This article lists military spending in European countries by varying methods including as a percentage of GDP per capita and as a total capital expenditure as listed by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute unless otherwise stated or cited.
The share of total expenditure, the average defence spending was 2.5 % in 2021 in the EU and 2.4% in the euro area. As a share of GDP the average was 1.3% in the EU and in the euro area. [1]
Total defence expenditure of the European Defence Agency (EDA) Member States was €214 billion in 2021, which was 1.5% of the 26 EDA Member States’ GDP, the same percentage as in 2020. [2]
The European Defence Agency member state average spend on defence as a percentage of GDP was 1.5% in 2022. [2]
Rank (lowest first) | Country | Percentage of GDP expenditure, 2023 [3] |
---|---|---|
29 | Albania | 1.74% |
1 | Andorra | [a] |
49 | Armenia | 5.45% |
13 | Austria | 0.84% |
50 | Azerbaijan | 4.60% |
18 | Belarus | 1.80% |
16 | Belgium | 1.21% |
14 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.81% |
27 | Bulgaria | 1.85% |
41 | Croatia | 1.78% |
38 | Cyprus | 1.82% |
22 | Czech Republic | 1.52% |
24 | Denmark | 1.95% |
41 | Estonia | 2.87% |
35 | Finland | 2.42% |
39 | France | 2.06% |
25 | Georgia | 1.68% |
23 | Germany | 1.52% |
47 | Greece | 3.23% |
28 | Hungary | 2.13% |
5 | Iceland (2021) | 0.1% [1] [b] |
6 | Ireland | 0.22% |
34 | Italy | 1.61% |
10 | Kazakhstan | 0.48% |
15 | Kosovo | 1.25% |
40 | Latvia | 2.27% |
8 | Liechtenstein (assumed 2017) | 0.4% [6] [c] |
46 | Lithuania | 2.72% |
11 | Luxembourg | 0.75% |
9 | Malta | 0.56% |
7 | Moldova | 0.55% |
1 | Monaco | [d] |
31 | Montenegro | 1.63% |
29 | Netherlands | 1.53% |
31 | North Macedonia | 1.70% |
33 | Norway | 1.61% |
45 | Poland | 3.83% |
21 | Portugal | 1.52% |
36 | Romania | 1.61% |
48 | Russia | 5.86% |
1 | San Marino | [e] |
44 | Serbia | 2.85% |
37 | Slovakia | 2.02% |
17 | Slovenia | 1.34% |
26 | Spain | 1.51% |
42 | Sweden | 1.47% |
12 | Switzerland | 0.70% |
19 | Turkey | 1.50% |
51 | Ukraine | 36.65% |
43 | United Kingdom | 2.26% |
1 | Vatican City | [e] |
Country | US $m in 2023 [10] |
---|---|
Albania | 397,6 |
Andorra | [a] |
Armenia | 1329,5 |
Austria | 4410,0 |
Azerbaijan | 3561,7 |
Belarus | 1403,1 |
Belgium | 7629,4 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 216,7 |
Bulgaria | 1918,4 |
Croatia | 1439,1 |
Cyprus | 566,9 |
Czech Republic | 5056,3 |
Denmark | 8144,9 |
Estonia | 1189,5 |
Finland | 7348,0 |
France | 61301,3 |
Georgia | 504,6 |
Germany | 66826,6 |
Greece | 7729,8 |
Hungary | 4355,5 |
Iceland | [b] |
Ireland | 1269,2 |
Italy | 35528,9 |
Kazakhstan | 1236,3 |
Kosovo | 133,2 |
Latvia | 1045,3 |
Liechtenstein | [c] |
Lithuania | 2160,8 |
Luxembourg | 662,5 |
Malta | 112,6 |
Moldova | 93,4 |
Monaco | [d] |
Montenegro | 114,5 |
Netherlands | 16624,8 |
North Macedonia | 266,6 |
Norway | 8668,6 |
Poland | 31649,9 |
Portugal | 4223,2 |
Romania | 5610,7 |
Russia | 109454,4 |
San Marino | [e] |
Serbia | 2135,8 |
Slovakia | 2663,1 |
Slovenia | 907,5 |
Spain | 23699,1 |
Sweden | 8754,9 |
Switzerland | 6293,4 |
Turkey | 15827,9 |
Ukraine | 64753,2 |
United Kingdom | 74942,8 |
Vatican City | [e] |
The Hellenic Armed Forces are the military forces of Greece. They consist of the Hellenic Army, the Hellenic Navy, and the Hellenic Air Force.
