Ibrahim
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Yang di-Pertuan Agong XVII | |||||||||
Reign | 31 January 2024 – present | ||||||||
Predecessor | Abdullah | ||||||||
Deputy | Nazrin Shah | ||||||||
Sultan of Johor | |||||||||
Reign | 23 January 2010 – present | ||||||||
Coronation | 23 March 2015 | ||||||||
Predecessor | Iskandar | ||||||||
Heir apparent | Tunku Ismail | ||||||||
Born | Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Johor Bahru, Johor, Federation of Malaya | 22 November 1958||||||||
Spouse | |||||||||
Issue | |||||||||
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House | Temenggong | ||||||||
Father | Sultan Iskandar | ||||||||
Mother | Enche’ Besar Hajah Khalsom (née Josephine Ruby Trevorrow) | ||||||||
Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||
Military career | |||||||||
Allegiance | Malaysia Johor | ||||||||
Service/ | Malaysian Army Royal Johor Military Force | ||||||||
Years of service | 1977–present (active service) | ||||||||
Rank | Field marshal Admiral of the Fleet Marshal of the Air Force (Commander-in-chief) Commandant (JMF) | ||||||||
Unit | Johor Military Forces |
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Sultan Ibrahim ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar (Jawi : سلطان إبراهيم ابن المرحوم سلطان إسکندر; born 22 November 1958) is the seventeenth and current Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King) of Malaysia. He is also the fifth Sultan of modern Johor since ascending to the throne following the death of his father, Sultan Iskandar, in 2010.
A motorcycle enthusiast, Sultan Ibrahim is the founder of the annual motorcycling tour event Kembara Mahkota Johor. [1]
On 31 January 2024, he was sworn in as the seventeenth Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia, [2] having been elected to a five-year term on 27 October 2023. [3] [4]
Tunku Ibrahim was born on 22 November 1958 at Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaya, during the reign of his great-grandfather, Sultan Sir Ibrahim of Johor. He was the third child and eldest son of Sultan Iskandar by his first wife, Josephine Ruby Trevorrow, an English woman from Torquay. Iskandar met Trevorrow while studying in England. [5] [6] [7] [8] Trevorrow, a proprietor by profession, temporarily took on the name Khalsom binti Abdullah following her marriage to Iskandar. Ibrahim's mother later remarried and returned to England. [9]
Ibrahim's great-grandfather died in London on 8 May 1959. Thus, Ibrahim's grandfather, Ismail, became Sultan of Johor. Ibrahim moved up to second in line to the throne, after his father. His father sent him to complete his secondary education at Trinity Grammar School in Sydney, from 1968 until 1970. After finishing high school, he was sent to Army Training Centre (PULADA) in Kota Tinggi for basic military training. He also received military training in the United States, at Fort Benning, Georgia, and later at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. [10]
Ibrahim was appointed as the Crown Prince of Johor on 3 July 1981, [10] and has primarily resided at Istana Pasir Pelangi since then. [11] [12] He served as the regent of Johor between 26 April 1984 and 25 April 1989 when his father served his term as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia. [10] In recent years, Ibrahim gradually took over some state duties and functions from his aging father. [13] These included the 211th Conference of Rulers, where Ibrahim and Abdullah, the Crown Prince of Pahang, represented their fathers in the meetings, [14] among other state functions. [15]
Shortly before Filipino opposition politician Benigno Aquino Jr. was assassinated at Manila International Airport on 21 August 1983, Ibrahim met Aquino upon his arrival in Singapore and later brought him to meet other Malaysian leaders across the Johor-Singapore Causeway. [16] Once in Johor, Aquino also met with Ibrahim's father, Iskandar, who was a close friend. [17]
A few hours before his father's death on 22 January 2010, Tunku Ibrahim was appointed as the Regent of Johor, following medical reports that suggested Sultan Iskandar's impending demise. [18] Sultan Iskandar died on the same night, and Tunku Ibrahim was installed as the Sultan of Johor the following morning. [19] The Menteri Besar (Chief Minister) of Johor, Abdul Ghani Othman cited that Sultan Ibrahim and immediate members of the royal family would undertake a mourning period of 40 days. [20] During the mourning season, Sultan Ibrahim made his inaugural presence at the Conference of Rulers in February 2010 as the Sultan of Johor. [21]
On 30 June 2011, Sultan Ibrahim drove the last train from Tanjong Pagar railway station, having received tuition from Chief Locomotive Inspector Hasnol Azahari Aman of Keretapi Tanah Melayu to enable him to do this. He stated that he wished to do this as his grandfather, Sultan Ismail, had opened the causeway between Singapore and Malaya in 1923, and that it was appropriate that he should drive the last train out of the station. [22]
Sultan Ibrahim also declared Muar as Johor's new royal capital, replacing Johor Bahru, on 5 February 2012. This coincided with the Maulidur Rasul celebrations. [23]
Sultan Ibrahim became the first ruler of Johor to celebrate his birthday celebration in Muar on 22 November 2012. He picks the town because it is "rich in history and tradition besides being peaceful, beautiful and progressive". He wanted the state government to gazette all the old buildings in the town as a state heritage. He also wants the local authorities to preserve the cleanliness of Sungai Muar which could be done by relocating the bus and taxi terminals elsewhere. [24]
Sultan Ibrahim was crowned as the sultan of Johor on 23 March 2015. [25] The last coronation was that of his grandfather Sultan Ismail on 10 February 1960. [26] From 2015 onwards, 23 March is made an annual state public holiday as the Sultan's official birthday, replacing the public holiday on 22 November, the Sultan's actual birthday. [27]
Sultan Johor is noted for advocating religious moderation and has criticised the creeping Arabisation of Malaysian Muslim culture. [28] Despite being the only sultan in Malaysia without tertiary (post-secondary) education, he has promoted quality education for Johor.
