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League of Communists of Slovenia Zveza komunistov Slovenije Savez komunista Slovenije | |
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Leader | President of the League of Communists of Slovenia |
Founded | 18 April 1937 |
Dissolved | 29 May 1993 |
Succeeded by | United List of Social Democrats (ZLSD) |
Headquarters | Ljubljana, SR Slovenia, Yugoslavia |
Ideology | Communism Marxism-Leninism Titoism Democratic socialism (after 1989) |
Political position | Left-wing to far-left |
National affiliation | League of Communists of Yugoslavia |
Colours | Red |
Party flag | |
Slovenian branch of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia |
The League of Communists of Slovenia (Slovene : Zveza komunistov Slovenije, ZKS; Serbo-Croatian : Savez komunista Slovenije) was the Slovenian branch of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, the sole legal party of Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1990. It was established in April 1937 as the Communist Party of Slovenia and was the first autonomous sub-national branch of the federal party. Its initial autonomy was further amplified with the Yugoslav constitution of 1974, which devolved greater power to the various republic level branches.
In 1989 Slovenia passed amendments to its constitution that asserted its sovereignty over the federation, its right to secede and set foundations to a multi-party system. These amendments were bitterly opposed by the leadership of Serbia under Slobodan Milošević. On 23 January 1990, the Slovene delegation, headed by Milan Kučan, left the Party Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, leading to the collapse of the all-Yugoslav party.
On 4 February 1990 the League of Communists of Slovenia changed its name to the League of Communists of Slovenia – Party of Democratic Renewal (Zveza komunistov Slovenije – Stranka demokratične prenove, ZKS-SDP), and shortly afterwards began negotiations with the Democratic Opposition of Slovenia for the establishment of a multi-party system. In April 1990, the reformed Communists lost the elections to the DEMOS coalition. In 1992, they ceased to be the largest left wing party and entered a period of radical transformation, which gained momentum with the election of Borut Pahor as the party chairman. The same year, the party was renamed to Social Democratic Renewal (Socialdemokratska prenova, SDP). On 29 May 1993 they merged with several other left-wing parties into the United List of Social Democrats (ZLSD), later renamed to the Social Democrats (SD). [1]
Other influential leaders
Election | Candidate | 1st round | 2nd round | Result | ||
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Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
1990 | Milan Kučan | 538,278 | 44.43 | 657,196 | 58.59 | Won |
1992 | 795,012 | 63.93 | Won |
Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Government |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | Ciril Ribičič | 186,928 | 17.3 (#1) | 14 / 80 | 14 | Opposition |
1992 | 161,349 | 13.6 (#3) | 14 / 90 | Coalition |
The history of Slovenia chronicles the period of the Slovenian territory from the 5th century BC to the present. In the Early Bronze Age, Proto-Illyrian tribes settled an area stretching from present-day Albania to the city of Trieste. The Slovenian territory was part of the Roman Empire, and it was devastated by the Migration Period's incursions during late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages. The main route from the Pannonian plain to Italy ran through present-day Slovenia. Alpine Slavs, ancestors of modern-day Slovenians, settled the area in the late 6th Century AD. The Holy Roman Empire controlled the land for nearly 1,000 years, and between the mid-14th century and 1918 most of Slovenia was under Habsburg rule. In 1918, most Slovene territory became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, and in 1929 the Drava Banovina was created within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia with its capital in Ljubljana, corresponding to Slovenian-majority territories within the state. The Socialist Republic of Slovenia was created in 1945 as part of federal Yugoslavia. Slovenia gained its independence from Yugoslavia in June 1991, and today it is a member of the European Union and NATO.
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