Leanchoilia

Leanchoilia Temporal range: Cambrian Stage 3–Middle Cambrian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Leanchoilia superlata
Reconstruction of Leanchoilia superlata
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	† Megacheira
Order:	† Leanchoilida Størmer, 1944
Family:	† Leanchoiliidae Raymond, 1935
Genus:	† Leanchoilia Walcott, 1912
Type species
†Leanchoilia superlata Walcott, 1912
Other species
†Leanchoilia illecebrosa(Hou, 1987) †Leanchoilia obesaHe et al., 2017 †Leanchoilia persephoneSimonetta, 1970 †Leanchoilia protogoniaSimonetta, 1970 †Leanchoilia robisoniBabcock et al., 2012 †Leanchoilia? hanceyiBriggs et al., 2008 (but see text)
Synonyms
Synonyms of Leanchoilia BidentiaWalcott, 1912 DianchiaLuo & Hu, 1997 ZhongxiniaLuo & Hu, 1997 ApiocephalusLuo & Hu, 1999 Synonyms of L. superlata Bidentia difficilisWalcott, 1912 Emeraldella micruraWalcott, 1912 Leanchoilia amphictionSimonetta, 1970 Leanchoilia majorWalcott, 1931 Synonyms of L. illecebrosa Alalcomenaeus ? illecebrosusHou, 1987 Dianchia mirabilisLuo & Hu, 1997 Leancholilia asiaticaLuo & Hu, 1997 Yohoia siniensisLuo & Hu, 1997 Zhongxinia speciosaLuo & Hu, 1997 Apiocephalus elegansLuo & Hu, 1999

Leanchoilia is a megacheiran marine arthropod known from Cambrian deposits of the Burgess Shale in Canada and the Chengjiang biota of China. ^[1]

Description

Restoration of Leanchoilia superlata

L. superlata was about 5 centimetres (2.0 in) long and had long, whip-like flagellae extending from its great appendages. Its internal organs are occasionally preserved within the substrate in three dimensions. ^{[2] [3]} Their two pairs of eyes are protected and covered by their exterior head shields, with two eyes being located on each side. ^{[4] [5]}

Species

Seven species are tentatively accepted today: L. superlata (the type species), L. persephone and L. protogonia from the Burgess Shale, L. illecebrosa and L. obesa from the Chengjiang biota, ''L. robisoni from Kaili, and L.? hanceyi from the Spence Shale. L. superlata and L. persephone may however be examples of sexual dimorphism. ^{[6] [7] [8]}

Distribution

55 specimens of Leanchoilia are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise 0.1% of the community. ^[9]

See also

• Paleobiota of the Burgess Shale
• List of Chengjiang Biota species by phylum

References

1. "Burgess Shale: Leanchoilia superlata (an arthropod)". Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History . Retrieved 6 July 2017.
2. Nicholas J. Butterfield (2002). "Leanchoilia guts and the interpretation of three-dimensional structures in Burgess Shale-type fossils" . Paleobiology . 28 (1): 155–171. Bibcode:2002Pbio...28..155B. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2002)028<0155:LGATIO>2.0.CO;2. S2CID   85606166.
3. Brigitte Schoenemann & Euan N. K. Clarkson (2012). "The eyes of Leanchoilia". Lethaia . 45 (4): 524–531. Bibcode:2012Letha..45..524S. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.2012.00313.x.
4. Schoenemann, B., & Clarkson, E. N. K. (2012). The eyes of Leanchoilia. Lethaia, 45(4), 524–531.
5. García-Bellido, D. C., & Collins, D. (2007). Reassessment of the Genus Leanchoilia(Arthropoda, Arachnomorpha) from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale, British Columbia, Canada. Palaeontology, 50(3), 693–709.
6. Diego C. García-Bellido & Desmond Collins (2007). "Reassessment of the genus Leanchoilia (Arthropoda, Arachnomorpha) from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale, British Columbia, Canada". Palaeontology . 50 (3): 693–709. Bibcode:2007Palgy..50..693G. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00649.x .
7. Liu, Yu; Hou, Xian-Guang; Bergström, J. (2007). "Chengjiang arthropod Leanchoilia illecebrosa (Hou, 1987) reconsidered". GFF . 129 (3): 263–272. Bibcode:2007GFF...129..263L. doi:10.1080/11035890701293263. S2CID   84150456.
8. He, Yu-Yang; Cong, Pei-Yun; Liu, Yu; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Hou, Xian-Guang (2017). "Telson morphology of Leanchoiliidae (Arthropoda: Megacheira) highlighted by a new Leanchoilia from the Cambrian Chengjiang biota". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology . 41 (4): 581–589. Bibcode:2017Alch...41..581H. doi:10.1080/03115518.2017.1320425. S2CID   90593555.
9. Caron, Jean-Bernard; Jackson, Donald A. (October 2006). "Taphonomy of the Greater Phyllopod Bed community, Burgess Shale". PALAIOS. 21 (5): 451–65. Bibcode:2006Palai..21..451C. doi:10.2110/palo.2003.P05-070R. JSTOR   20173022. S2CID   53646959.

External links

• "Leanchoilia superlata". Burgess Shale Fossil Gallery. Virtual Museum of Canada. 2011. Archived from the original on 2020-11-12.
• Media related to Leanchoilia at Wikimedia Commons
• Data related to Leanchoilia at Wikispecies
• Leanchoilia illecebrosa Ancient Arthropod from Chengjiang The Virtual Fossil Museum