On 6 January 2024, Sultan Ibrahim decreed that he would not grant any audiences till he ascends to the throne as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong on 31 January 2024. He would not be accepting any appointments except for the previously scheduled events and the weekly audiences with the Menteri Besar and the state government of Johor as he wanted to spend the remaining time before the ascension with the royal family. [29]
On 27 October 2023, the Conference of Rulers elected Ibrahim Ismail as the 17th Yang di-Pertuan Agong or literally "King of Malaysia", replacing Abdullah of Pahang. [4] [30] During this time, the Conference of Rulers also elected Nazrin Shah of Perak to a third term as the Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong. [31]
His official swearing in and possession of the Istana Negara occurred on 31 January 2024. [2]
Sultan Ibrahim married Raja Zarith Sofiah, daughter of Sultan Idris Shah II of Perak on 22 September 1982. [32] [33] They have six children:
Sultan Ibrahim has issued decrees including the following.
Johor, as with the former standalone British protectorates of Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan and Terengganu, used to rest on Fridays and Saturdays, in contrast with the former Federated Malay States as well as Malacca, Penang, Sabah and Sarawak and the Federal Territory which observe their weekends on Saturdays and Sundays. Johor, together with Perlis, moved their weekend to Saturday and Sunday on 1 January 1994 to synchronise with neighboring Singapore as well as with Kuala Lumpur, as Johor by then was a quickly industrialising state.
However, on 22 November 2013, on Sultan Ibrahim's birthday celebrations, he decreed that Johor will move back its weekend to Friday and Saturday, to enable Muslims in the state to attend their Friday prayers, effective 1 January 2014. This move was not without controversy due to the disruptions it caused, particularly for private businesses dealing with Singapore. The private sector nevertheless continues to rest on Saturdays and Sundays. [41]
In August 2015, Sultan Ibrahim decreed that the name of Kulaijaya district be reverted to its former name of Kulai. [42] He also decreed that Nusajaya be renamed to Iskandar Puteri, as well as renaming Ledang District to Tangkak District. [43] [44] [45]
Sultan Ibrahim issued a decree banning vaping in Johor effective 1 January 2016. The purposes of the ban is for the sake of the health of the Johor state residents. Kelantan and Terengganu followed soon after. [46]
In January 2016, Sultan Ibrahim also decreed that signboards for businesses must not exceed 6.1 m × 1.2 m (20 ft × 4 ft), so as to prevent any dangers to the public as well as to reduce unsightly signboards which mar the city's beauty. [47]
Occasional reports of alleged criminal misconduct from the 1980s onwards marred Tunku Ibrahim's reputation somewhat, albeit to a much lesser extent than his father, Sultan Iskandar, whose past heinous crimes had received considerable attention from mainstream media. [48] In the 1980s, he was convicted of shooting dead a man in a nightclub during a feud, but was quickly pardoned. [49] [50]
In late 1992 to early 1993, Tunku Ibrahim also experienced fallouts of the Gomez Incident –in which his father and younger brother, Tunku Majid were accused of two separate but related incidences of assault which provoked a moral outrage nationwide and ultimately resulting in constitutional amendments allowing members of the royalty to be prosecuted for criminal wrongdoings. During that period of time, the press, which was supported by the Malaysian government, launched a series of vociferous press reports on the history of alleged incidences of royal wrongdoings, [51] of which parliamentarians highlighted that Tunku Ibrahim had been convicted in at least two cases of assault in the 1980s. [52] This included a victim who was allegedly assaulted by Tunku Ibrahim, Rahim Mohd Nor, who went so far as to describe his assault experience as an act of sadism by Tunku Ibrahim. [53]
In March 2005, a member of the Malaysian royalty allegedly assaulted a young woman by the name of Yasmin whom he accused of two-timing him with another policeman. [54] The victim's father, Mohd Yasin, later lodged a police report which alleged that the assault culprit was Tunku Ibrahim, the then Tunku Mahkota of Johor. [55]
