This is a list of aircraft carriers which are currently in service, under maintenance or refit, in reserve, under construction, or being updated. An aircraft carrier is a warship with a full-length flight deck, hangar and facilities for arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft. [1] The list only refers to the status of the ship, not availability or condition of an air wing. This includes helicopter carriers and also amphibious assault ships, if the vessel's primary purpose is to carry, arm, deploy, and recover aircraft.
Country | Navy | Commissioned | In reserve | Undergoing trials | Under construction | Ordered | Planned |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Australia | Royal Australian Navy | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Brazil | Brazilian Navy | [2] | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
China | People's Liberation Army Navy | [3] [4] | 50 | 1 [5] | 2 [6] [7] [8] [9] | 0 | 5 [5] |
Egypt | Egyptian Navy | [10] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
France | French Navy | [11] | 40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
India | Indian Navy | [12] [13] | 20 | 0 [14] | 0 | 0 | 5 |
Italy | Italian Navy | [15] | 20 | 1 [16] | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Japan | Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Russia | Russian Navy | [17] | 10 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
South Korea | Republic of Korea Navy | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 [18] [19] |
Spain | Spanish Navy | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Thailand | Royal Thai Navy | [20] | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Turkey | Turkish Naval Forces | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 [21] |
United Kingdom | Royal Navy | [22] [23] [24] | 20 | 0 | 0 [25] | 0 | 0 |
United States | United States Navy | 20 | 1 | 1 | 3 [26] | 2 | 12 |
Country | Class | Name (hull number) | Length | Tonnage | Propulsion | Type | Classification | Commissioned |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Australia | Canberra (modified Juan Carlos I-class) | Canberra (L02) | 230 m (750 ft) | 27,100 t | Conventional | STOVL | LHD | 28 November 2014 |
Adelaide (L01) | 230 m (750 ft) | 27,100 t | 4 December 2015 | |||||
Brazil | Ocean | Atlântico (A140) | 203.4 m (667 ft) | 21,500 t | Conventional | VTOL | LPH | 29 June 2018 [27] |
China | Type 001 (modified Kuznetsov-class) [28] | Liaoning (16) | 306.4 m (1,005 ft) | [29] | 60,900 tConventional | STOBAR | Aircraft carrier | 25 September 2012 [3] |
Type 002 (modified Kuznetsov-class) | Shandong (17) | 305 m (1,001 ft) [30] | [31] | 60,000 tConventional | STOBAR | Aircraft carrier | 17 December 2019 | |
Type 075 | Hainan (31) | 232 m (761 ft) [32] | 36,000 t | Conventional | VTOL | LHD | 23 April 2021 | |
Guangxi (32) | 232 m (761 ft) [32] | 36,000 t | 26 December 2021 [33] | |||||
Anhui (33) | 232 m (761 ft) [32] | [34] | 36,000 t1 October 2022 | |||||
Egypt | Mistral | Gamal Abdel Nasser (L1010) | 199 m (653 ft) | 21,300 t | Conventional | VTOL | LHD | 2 June 2016 |
Anwar El Sadat (L1020) | 199 m (653 ft) | 21,300 t | 16 September 2016 | |||||
France | Charles de Gaulle | Charles de Gaulle (R91) | 262 m (860 ft) | 42,000 t | Nuclear | CATOBAR | Aircraft carrier | 18 May 2001 |
Mistral | Mistral (L9013) | 199 m (653 ft) | 21,300 t | Conventional | VTOL | LHD | 1 February 2006 | |
Tonnerre (L9014) | 199 m (653 ft) | 21,300 t | 1 December 2006 | |||||
Dixmude (L9015) | 199 m (653 ft) | 21,300 t | 27 December 2012 | |||||
India | Vikramaditya (modified Kiev-class) | Vikramaditya (R33) | 284 m (932 ft) | 45,400 t | Conventional | STOBAR | Aircraft carrier | 16 November 2013 [35] |
Vikrant | Vikrant (R11) | 262 m (860 ft) | 45,000 t | Conventional | STOBAR | Aircraft carrier | 2 September 2022 | |
Italy | Giuseppe Garibaldi | Giuseppe Garibaldi (C 551) | 180 m (590 ft) | 13,850 t | Conventional | STOVL | Anti-submarine warfare carrier | 30 September 1985 |
Cavour | Cavour (C 550) | 244 m (801 ft) | [36] | 30,000 tConventional | STOVL | Aircraft carrier | 27 March 2008 | |
Japan | Izumo | Izumo (DDH-183) | 248 m (814 ft) | 27,000 t | Conventional | VTOL | Helicopter Destroyer / Light aircraft carrier (from 2024) | 25 March 2015 |
Kaga (DDH-184) | 248 m (814 ft) | 27,000 t | Helicopter Destroyer / Light aircraft carrier (from 2024) | 22 March 2017 | ||||
Hyūga | Hyūga (DDH-181) | 197 m (646 ft) | 19,000 t | Conventional | VTOL | Helicopter Destroyer | 18 March 2009 | |
