Liostrea

Liostrea; Temporal range: 252–94 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N early Triassic - Cenomanian
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Bivalvia
Order:	Ostreida
Family:	Gryphaeidae
Subfamily:	† Gryphaeinae
Genus:	† Liostrea ; Douvillé, 1904

Last updated August 14, 2023

Liostrea is a genus of extinct oysters, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Gryphaeidae.^[1]

These fossils range from the early Triassic Period ^[2] to the Cenomanian Epoch of the late Cretaceous Period and were widely distributed geographically. They were encrusting organisms, attaching firmly to the substrate on their left shell, and were important Jurassic reef-forming organisms. The species L. erina^[3] and L. roemeri^[4] attached themselves to living ammonoids.

Liostrea formed abundant ostreoliths (concretions composed of encrusting organisms) on the hardgrounds of the Jurassic Carmel Formation in southwestern Utah.^[5]

Liostrea may be the earliest oyster lineage, with possible examples attached to ammonoids of the earliest Triassic. This suggests oysters emerged and rapidly diversified in the wake of the Permian-Triassic extinction event.^[2]

Selected species

L. erinad'Orbigny^[3]
L. oxianaRomer^[3]
L. plasticaTrautschold)^[3]
L. roemeriQuenstedt, 1843^[4]
L. saratoviensisIvanov 2001^[6]
L. volgensisIvanov 2001^[6]

Related Research Articles

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The Early Jurassic Epoch is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic Period. The Early Jurassic starts immediately after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event, 201.3 Ma, and ends at the start of the Middle Jurassic 174.7 ±0.8 Ma.

The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch of the Triassic Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between 237 Ma and 201.4 Ma. It is preceded by the Middle Triassic Epoch and followed by the Early Jurassic Epoch. The corresponding series of rock beds is known as the Upper Triassic. The Late Triassic is divided into the Carnian, Norian and Rhaetian ages.

The Carmel Formation is a geologic formation in the San Rafael Group that is spread across the U.S. states of Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, north east Arizona and New Mexico. Part of the Colorado Plateau, this formation was laid down in the Middle Jurassic during the late Bajocian, through the Bathonian and into the early Callovian stages.

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This list, 2018 in paleomalacology, is a list of new taxa of ammonites and other fossil cephalopods, as well as fossil gastropods, bivalves and other molluscs that are scheduled to be described during the year 2018, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to molluscan paleontology that are scheduled to occur in the year 2018.

This list 2019 in paleomalacology is a list of new taxa of ammonites and other fossil cephalopods, as well as fossil gastropods, bivalves and other molluscs that are scheduled to be described during the year 2019, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to molluscan paleontology that are scheduled to occur in the year 2019.

This list 2020 in paleomalacology is a list of new taxa of ammonites and other fossil cephalopods, as well as fossil gastropods, bivalves and other molluscs that are scheduled to be described during the year 2020, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to molluscan paleontology that are scheduled to occur in the year 2020.

This list of fossil molluscs described in 2021 is a list of new taxa of fossil molluscs that were described during the year 2021, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to molluscan paleontology that occurred in 2021.

This list of fossil molluscs described in 2022 is a list of new taxa of fossil molluscs that were described during the year 2022, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to molluscan paleontology that occurred in 2022.

This list of fossil molluscs described in 2023 is a list of new taxa of fossil molluscs that were described during the year 2023, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to molluscan paleontology that occurred in 2023.

References

↑ Vokes, Harold E. (1980). Genera of the Bivalvia: A Systematic and Bibliographic Catalogue. Paleontological Research Institute. ISBN 978-0877103783.
1 2 Hautmann, Michael; Ware, David; Bucher, Hugo (1 August 2017). "Geologically oldest oysters were epizoans on Early Triassic ammonoids". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 83 (3): 253–260. doi: 10.1093/mollus/eyx018 .
1 2 3 4 Ros-Franch, S.; Márquez-Aliaga, A.; Damborenea, S.E. (10 April 2014). "Comprehensive database on Induan (Lower Triassic) to Sinemurian (Lower Jurassic) marine bivalve genera and their paleobiogeographic record". Paleontological Contributions. 8: 1–219. doi:10.17161/PC.1808.13433. S2CID 82595160.
1 2 Zell, Patrick; Beckmann, Seija; Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang (September 2014). "Liostrea roemeri (Ostreida, Bivalvia) attached to Upper Jurassic ammonites of northeastern Mexico". Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments. 94 (3): 439–451. doi:10.1007/s12549-014-0154-z. S2CID 140573059.
↑ Wilson, Mark A.; Ozanne, Colin R.; Palmer, Timothy J. (February 1998). "Origin and Paleoecology of Free-Rolling Oyster Accumulations (Ostreoliths) in the Middle Jurassic of Southwestern Utah, USA". PALAIOS. 13 (1): 70. Bibcode:1998Palai..13...70W. doi:10.2307/3515282. JSTOR 3515282.
1 2 Ivanov, AV (1 Jan 2001). "New oysters of the genus Liostrea from the Santonian of the Lower Volga Region". Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal. 35 (1): 16–17. ISSN 0031-031X.

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[1] Vokes, Harold E. (1980). Genera of the Bivalvia: A Systematic and Bibliographic Catalogue. Paleontological Research Institute. ISBN 978-0877103783.

[HautmannEtal2017-2] 1 2 Hautmann, Michael; Ware, David; Bucher, Hugo (1 August 2017). "Geologically oldest oysters were epizoans on Early Triassic ammonoids". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 83 (3): 253–260. doi: 10.1093/mollus/eyx018 .

[RosFranchEtal2014-3] 1 2 3 4 Ros-Franch, S.; Márquez-Aliaga, A.; Damborenea, S.E. (10 April 2014). "Comprehensive database on Induan (Lower Triassic) to Sinemurian (Lower Jurassic) marine bivalve genera and their paleobiogeographic record". Paleontological Contributions. 8: 1–219. doi:10.17161/PC.1808.13433. S2CID 82595160.

[ZellEtal2014-4] 1 2 Zell, Patrick; Beckmann, Seija; Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang (September 2014). "Liostrea roemeri (Ostreida, Bivalvia) attached to Upper Jurassic ammonites of northeastern Mexico". Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments. 94 (3): 439–451. doi:10.1007/s12549-014-0154-z. S2CID 140573059.

[5] Wilson, Mark A.; Ozanne, Colin R.; Palmer, Timothy J. (February 1998). "Origin and Paleoecology of Free-Rolling Oyster Accumulations (Ostreoliths) in the Middle Jurassic of Southwestern Utah, USA". PALAIOS. 13 (1): 70. Bibcode:1998Palai..13...70W. doi:10.2307/3515282. JSTOR 3515282.

[IvanovEtal2001-6] 1 2 Ivanov, AV (1 Jan 2001). "New oysters of the genus Liostrea from the Santonian of the Lower Volga Region". Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal. 35 (1): 16–17. ISSN 0031-031X.

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