List of current reigning monarchs by length of reign

Hassanal Bolkiah, the longest-reigning existing monarch

Ntfombi, the longest reigning and only female existing monarch

This is a list of reigning monarchs sorted by length of service.

This list includes monarchs who do not reign over entire nations, such as Muhammad V of Kelantan, but does not include former monarchs and pretenders, such as Simeon II of Bulgaria; ex officio monarchs such as the president of France and bishop of Urgell, who by virtue of their position are also the co-princes of Andorra; monarchs without physical territories such as the Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta; constituent monarchs such as traditional African rulers; or monarchs whose position is unofficial, such as Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama.

Hassanal Bolkiah is the longest-reigning existing monarch, having been Sultan of Brunei since 5 October 1967. ^[1] He became the longest-reigning monarch upon the death of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on 8 September 2022. ^[2] Ntfombi, Queen Mother of Eswatini is the only female monarch in the world. ^[3]

List

Rank	Monarch	State	Country	Born	Current age	Acceded	Years reigned
Reigns as of 24 December 2025 T 14:06 (UTC)
1	Hassanal Bolkiah	Brunei		15 July 1946	79 years, 162 days	5 October 1967	58 years, 80 days
2	Sultan bin Mohamed Al-Qassimi III	Sharjah	United Arab Emirates	2 July 1939	86 years, 175 days	25 January 1972	53 years, 333 days
3	Carl XVI Gustaf	Sweden		30 April 1946	79 years, 238 days	15 September 1973	52 years, 100 days
4	Hamad bin Mohammed Al Sharqi	Fujairah	United Arab Emirates	22 February 1949	76 years, 305 days	18 September 1974	51 years, 97 days
5	Humaid bin Rashid Al Nuaimi III	Ajman		1 January 1931	94 years, 357 days	6 September 1981	44 years, 109 days
6	Ntfombi	Eswatini [a]	27 December 1949	75 years, 362 days	10 August 1983	42 years, 136 days
7	Mswati III		19 April 1968	57 years, 249 days	25 April 1986	39 years, 243 days
8	Hans-Adam II	Liechtenstein		14 February 1945	80 years, 313 days	13 November 1989	36 years, 41 days
9	Harald V	Norway		21 February 1937	88 years, 306 days	17 January 1991	34 years, 341 days
10	Letsie III	Lesotho		17 July 1963	62 years, 160 days	7 February 1996 [b]	34 years, 26 days [b]
11	Mizan Zainal Abidin	Terengganu	Malaysia	22 January 1962	63 years, 336 days	15 May 1998	27 years, 223 days
12	Abdullah II	Jordan		30 January 1962	63 years, 328 days	7 February 1999	26 years, 320 days
13	Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa	Bahrain		28 January 1950	75 years, 330 days	6 March 1999	26 years, 293 days
14	Mohammed VI	Morocco		21 August 1963	62 years, 125 days	23 July 1999	26 years, 154 days
15	Syed Sirajuddin	Perlis	Malaysia	17 May 1943	82 years, 221 days	17 April 2000	25 years, 251 days
16	Sharafuddin Idris Shah	Selangor		24 December 1945	80 years, 0 days	22 November 2001	24 years, 32 days
17	Norodom Sihamoni	Cambodia		14 May 1953	72 years, 224 days	14 October 2004	21 years, 71 days
18	Albert II	Monaco		14 March 1958	67 years, 285 days	6 April 2005	20 years, 262 days
19	Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum	Dubai	United Arab Emirates	15 July 1949	76 years, 162 days	4 January 2006	19 years, 354 days
20	Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck	Bhutan		21 February 1980	45 years, 306 days	9 December 2006	19 years, 15 days
21	Muhriz	Negeri Sembilan	Malaysia	14 January 1948	77 years, 344 days	29 December 2008	16 years, 360 days
22	Saud bin Rashid Al Mualla	Umm al-Quwain	United Arab Emirates	1 October 1952	73 years, 84 days	2 January 2009	16 years, 356 days