In October 2005, a brawl occurred on Pulau Rawa after a Johor prince allegedly gatecrashed a wedding party. The prince ordered some guests off the island after a fight broke out when a woman refused to dance with one of the gatecrashers. The locals, who felt offended by the woman's attitude, went off but soon returned with golf clubs and weapons and started a fight. In the process, several people were injured and sent to hospital, while five others were arrested, including a 20-year-old prince from the Johor royal family. The names of the culprits were not released by the police, who chose to retain the confidentiality of the attackers. [56] The Tunku Mahkota issued a press statement to urge the culprits to apologise to the affected guests. [57]
The following June, press reports leaked that Tunku Ibrahim had chalked RM26,700 worth of unpaid traffic fines since 2000, causing much embarrassment to the crown prince. [58] [59] A later report quoted him settling all the past fines with the traffic police. [60]
Tunku Ibrahim also spent lavishly on an unusual car plate number. For example, in May 2012, he spent RM520,000 to successfully bid for the car number plate WWW 1 [61] for his red orange Satria Neo. [62] [63] In January 2014, he spent a record breaking RM748,000 on the car plate number W1N for [64] his blue Suprima S. [65] In July 2016, he also spent a record breaking RM836,660 on the car plate number F1 for his ruby red Proton Perdana. [66] He continued to break records by securing the FF1 number plate for RM1.2mil and GOLD1 number plate for RM1.5mil. [67]
Although given a monthly allowance of RM27,000, [68] Sultan Ibrahim had done some business dealings such as
Name | Birth Date | Birth Place | Death Date | Death Place | Marriage Date | Spouse | Their Children | Their Grandchildren |
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HRH Tunku Ismail Idris Abdul Majid Abu Bakar , Tunku Mahkota | 30 June 1984 | 24 October 2014 | HH Che' Puan Mahkota Khaleeda Bustamam | HH Tunku Khalsom Aminah Sofiah HRH Tunku Iskandar Abdul Jalil Abu Bakar Ibrahim HH Tunku Abu Bakar Ibrahim HH Tunku Zahrah Zarith Aziyah | ||||
HH Tunku Tun Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah | 8 April 1986 | 14 August 2017 | Dato' Dennis Muhammad Abdullah (formerly Dennis Verbaas) | Layla Sofiah Second child (undeclared name) | ||||
HH Tunku Idris Iskandar Ismail , Tunku Temenggong | 25 December 1987 | |||||||
HH Tunku Abdul Jalil Iskandar , Tunku Laksamana | 5 July 1990 | 5 December 2015 (aged 25) | ||||||
HH Tunku Abdul Rahman Hassanal Jeffri , Tunku Panglima | 5 February 1993 | |||||||
HH Tunku Abu Bakar Mahmood Iskandar, Tunku Putera | 30 May 2001 |
Styles of Sultan Ibrahim | |
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Reference style | His Majesty |
Spoken style | Your Majesty |
Alternative style | Tuanku |
As a Sultan of Johor, Sultan Ibrahim's full title and style in Malay: Duli Yang Maha MuliaSultan Ibrahim Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar, D.K. (Johor), D.K. (Perak), D.K. (Kelantan), D.K. (Perlis), D.K. (Selangor), D.K. (Negeri Sembilan), D.K. (Terengganu), D.K.M.B. (Brunei), S.P.M.J, S.S.I.J, S.P.M.T, S.M.N, S.P.M.K, S.P.M.P, P.I.S, Sultan Yang Dipertuan Bagi Negeri dan Jajahan Takluk Johor Darul Ta’zim. [78]
while in English: His Majesty Sultan Ibrahim Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar, D.K. (Johor), D.K. (Perak), D.K. (Kelantan), D.K. (Perlis), D.K. (Selangor), D.K. (Negeri Sembilan), D.K. (Terengganu), D.K.M.B. (Brunei), S.P.M.J, S.S.I.J, S.P.M.T, S.M.N, S.P.M.K, S.P.M.P, P.I.S, The Sultan and Sovereign Ruler of the State of Johor, The Abode of Dignity and its dependencies. [79]
During his tenure as Yang di-Pertuan Agong (2024–present), Sultan Ibrahim's full title and style in Malay is: Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong Sultan Ibrahim [80]
while in English: His Majesty Sultan Ibrahim, King of Malaysia [81] or simply His Majesty The King of Malaysia [82]
Ancestors of Ibrahim Iskandar of Johor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Al-Mu’tassimu Billahi Muhibbuddin Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Badlishah was the 28th Sultan of Kedah from 1958 until his death in 2017, the fifth Yang di-Pertuan Agong from 1970 to 1975, and again as the fourteenth from 2011 to 2016. He was the first and only ruler to reign as Yang di-Pertuan Agong twice, as well as the oldest elected to the office. Immediately prior to his death, he was the second longest-reigning living monarch in the world after Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.