Ise (DDH-182) | 197 m (646 ft) | 19,000 t | 16 March 2011 | |||||
Russia | Kuznetsov | Admiral Kuznetsov (063) | 306.5 m (1,006 ft) | 58,600 t | Conventional | STOBAR | Aircraft cruiser | 21 January 1991 |
South Korea | Dokdo | Dokdo (LPH-6111) | 199 m (653 ft) | 18,800 t | Conventional | VTOL | LPH | 3 July 2007 |
Marado (LPH-6112) | 199 m (653 ft) | 18,800 t | 28 June 2021 | |||||
Spain | Juan Carlos I | Juan Carlos I (L61) | 231 m (758 ft) | 26,000 t | Conventional | STOVL | LHD | 30 September 2010 |
Thailand | Príncipe de Asturias | Chakri Naruebet (911) | 183 m (600 ft) | 11,486 t | Conventional | STOVL | Light aircraft carrier (since 2006 used as a helicopter carrier) | 10 August 1997 |
Turkey | Anadolu | Anadolu (L-400) | 230.8 m (757 ft) | 27,500 t | Conventional | V/STOL | LHD | 10 April 2023 |
United Kingdom | Queen Elizabeth | Queen Elizabeth (R08) | 280 m (920 ft) | 65,000 t | Conventional (IEP) | STOVL | Aircraft carrier | 7 December 2017 |
Prince of Wales (R09) [37] | 280 m (920 ft) | 65,000 t | 10 December 2019 | |||||
United States | Ford | Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) [38] | 337 m (1,106 ft) | 101,600 t | Nuclear | CATOBAR | Aircraft carrier | 22 July 2017 |
Nimitz | Nimitz (CVN-68) [39] [40] | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 101,600 t | Nuclear | CATOBAR | Aircraft carrier | 3 May 1975 | |
Dwight D. Eisenhower (CVN-69) [39] [40] | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 103,300 t | 18 October 1977 | |||||
Carl Vinson (CVN-70) | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 102,900 t | 13 March 1982 | |||||
Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 106,300 t | 25 October 1986 | |||||
Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72) [39] [40] | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 106,000 t | 11 November 1989 | |||||
George Washington (CVN-73) | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 105,900 t | 4 July 1992 | |||||
John C. Stennis (CVN-74) | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 105,000 t | 9 December 1995 | |||||
Harry S. Truman (CVN-75) | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 105,600 t | 25 July 1998 | |||||
Ronald Reagan (CVN-76) | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 103,000 t | 12 July 2003 | |||||
George H.W. Bush (CVN-77) | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 103,600 t | 10 January 2009 | |||||
America [26] | America (LHA-6) | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | Conventional | STOVL | LHA (Flight 0 used as helicopter carriers) | 11 October 2014 [41] | |
Tripoli (LHA-7) | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | 15 July 2020 | |||||
Wasp [26] | Wasp (LHD-1) | 257 m (843 ft) | 40,532 t | Conventional | STOVL | LHD | 29 July 1989 | |
Essex (LHD-2) | 257 m (843 ft) | 40,650 t | 17 October 1992 | |||||
Kearsarge (LHD-3) | 257 m (843 ft) | 40,500 t | 16 October 1993 | |||||
Boxer (LHD-4) | 257 m (843 ft) | 40,722 t | 11 February 1995 | |||||
Bataan (LHD-5) | 257 m (843 ft) | 40,358 t | 20 September 1997 | |||||
Iwo Jima (LHD-7) | 257 m (843 ft) | 40,530 t | 30 June 2001 | |||||
Makin Island (LHD-8) | 257 m (843 ft) | 41,649 t | 24 October 2009 | |||||
Country | Class | Name (hull number) | Length | Tonnage | Propulsion | Type | Classification | Commissioned |
Country | Class | Ship (hull number) | Length | Tonnage | Propulsion | Type | Commissioned | Decommissioned | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States | Tarawa | Peleliu (LHA-5) | 250 m (820 ft) | 39,438 t | Conventional | STOVL | 3 May 1980 | 13 March 2015 | Reserve Fleet |
Country | Class | Ship (hull number) | Length | Tonnage | Propulsion | Type | Commissioning | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
China | Type 003 | Fujian | 316 m (1,037 ft) | 80,000+ t | Conventional | CATOBAR [42] | 2024 (planned) | Undergoing sea trials [ citation needed ] |
Italy | Trieste | Trieste (L9890) [16] | 245 m (804 ft) | 38,000 t | Conventional | STOVL [43] | 2024 (planned) | Undergoing sea trials |
United States | Ford | John F. Kennedy (CVN-79) [44] | 337 m (1,106 ft) | 100,000 t | Nuclear | CATOBAR | 2025 (planned) | Undergoing sea trials |
Country | Class | Ship (hull number) | Length | Tonnage | Propulsion | Type | Commissioning | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
China | Type 075 | TBD | 232 m (761 ft) [32] | 35,000 t | Conventional | VTOL | 2026 (planned) | Under construction [6] |