23	Ibrahim Iskandar	Johor	Malaysia [c]	22 November 1958	67 years, 32 days	23 January 2010	15 years, 335 days
24	Muhammad V	Kelantan	Malaysia	6 October 1969	56 years, 79 days	13 September 2010	15 years, 102 days
25	Saud bin Saqr Al Qasimi	Ras al-Khaimah	United Arab Emirates	10 February 1956	69 years, 317 days	27 October 2010	15 years, 58 days
26	Tupou VI	Tonga		12 July 1959	66 years, 165 days	18 March 2012	13 years, 281 days
27	Willem-Alexander	Netherlands		27 April 1967	58 years, 241 days	30 April 2013	12 years, 238 days
28	Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani	Qatar		3 June 1980	45 years, 204 days	25 June 2013	12 years, 182 days
29	Philippe	Belgium		15 April 1960	65 years, 253 days	21 July 2013	12 years, 156 days
30	Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah	Perak	Malaysia	27 November 1956	69 years, 27 days	29 May 2014	11 years, 209 days
31	Felipe VI	Spain		30 January 1968	57 years, 328 days	19 June 2014	11 years, 188 days
32	Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud	Saudi Arabia		31 December 1935	89 years, 358 days	23 January 2015	10 years, 335 days
33	Vajiralongkorn (Rama X)	Thailand		28 July 1952	73 years, 149 days	13 October 2016	9 years, 72 days
34	Mahmud Sallehuddin	Kedah	Malaysia	30 April 1942	83 years, 238 days	11 September 2017	8 years, 104 days
35	Abdullah Sultan Ahmad Shah	Pahang		30 July 1959	66 years, 147 days	15 January 2019	6 years, 343 days
36	Naruhito	Japan		23 February 1960	65 years, 304 days	1 May 2019	6 years, 237 days
37	Haitham bin Tariq Al Said	Oman		11 October 1954	71 years, 74 days	11 January 2020	5 years, 347 days
38	Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan	Abu Dhabi	United Arab Emirates	11 March 1961	64 years, 288 days	13 May 2022	3 years, 225 days
39	Charles III	Antigua and Barbuda		14 November 1948	77 years, 40 days	8 September 2022	3 years, 107 days
		Australia
		The Bahamas
		Belize
		Canada
		Grenada
		Jamaica
		New Zealand
		Papua New Guinea
		Saint Kitts and Nevis
		Saint Lucia
		Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
		Solomon Islands
		Tuvalu
		United Kingdom
40	Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah	Kuwait		27 September 1940	85 years, 88 days	16 December 2023	2 years, 8 days
41	Frederik X	Denmark		26 May 1968	57 years, 212 days	14 January 2024	1 year, 344 days
42	Leo XIV	Vatican City		14 September 1955	70 years, 101 days	8 May 2025	230 days
43	Guillaume V	Luxembourg		11 November 1981	44 years, 43 days	3 October 2025	82 days

See also

• List of current monarchs of sovereign states
• List of current heads of state and government
• List of current state leaders by date of assumption of office
• List of longest-reigning monarchs
• List of shortest-reigning monarchs
• Lists of state leaders by age

Notes

1. The monarchy of Eswatini is a diarchy jointly headed by the Ngwenyama and the Ndlovukati.
2. Letsie III first reigned during 12 November 1990 –25 January 1995, was deposed, then returned to the throne on 7 February 1996. Length-of-reign calculation includes both tenures.
3. Ibrahim Iskandar is also the currently-reigning Yang di-Pertuan Agong, and has reigned for 1 year, 327 days (since 31 January 2024).

References

1. "Sultan of Brunei becomes world's longest-serving monarch after Elizabeth II's passing". Arab News. 2022-09-09. Retrieved 2022-09-25.
2. "Queen Elizabeth II has died". BBC News. 2022-09-08. Retrieved 2022-09-25.
3. "The Queen Regent was ousted today in an apparent... - UPI Archives". UPI. Retrieved 2025-12-23.