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Major General Tunku Ismail ibni Sultan Ibrahim is a member of the Johor royal family who is the Regent and Crown Prince of Johor as well as the heir apparent to the throne of Johor. He is the eldest son of Sultan Ibrahim and the Permaisuri of Johor Raja Zarith Sofiah. He is also the grandson of both Sultan Iskandar of Johor and Sultan Idris Shah II of Perak.
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Raja Zarith Sofiah binti Almarhum Sultan Idris Shah is the Raja Permaisuri Agong (Queen) of Malaysia and the Permaisuri (Queen) of Johor as a wife of Sultan Ibrahim ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar. She was born as a member of the Perak royal family. While still attending Somerville College, Oxford, she married the heir to the throne of Johor. Now a mother of six, she participates in the work of non-governmental organisations and universities, and writes a periodical column for a newspaper.
The Most Exalted Order of the Crown of the Realm is a Malaysian federal award. It is ranked lower than the Order of the Royal Family of Malaysia.
Tunku Abdul Rahman Hassanal Jefri ibni Sultan Ibrahim, also known as Prince Jefri Ibrahim, is a member of the Johor royal family and Tunku Panglima of Johor. He is the third son of Sultan Ibrahim and Raja Zarith Sofiah. He is also the grandson of both Sultan Iskandar of Johor and Sultan Idris Shah II of Perak.
Tunku Iskandar ibni Tunku Ismail is a member of the Johor royal family who is the Raja Muda of Johor. He is the first son and second child of the current Tunku Mahkota of Johor, Major General Tunku Mahkota Ismail ibni Sultan Ibrahim and his consort, Che’ Puan Mahkota Khaleeda Johor. As his father is the heir apparent, upon his birth, Tunku Iskandar becomes second in line of succession to the throne of Johor.
Tunku Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah binti Almarhum Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj is the Tengku Ampuan of the state of Pahang as the first wife of Al-Sultan Abdullah Ri'ayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah. Previously, she was the 16th Raja Permaisuri Agong during her husband's reign as the 16th Yang di-Pertuan Agong from 2019 to 2024. She is also the younger sister of the 17th and current Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Sultan Ibrahim.
Che' Puan Mahkota Khaleeda Johor is the wife of Tunku Ismail ibni Sultan Ibrahim. Through her marriage she is known as the Consort of the Regent and Crown Prince of the Malaysian State of Johor.
Tengku Hassanal Ibrahim Alam Shah ibni Al-Sultan Abdullah Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah is a member of Pahang royal family who is the Tengku Mahkota of Pahang and heir apparent to the Pahang throne. He is the eldest son of the Sultan of Pahang, Al-Sultan Abdullah Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah and the Tengku Ampuan of Pahang, Tunku Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah. He served as the Regent of Pahang while his father reigned as the 16th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia from January 2019 to January 2024.
Tunku Idris Iskandar Al-Haj ibni Sultan Ibrahim is a member of the Johor royal family who is the Tunku Temenggong of Johor. Currently, he is fourth in the line of succession to the throne of Johor after his elder brother, the Crown Prince Tunku Ismail Idris and nephews, Tunku Iskandar Abdul Jalil Abu Bakar Ibrahim and Tunku Abu Bakar Ibrahim.
Enche’ Besar Hajah Khalsom binti Abdullah was the first wife of Sultan Iskandar and mother of Sultan Ibrahim, who is the current Sultan of Johor and the seventeenth Yang di-Pertuan Agong since 31 January 2024. One of her daughters, Tunku Azizah, married Sultan Abdullah, the current Sultan of Pahang, who was previously the sixteenth Yang di-Pertuan Agong.
Tunku Tun Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah binti Sultan Ibrahim is a member of the Johor royal family as the second child and only daughter of the current Sultan of Johor, Sultan Ibrahim ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar and the Permaisuri of Johor, Raja Zarith Sofiah binti Almarhum Sultan Idris Shah.