Type 076 | TBD | 252.3 m (828 ft) [32] | 48,000 t | Conventional | CATOBAR | TBD | Under construction | |
Russia | Project 23900 | Ivan Rogov [45] [46] | 220 m (720 ft) | 40,000 t | Conventional | VTOL | 2028 (planned) | Under construction |
Mitrofan Moskalenko [45] | 220 m (720 ft) | 40,000 t | 2029 (planned) | Under construction | ||||
United States | Ford | Enterprise (CVN-80) | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 100,000 t | Nuclear | CATOBAR | 2028 (planned) | Under construction [38] |
Doris Miller (CVN-81) | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 100,000 t | 2032 (planned) | Under construction [51] | ||||
America | Bougainville (LHA-8) | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | Conventional | STOVL | 2024 (planned) | Under construction [52] | |
Fallujah (LHA-9) | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | Conventional | STOVL | 2027 (planned) | Under construction |
Country | Class | Ship (hull number) | Length | Tonnage | Propulsion | Type | Commissioned | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States | Ford | TBD (CVN-82) | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 100,000 t | Nuclear | CATOBAR | 2034 (planned) | [48] [49] |
America | TBD (LHA-10) | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | Conventional | STOVL | [53] |
Country | Class | Ship (hull number) | Length | Tonnage | Propulsion | Type | Commissioned |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brazil | TBD | Rio de Janeiro | TBD | 50,000 t | TBD | TBD | 2029+ (planned) [54] |
China | Type 004 | TBD | TBD | 110,000 t | Nuclear | CATOBAR | 2025+ (planned) |
Type 075 | TBD [5] | 232 m (761 ft) [32] | 36,000 t | Conventional | VTOL | TBD | |
TBD [5] | 232 m (761 ft) [32] | 36,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD [5] | 232 m (761 ft) [32] | 36,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD [5] | 232 m (761 ft) [32] | 36,000 t | TBD | ||||
France | PANG | TBD | 300 m (980 ft) | [55] | 75,000 tNuclear [56] | CATOBAR | 2038+ (planned) [57] |
India | Vikrant [ citation needed ] | Vishal (IAC-II) [58] | TBD | [59] [60] | 65,000 tConventional [61] | CATOBAR | 2030s (planned) [62] |
MRSV | TBD [63] | TBD | 30,000 t | Conventional | VTOL/STOVL | TBD | |
TBD [63] | TBD | 30,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD [63] | TBD | 30,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD [63] | TBD | 30,000 t | TBD | ||||
Italy | LxD | TBD | 200 m (660 ft) | 20,000 t | TBD | STOVL | 2025+ (planned) [64] |
TBD | 200 m (660 ft) | 20,000 t | 2025+ (planned) [64] | ||||
TBD | 200 m (660 ft) | 20,000 t | 2025+ (planned) [64] | ||||
Russia | Project 23000E/Shtorm | TBD | 330 m (1,080 ft) | 100,000 t | TBD | STOBAR | 2025+ (planned) |
South Korea | CVX | TBD | TBD | 40,000 t | Conventional | STOVL | 2030–2033 (planned) [18] [19] |
TBD | TBD | 40,000 t | TBD [18] [19] | ||||
TBD | TBD | 40,000 t | TBD [18] [19] | ||||
Turkey | Anadolu (modified Juan Carlos I-class) | Trakya (tbd) | 232 m (761 ft) | 26,000 t | Conventional | STOVL | TBD [65] |
TBD | TBD | 285 m (935 ft) | 60,000 t | Conventional | STOBAR | TBD [21] | |
United States | Ford | TBD (CVN-83) [49] | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 100,000 t | Nuclear | CATOBAR | TBD |
TBD (CVN-84) [49] | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 100,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD (CVN-85) [49] | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 100,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD (CVN-86) [49] | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 100,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD (CVN-87) [49] | 333 m (1,093 ft) | 100,000 t | TBD | ||||
America | TBD (LHA-11) [52] | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | Conventional | STOVL | TBD | |
TBD (LHA-12) [52] | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD (LHA-13) [52] | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD (LHA-14) [52] | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD (LHA-15) [52] | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | TBD | ||||
TBD (LHA-16) [52] | 257 m (843 ft) | 45,000 t | TBD |
Country | Class | Ship (hull number) | Propulsion | Commissioned | shipyard | Date Started | Date Completed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Japan | Izumo | Kaga (DDH-184) | Conventional | 22 March 2017 | Japan Marine United | 2022 | 2024 (planned) |
