President of the League of Communists of Montenegro

"Secretary of the League of Communists of Montenegro" redirects here. For the article on the administrative office that existed from 1966 to 1991, see Secretary of the Presidency of the League of Communists of Montenegro.

President of the League of Communists of Montenegro
Serbo-Croatian: Predsjednik Saveza komunista Crne Gore
Emblems of the LCY
Longest serving Blažo Jovanović 7 October 1948 – 29 June 1963
Type	Party leader
Member of	LCY Presidency and SRM Presidency
Appointer	Central Committee
Term length	Two years, non-renewable (1982–1991)
Constituting instrument	LCY Charter & LCM Charter
Formation	7 October 1948
First holder	Blažo Jovanović
Final holder	Momir Bulatović
Abolished	22 June 1991

The president was the leader of the League of Communists of Montenegro (LCM), the ruling party of the Socialist Republic of Montenegro (SRM) in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Party rules stipulated that the LCM Central Committee elected the president. Moreover, the Central Committee was empowered to remove the president. The president served ex officio as a member of the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (LCY) and of the SRM Presidency. To be eligible to serve, the president had to be a member of the Presidency of the LCM Central Committee. The 8th LCM Congress instituted a two-year term limits for officeholders.

The office traces its lineage back to the office of "Secretary of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in Montenegro," established on 4 April 1920. This body had no distinct rights and was under the jurisdiction of the Yugoslav Central Committee. On 4 October 1948, the LCY convened the founding congress of the Communist Party of Montenegro. On 7 October, the Central Committee of the 1st Congress elected Blažo Jovanović as "Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Montenegro". The LCY 6th Congress on 2–7 November 1952, renamed the party League of Communists, and the Montenegrin republican branch followed suit and changed its name to League of Communists of Montenegro. On 4 October 1966, the 5th Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the LCY 8th Congress abolished the office of General Secretary at the national level and replaced with the office of President. The LCM Central Committee convened a meeting later in 1966 in which the office of secretary was abolished, and the "President of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Montenegro" was formed. The reforms passed by the LCY Central Committee plenum strengthened the powers of the republican branches and gave more powers to the Montenegrin party leader. The 8th LCM Congress introduced another set of reforms on 1 July 1982, which abolished the existing office and replaced it with the "President of the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Montenegro". This office was retained until 22 June 1991, when the party changed its name to the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro.

Office history

Title	Established	Abolished	Established by
Secretary of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia for Montenegro Serbo-Croatian : Sekretar Pokrajinskog komiteta Komunističke partije Jugoslavije za Crne Gore	23 April 1919	2 August 1937	1st Congress of the Socialist Labour Party of Yugoslavia (Communists)
Secretary of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Montenegro Serbo-Croatian: Sekretar Centralnog komiteta Saveza komunista Crne Gore	2 August 1937	14 November 1966	1st Congress of the Communist Party of Montenegro
President of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Montenegro Serbo-Croatian: Predsjednik Centralnog komiteta Saveza komunista Crne Gore	14 November 1966	1 July 1982	7th Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the 4th Congress
President of the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Montenegro Serbo-Croatian: Predsjednik Predsedništva Centralnog komiteta Saveza komunista Crne Gore	1 July 1982	24 February 1991	8th Congress of the League of Communists of Montenegro

Officeholders

Provincial

Secretaries of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia for Montenegro

No.	Portrait	Name	Took office	Left office	Term of office	Birth	PM	Death	Ref.
1		Jovan Tomašević	4 April 1920	24 February 1924	3 years, 326 days	1892	1919	1924	[1]
2		Stanko Dragojević	24 February 1924	Late 1924	281 days	1893	1919	1933	[2]
3		Aleksa Pavićević	Late 1924	November 1925	1 year, 203 days	1896	1919	?	[3]
4		Nikola Kovačević	November 1925	20 February 1928	2 years, 111 days	1890	1920	1964	[4]
5		Nisa Milanović	21 October 1928	31 July 1929	283 days	1894	1920	?	[5]
6		Adolf Muk	July 1930	October 1930	92 days	1893	1919	1943	[6]
7		Božo Ljumović	October 1932	30 August 1934	1 year, 333 days	1896	1919	1986	[7]
8		Nikola Lekić	30 August 1934	July 1936	1 year, 306 days	1909	1931	1941	[8]
7		Božo Ljumović	9 August 1940	1942	1 year, 296 days	1907	1924	1976	[7]
9		Blažo Jovanović	May 1943	7 October 1948	5 years, 159 days	1907	1924	1976	[9]

Republican

Presidents of the League of Communists of Montenegro

No.	Portrait	Name	Took office	Left office	Tenure	Term of office	Birth	PM	Death	Ref.
1		Blažo Jovanović	7 October 1948	29 June 1963	14 years, 265 days	1st–3rd (1948–1965)	1907	1924	1976	[9]
2		Đorđije Pajković	29 June 1963	14 December 1968	5 years, 168 days	3rd–4th (1959–1968)	1917	1936	1980	[10]
3		Veselin Đuranović	14 December 1968	21 March 1977	8 years, 97 days	5th–6th (1968–1978)	1925	1944	1997	[11]
4		Vojislav Srzentić	21 March 1977	1 July 1982	5 years, 102 days	6th–7th (1974–1982)	1934	1952	Alive	[12]
5		Dobroslav Ćulafić	1 July 1982	May 1984	1 year, 305 days	8th (1982–1986)	1926	1944	2011	[13]
6		Vidoje Žarković	May 1984	30 July 1984	90 days	8th (1982–1986)	1927	1943	2000	[14]
7		Marko Orlandić	30 July 1984	23 April 1986	1 year, 267 days	8th (1982–1986)	1930	1948	2019	[15]
8		Miljan Radović	23 April 1986	12 January 1989	2 years, 264 days	9th (1986–1989)	1933	1951	2015	[16]
9		Veselin Vukotić	12 January 1989	26 April 1989	104 days	9th (1986–1989)	1949	?	Alive	[17]
10		Milica Pejanović	26 April 1989	28 April 1989	2 days	9th (1986–1989)	1959	?	Alive	[18]
11		Momir Bulatović	28 April 1989	22 June 1991	2 years, 55 days	10th (1989–1991)	1956	?	2019	[19]

