the welfare of the people".
The Armed Native Constabulary (ANC) was formed by Governor Arthur Hamilton Gordon when he renamed the Native Regiment to the Armed Native Constabulary to lessen its appearance of being a military force in the aftermath of the Little War. [1] The first officers of this force were appointed by a notice in the Royal Gazette dated on October 10, 1874. The Aide-de-camp (ADC) to the Governor, Royal Marine Lieutenant Henry Olive was appointed to be the Superintendent of the police, despite not having experience in performing or managing policing duties. The ANC was described as a military force, not a Police Force, but it was always commanded by a police officer. There were four different classes of police at that time, which were:
The Armed Native Constabulary was the first government Department to move and transfer its headquarters to Suva, after the Governor and his staff left Levuka at midnight on October 30, 1882 and traveled by ship to Suva. The ANC moved into the Suva Police Station. The Armed Native Constabulary was mobilized during the Tuka Rebellions in 1894 by Governor John Bates Thurston to destroy the certain towns in the highlands of Vanua Levu and their religious relics after local villagers began re-engaging with their traditional religion. Tribal Leaders were imprisoned and the villagers were either exiled or forced to amalgamate into government-run communities. [2] The Armed Native Constabulary was reported to be abolished in 1906, but Gravelle indicates that they were mobilized again in 1915 to arrest Apolosi Nawai and his followers, after Apolosi spearheaded the Fijian Tuka resistance by founding Viti Kabani, a co-operative company that would legally monopolize the agricultural sector and boycott European planters. [3] [4]
The Police Act of 1965, that was commenced on January 1, 1966, renamed the police force in Fiji to the Royal Fiji Police Force (RFPF). [5] [6] [7] On June 15, 1967, ROY T.M. Henry came from Sarawak to take over as the Commissioner of Police in Fiji, where he served for six years until it became independent. [8] In a report dated as being from 1967, under the heading Recruitment and Training, it was recorded that for the first time that there was a significant increase in the academic achievements of Police recruits. In addition to offering a recruit course, the Fiji Police Academy offered leadership courses for constables, a fingerprinting course, and anti-burglary course were also held. Other island territories, specifically Gilbert Islands (now Kiribati), the New Hebrides (now Vanuatu), the Solomon Islands, and Tonga, sent officers and men to the Fiji Police Academy for police training during 1960s. In the 1960s, the Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) and the Methodist Church began encouraging the Colonial Government to recognize the status of women, which helped establish the idea of recruiting policewomen in Fiji. In December of 1968, the colonial government agreed to organize a program that would recruit women into a police organization known as the Special Constabulary. The government had not explicitly stated what role women would play in the organization; as well as if and when they should be fully integrated into the Fiji Police. In 1968, the first eight women were recruited to form the Special Constabulary, who were:
The Special Constabulary continued to serve in that capacity until mid 1970s, after the Government yielded to pressure and decided to admit that women as an integral part of the Police Force. Six Special Constables were selected with seven other individuals to create the first batch of thirteen women recruits to undertake the recruit course to join the RFPF. After Fiji gained it's independence from the United Kingdom on October 10, 1970, control over the police was transferred to the Fijian Minister for Home Affairs. [9]
On September 25, 1987, following a prior coup d'état that happened on May 14, 1987, a second coup d'état happened, which both were led by Lieutenant Colonel Sitiveni Rabuka. [10] [11] On October 5 or 6, 1987, Fiji was declared a Republic, which ended the English monarchy's rule of Fiji. The Commonwealth of Nations held a meeting in Vancouver and the heads of the Commonwealth governments moved to expel Fiji from the Commonwealth of Nations. The impact on the police force was that the word royal was removed, leaving it as the Fiji Police Force. [12]
The Fijian Commissioner of Police title had been held by Australian police officer Andrew Hughes since 2003 but after the 2006 takeover of the Government the post has been reserved for a local (Ioane Naivaluru [13] a). The current Fijian Commissioner of Police is Brigadier Sitiveni Qiliho.
The "Fiji Police Force Annual Report between August 2020 - July 2021" states that the organization of the FPF consists of the following: [14]
The Commissioner is appointed in accordance with the Constitution of Fiji, chapter 7, part 4, section 111. Section 111 establishes the office of Commissioner of Police. This official is appointed by the Constitutional Offices Commission, following consultation with the appropriate Cabinet Minister. The Commissioner of Police holds executive and administrative authority over the entire police force and is answerable only to the Minister in charge. Parliament may, however, make laws regulating the police force.
Fiji has a single local police force, on Rabi Island.
The FPF is divided into various squads and units including: [15]
| Fiji Police ranks and insignia | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank (unknown-Present) | Commissioner | Deputy commissioner | Assistant commissioner | Senior superintendent | Superintendent | Assistant superintendent | Inspector | Sergeant major | Sergeant | Corporal | Constable | ||
| Epaulette insignia |  |  |  | |  |  |  | |  | |  | ||
| Rank (1968-unknown) | Commissioner | Deputy commissioner | Assistant commissioner | Senior superintendent | Superintendent | Deputy superintendent | Assistant superintendent | Senior inspector | Inspector | Sergeant major | Sergeant | Corporal | Constable |
| Epaulette insignia | | |  | | | |  | |  | | | | |
| Rank (Before 1968) | Commissioner | Deputy commissioner | Assistant commissioner | Senior superintendent | Superintendent | Deputy superintendent | Assistant superintendent | Inspector | Sub inspector | Sergeant major | Sergeant | Corporal | Constable |
| Epaulette insignia | | | | | | | | | | | | | |