Russia | Kuznetsov | Admiral Kuznetsov (063) | Conventional | 21 January 1991 | Murmansk | 2017 | 2024 (planned) |
United States | Nimitz | Harry S. Truman (CVN-75) | Nuclear | 25 July 1998 | TBD | 2024 | TBD |
An aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft. Typically, it is the capital ship of a fleet, as it allows a naval force to project air power worldwide without depending on local bases for staging aircraft operations. Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry numerous fighters, strike aircraft, helicopters, and other types of aircraft. While heavier aircraft such as fixed-wing gunships and bombers have been launched from aircraft carriers, these aircraft have not landed on a carrier. By its diplomatic and tactical power, its mobility, its autonomy and the variety of its means, the aircraft carrier is often the centerpiece of modern combat fleets. Tactically or even strategically, it replaced the battleship in the role of flagship of a fleet. One of its great advantages is that, by sailing in international waters, it does not interfere with any territorial sovereignty and thus obviates the need for overflight authorizations from third-party countries, reduces the times and transit distances of aircraft and therefore significantly increases the time of availability on the combat zone.
A carrier battle group (CVBG) is a naval fleet consisting of an aircraft carrier capital ship and its large number of escorts, together defining the group. The CV in CVBG is the United States Navy hull classification code for an aircraft carrier.
USS Ronald Reagan (CVN-76) is a Nimitz-class, nuclear-powered supercarrier in the service of the United States Navy. The ninth ship of her class, she is named in honor of Ronald W. Reagan, President of the United States from 1981 to 1989. She was built at Newport News Shipbuilding in Newport News, Virginia, and was commissioned on 12 July 2003.
The Nimitz class is a class of ten nuclear-powered aircraft carriers in service with the United States Navy. The lead ship of the class is named after World War II United States Pacific Fleet commander Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, who was the last living U.S. Navy officer to hold the rank. With an overall length of 1,092 ft (333 m) and a full-load displacement of over 100,000 long tons (100,000 t), the Nimitz-class ships were the largest warships built and in service until USS Gerald R. Ford entered the fleet in 2017.
USS Nimitz (CVN-68) is an aircraft carrier of the United States Navy, and the lead ship of her class. One of the largest warships in the world, she was laid down, launched, and commissioned as CVAN-68, "aircraft carrier, attack, nuclear powered", but she was later redesignated as CVN-68, "aircraft carrier, multi-mission, nuclear-powered", on 30 June 1975, as part of a fleet-wide realignment that year.
USS Enterprise (CVN-65), formerly CVA(N)-65, is a decommissioned United States Navy aircraft carrier. In 1958 she was the first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier and the eighth United States naval vessel to bear the name. Like her predecessor of World War II fame, she is nicknamed "Big E". At 1,123 feet (342 m), she is the longest naval vessel ever built and the only ship of a class that was originally planned to have five other ships. Her 93,284-long-ton (94,781 t) displacement ranks her class as the third largest carrier class, after the Nimitz class and the Gerald R. Ford class. Enterprise had a crew of some 4,600 service members.
USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) is the fourth Nimitz-class, nuclear-powered, aircraft carrier in the United States Navy. She is named in honor of Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States and a proponent of naval power. She is the fourth ship named in honor of Theodore Roosevelt, three bearing his full name and a fourth with just his last name. Another three U.S. Navy ships have "Roosevelt" in their names in honor of members of the Roosevelt family. This carrier's radio call sign is "Rough Rider", the nickname of President Roosevelt's volunteer cavalry unit during the Spanish–American War. She was launched in 1984, and saw her first action during the Gulf War in 1991. As of August, 2024, she is deployed with Carrier Air Wing 11 and Carrier Strike Group 9, which includes the Ticonderoga-class cruiserUSS Lake Erie (CG-70), and the Arleigh Burke-class destroyer'sUSS John S. McCain (DDG-56), USS Halsey (DDG-97), and the USS Daniel Inouye (DDG-118).
The Gerald R. Ford-class nuclear-powered aircraft carriers are currently being constructed for the United States Navy, which intends to eventually acquire ten of these ships in order to replace current carriers on a one-for-one basis, starting with the lead ship of her class, Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78), replacing Enterprise (CVN-65), and later the Nimitz-class carriers. The new vessels have a hull similar to the Nimitz class, but they carry technologies since developed with the CVN(X)/CVN-21 program, such as the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), as well as other design features intended to improve efficiency and reduce operating costs, including sailing with smaller crews. This class of aircraft carriers is named after former U.S. President Gerald R. Ford. CVN-78 was procured in 2008 and commissioned into service on 22 July 2017. The second ship of the class, John F. Kennedy (CVN-79), is scheduled to enter service in 2025.
Naval Station Norfolk is a United States Navy base in Norfolk, Virginia, that is the headquarters and home port of the U.S. Navy's Fleet Forces Command. The installation occupies about 4 miles (6.4 km) of waterfront space and 11 miles (18 km) of pier and wharf space of the Hampton Roads peninsula known as Sewell's Point. It is the world's largest naval station, with the largest concentration of U.S. Navy forces through 75 ships alongside 14 piers and with 134 aircraft and 11 aircraft hangars at the adjacently operated Chambers Field. Port Services controls more than 3,100 ships' movements annually as they arrive and depart their berths.
A helicopter carrier is a type of aircraft carrier whose primary purpose is to operate helicopters. It has a large flight deck that occupies a substantial part of the deck, which can extend the full length of the ship like HMS Ocean of the Royal Navy (RN), or extend only partway, usually aft, as in the Soviet Navy's Moskva class or in the Chinese Navy's Type 0891A. It often also has a hangar deck for the storage and maintenance of rotorwing aircraft.
USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) is an aircraft carrier of the United States Navy and the lead ship of her class. The ship is named after the 38th President of the United States, Gerald Ford, whose World War II naval service included combat duty aboard the light aircraft carrier Monterey in the Pacific Theater.
USS John F. Kennedy (CVN-79) is the second Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carrier built for the United States Navy. She was launched on 29 October 2019, and christened on 7 December 2019.
An amphibious assault ship is a type of warship employed to land and support ground forces on enemy territory during an armed conflict. The design evolved from aircraft carriers converted for use as helicopter carriers. Modern designs support amphibious landing craft, with most designs including a well deck. Like the aircraft carriers they were developed from, some amphibious assault ships also support V/STOL fixed-wing aircraft and have a secondary role as aircraft carriers.
Aircraft carriers have their origins during the days of World War I. The earliest experiments consisted of fitting temporary "flying off" platforms to the gun turrets of the warships of several nations, notably the United States and the United Kingdom. The first ship to be modified with a permanent flight deck was the battlecruiser HMS Furious, which initially had a single flying-off deck forward of the original superstructure. Subsequently, she was modified with a separate "landing on" deck aft and later with a full flush deck. Other ships, often liners, were modified to have full flush flight decks, HMS Argus being the first to have such modification begun. Those first faltering steps gave little indication of just how important the aircraft carrier was to prove to be. During the inter-war years, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States built up significant carrier fleets so that by the beginning of World War II, they had 18 carriers between them. The 1940 Battle of Taranto and 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor in retrospect showed the world that the aircraft carrier was to be the most important ship in the modern fleet. Today, aircraft carriers are the capital ships of the navies they serve in, and in the case of modern US "supercarriers", they embark an air group that is effectively a small air force.
Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. (HII) is the largest military shipbuilding company in the United States as well as a provider of professional services to partners in government and industry. HII, ranked No. 375 on the Fortune 500, was formed on 31 March 2011, as a divestiture from Northrop Grumman.
USS Enterprise (CVN-80) will be the third Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carrier to be built for the United States Navy. She will be the ninth United States naval vessel and third aircraft carrier to bear the name, and is scheduled to be in operation by 2029. Her construction began in August 2017 with a steel-cutting ceremony.
The Type 075 landing helicopter dock is a class of Chinese amphibious assault ships built by Hudong–Zhonghua Shipbuilding for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). It has a full-length flight deck for helicopter operations and features a floodable well deck from which to disembark hovercraft and armored amphibious assault vehicles.
the total cumulative hull/waterline length is nearly 300 meters, already almost as long as the total 305-meter length (including flight deck) of the carriers Liaoning and Shandong.
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