References

1. Djukanović 2023, pp. 364–365; Hronologija 1 1980, p. 87 sfnm error: no target: CITEREFHronologija_11980 (help).
2. Ćetković, Borivoje. "Vatreni borac za slobodu, istinu i socijalnu pravdu" [A fiery fighter for freedom, truth and social justice]. Dan (in Montenegrin). Archived from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
3. Hronologija 1 1980, p. 151 sfnm error: no target: CITEREFHronologija_11980 (help).
4. Hronologija 1 1980, p. 165 sfnm error: no target: CITEREFHronologija_11980 (help); Parliament of Montenegro 2023.
5. Tito 1982a, p. 301; Hronologija 1 1980, pp. 172 & 203 sfnm error: no target: CITEREFHronologija_11980 (help).
6. Tito 1980, p. 158; Hronologija 1 1980, p. 203 sfnm error: no target: CITEREFHronologija_11980 (help).
7. Vukićević 2021, p. 130; Hronologija 1 1980, p. 203 sfnm error: no target: CITEREFHronologija_11980 (help).
8. Tito 1982b, p. 305 sfnm error: no target: CITEREFTito1982b (help); Hronologija 1 1980, p. 220 sfnm error: no target: CITEREFHronologija_11980 (help).
9. Staff writer 1966, p. 234. sfn error: no target: CITEREFStaff_writer1966 (help)
10. Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 456.
11. Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 127; Stroynowski 1989a, p. 244.
12. Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 581; Stroynowski 1989c, p. 1105.
13. Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 113; Stroynowski 1989a, p. 206.
14. Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 696; Stroynowski 1989c, p. 1342.
15. "Preminuo Marko Orlandić" [Marko Orlandić passed away] (in Serbian). Radio Television of Serbia. 20 December 2019. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
16. Stroynowski 1989b, p. 968.
17. "Hayek Lifetime Achievement Award 2021 – An Austrian in the Balkans" (in German and English). Hayek Institut. Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
18. Morrison 2018, p. 37.
19. Morrison 2018, p. 37; Djukanović 2023, p. 57.

Bibliography

Books

• Djokić, Dejan (2023). A Concise History of Serbia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-1-107-02838-8.
• Djukanović, Bojka (2023). Historical Dictionary of Montenegro. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN   9781538139158.
• Lewytzkyj, Borys; Stroynowski, Juliusz, eds. (1978). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN   3-7940-3017-6.
• Morrison, Kenneth (2018). Nationalism, Identity and Statehood in Post-Yugoslav Montenegro. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN   9781474235204.
• Staff writer, ed. (1969). Šesta sjednica Republičke konferencije SSRN BiH[The Sixth Session of the Republican Conference of the SSRN BiH] (in Serbo-Croatian). Centar za političko informisanje i dokumentaciju.
• Staff writer (1986). Directory of Yugoslav officials: A Reference Aid. Reference aid. University of Michigan. Archived from the original on 25 May 2023.
• Stallaerts, Robert (2010). Historical Dictionary of Croatia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN   9780810873636.
• Stroynowski, Juliusz, ed. (1989a). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries of Europe: A–H. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN   3-598-10719-6.
• Stroynowski, Juliusz, ed. (1989b). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries of Europe: I–O. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN   3-598-10719-6.
• Stroynowski, Juliusz, ed. (1989c). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries of Europe: P–Z. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN   3-598-10719-6.
• Tadić, Aleksandar (1968). Pali za lepša svitanja: Majke heroja pričaju[Lights For More Beautiful dawns: Mothers of Heroes Talk] (in Serbo-Croatian). Međunarodna štampa-Interpress.
• Tito, Josip Broz (1980). The Party of the Revolution: Fifth Conference of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, 1940. Socialist Thought and Practice.
• Tito, Josip Broz (1982a). Damjanović, Pero; Vujošević, Ubavka (eds.). Sabrana djela[Selected Works] (in Serbo-Croatian). Vol. 3. Komunist.
• Tito, Josip Broz (198b). Damjanović, Pero; Vujošević, Ubavka (eds.). Sabrana djela: Septembar 1939-Septembar 1940[Selected Works: September 1939 – September 1940] (in Serbo-Croatian). Komunist.
• Vukićević, Boris (2021). "Crnogorski Kadrovi U Diplomatskoj Službi Socijalističke Jugoslavije" [Montenegrin Personnel in the Diplomatic Service of Socialist Yugoslavia](PDF). Historical Records . Reference aid. 93. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 September 2023.
• Zalar, Charles, ed. (1961). Yugoslav Communism: A Critical Study. United States Government Printing Office. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023.

Websites

• "Nikola Kovačević" [Nikola Kovačević] (in Montenegrin). Parliament of Montenegro. Archived from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.