The economy of Liechtenstein is based on industry, with a small but significant agricultural sector, and services. The country participates in a customs union with Switzerland and uses the Swiss franc as its national currency. It imports more than 85% of its energy requirements. Liechtenstein has been a member of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) since 1991. It also has been a member of the European Economic Area (EEA) since May 1995 and participates in the Schengen Agreement for passport-free intra-European travel.
The economy of Slovenia is a developed mixed economy. The country enjoys a high level of prosperity and stability as well as above-average GDP per capita by purchasing power parity at 91% of the EU average in 2023. The nominal GDP in 2023 is 68.108 billion USD, nominal GDP per capita (GDP/pc) in 2023 is USD 32,350. The highest GDP/pc is in central Slovenia, where the capital city Ljubljana is located. It is part of the Western Slovenia statistical region, which has a higher GDP/pc than eastern Slovenia.
The world economy or global economy is the economy of all humans in the world, referring to the global economic system, which includes all economic activities conducted both within and between nations, including production, consumption, economic management, work in general, financial transactions and trade of goods and services. In some contexts, the two terms are distinct: the "international" or "global economy" is measured separately and distinguished from national economies, while the "world economy" is simply an aggregate of the separate countries' measurements. Beyond the minimum standard concerning value in production, use and exchange, the definitions, representations, models and valuations of the world economy vary widely. It is inseparable from the geography and ecology of planet Earth.
A military budget, also known as a defense budget, is the amount of financial resources dedicated by a state to raising and maintaining an armed forces or other methods essential for defense purposes.
Government spending or expenditure includes all government consumption, investment, and transfer payments. In national income accounting, the acquisition by governments of goods and services for current use, to directly satisfy the individual or collective needs of the community, is classed as government final consumption expenditure. Government acquisition of goods and services intended to create future benefits, such as infrastructure investment or research spending, is classed as government investment. These two types of government spending, on final consumption and on gross capital formation, together constitute one of the major components of gross domestic product.
The European Defence Agency (EDA) is an agency of the European Union (EU) that promotes and facilitates integration between member states within the EU's Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). The EDA is headed by the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, European Commission’s Vice President (HR/VP), and reports to the Council. The EDA was established on 12 July 2004 and is based in Brussels, Belgium, along with a number of other CSDP bodies.
The economy of the European Union is the joint economy of the member states of the European Union (EU). It is the second largest economy in the world in nominal terms, after the United States, and the third largest at purchasing power parity (PPP), after China and the US. The European Union's GDP is estimated to be $19.40 trillion (nominal) in 2024 or $28.04 trillion (PPP), representing around one-sixth of the global economy. Germany has the biggest national GDP of all EU countries, followed by France and Italy. In 2022, the social welfare expenditure of the European Union (EU) as a whole was 27.2% of its GDP.
The military budget of China is the portion of the overall budget of China that is allocated for the funding of the military of China. This military budget finances employee salaries and training costs, the maintenance of equipment and facilities, support of new or ongoing operations, and development and procurement of new weapons, equipment, and vehicles. Every March, as part of its annual state budget, China releases a single overall figure for national military expenditures.
The following are the international rankings of Taiwan.
NATO is an international military alliance consisting of 32 member states from Europe and North America. It was established at the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty on 4 April 1949.
The following are international rankings of Lebanon.
The following are international rankings of Armenia
The following are international rankings of Tunisia.
The military budget of Iran is the portion of the country's overall budget that is allocated for the funding of the Iranian Armed Forces and the Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics.