List of earth stations in Australia

Last updated

A number of historic and current Earth (or ground) stations in Australia are used to communicate and track human-made satellites. Many of the sites are associated with overseas government partnerships established generally with the United States, European Union, and Japan. They are generally run by various Australian Government agencies along with NASA, European Space Agency or the US Military.

Contents

List of sites

No.StationComplexLocationOverseas country/company involvedPurposeActive
1 Island Lagoon Tracking Station Island Lagoon Tracking Station Woomera, SA Flag of the United States.svg  United States Minitrack Radio Tracking Station
Baker-Nunn Camera Optical Tracking Station.
Project Mercury Radio Tracking Stations
Deep Space Probe Radio Tracking Station (85 foot diameter antenna)
No
2 Joint Defense Facility Nurrungar Island Lagoon Tracking Station Arcoona, SA Flag of the United States.svg  United States Space based surveillance. Moved to Pine GapNo
3 Muchea Tracking Station Muchea Tracking Station Muchea, WA Flag of the United States.svg  United States Project Mercury (replaced by Carnarvon)No
4(Unknown) Adelaide Earth Station(Unknown) Adelaide Earth Station Adelaide, SA Flag of the United States.svg  United States Unknown transit Navigational Satellite Program for weather facilities - required an Earth station near Adelaide. [1] Unknown
5 Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex Tidbinbilla, ACT Flag of the United States.svg  United States NASA Deep Space Network Yes
6 Carnarvon Tracking Station Carnarvon Earth Stations Carnarvon, WA Flag of the United States.svg  United States Tracking and Data Acquisition Station for uncrewed scientific and crewed satellitesNo
7 OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon Carnarvon Earth Stations Carnarvon, WA Flag of Europe.svg  Europe European Space Agency - Space vehicle trackingYes
8(Unknown) Darwin Earth station(Unknown) Darwin Earth station Darwin, NT Flag of the United States.svg  United States Unknown Mobile Data Acquisition Station for uncrewed scientific satellites and space vehicles. [2] Possibly Shoal Bay Receiving Station Unknown
9 Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station Honeysuckle Creek, ACT Flag of the United States.svg  United States Tracking and Data Acquisition Station, primarily for support of crewed flightNo
10 Cooby Creek Tracking Station Cooby Creek Tracking Station South of Toowoomba, QLD Flag of the United States.svg  United States Applications Technology Satellite (ATS) facilityNo
11 Parkes CSIRO Earth Station Parkes CSIRO Earth Station Parkes, NSW CSIRO CSIRO, NASA Deep Space Network. [3] Yes
12 Orroral Valley Tracking Station Orroral Valley Tracking Station Orroral Valley, ACT Flag of the United States.svg  United States Flag of France.svg  France Spacecraft Tracking and Data Acquisition Network, DORIS (geodesy) [4] No [5] [6]
13 Yatharagga Yatharagga West Australian Space CentreNear Yarragadee, WA Flag of the United States.svg  United States Flag of France.svg  France NASA Mobile Laser Ranging Facility and DORIS (geodesy) beacon [4] [6] - now operated by the Swedish Space Corporation Yes
14 Pine Gap Pine Gap Near Alice Springs, NT Flag of the United States.svg  United States Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System, ECHELON, Aquacade trackingYes
15 Crib Point Satellite Earth Station at HMAS Cerberus Naval Base Crib Point Satellite Earth Station at HMAS Cerberus Naval Base Near Crib Point, VIC Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Meteorological Satellite Earth Station for Japanese and Chinese weather satellites e.g. Himawari Geostationary Meteorological Satellites.Yes
16 New Norcia Station New Norcia Station New Norcia, WA Flag of Europe.svg  Europe ESTRACK for the European Space AgencyYes
17 Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station Geraldton, WA Flag of the United States.svg  United States ECHELON Yes
18 Dongara Satellite Station Yatharagga West Australian Space CentreNear Yarragadee, WA Flag of the United States.svg  United States Earth station Tracking and Data Relay Satellite Facility - now operated by the Swedish Space Corporation Yes
19 Perth Station Perth International Telecommunications Centre Gnangara (Perth), WA Flag of Europe.svg  Europe ESTRACK for the European Space Agency operated by the Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia) and Parkes Radiotelescope of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial ResearchYes
20Regency Park Optus Earth StationRegency Park Optus Earth Station Regency Park, SA Optus - SingTel, Intelsat Intelsat Earth station with 1 tracking and 2 fixed antennae and serves as a Tracking, Telemetry & Control backup site. [3] Yes
21Belrose Optus Earth StationBelrose Optus Earth Station Belrose, NSW Optus - SingTel Belrose is the key operations centre for Optus telecommunications satellite services and controls the Optus satellite fleet. Belrose Satellite Operations comprises teams for satellite control, satellite support, satellite network management, VSAT operations and Earth station support. Belrose also provides launch support and consulting services for non-Optus satellites, whose global operations encompass Norway, Sweden, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and Japan. The site hosts a total of 44 antennae, 8 tracking and 36 fixed. It has 61 high power amplifiers for transmission. [3] Yes
22Lockridge Optus Earth StationLockridge Optus Earth Station Lockridge, WA Optus - SingTel The Lockridge Earth Station supports international and domestic satellite services. It is continuously staffed as a key Tracking, Telemetry & Control facility. It hosts 12 tracking and 10 fixed antennae. [3] Yes
23Oxford Falls Optus Earth StationOxford Falls Optus Earth Station Oxford Falls, NSW Optus - SingTel, Intelsat The Oxford Falls Earth Station is Optus' international gateway for voice, data and video services from international news gatherers as well as providing international communications for key Australian government departments and pay TV providers. The 8 antennas (4 tracking) at Oxford Falls are pointed to 2 Intelsat satellites, as well as New Skies and Asiasat satellites. [3] Yes
24Tasmanian Earth Resources Satellite StationTasmanian Earth Resources Satellite Station Hobart, TAS VariousThe Tasmanian Earth Resources Satellite Station (TERSS) is an X-band groundstation designed and built in Australia. TERSS was created by a group of partners including: CSIRO Division of Oceanography, CSIRO Office of Space Science and Applications, The University of Tasmania, The Australian Space Office, The Bureau of Meteorology, The Australian Centre for Remote Sensing (ACRES), The Australian Antarctic Division [7] Yes
25Uralla Lockheed Martin Earth StationUralla Lockheed Martin Earth Station Uralla, NSW Lockheed Martin Lockheed Martin Australia owns and operates this Earth station to provide telemetry, tracking and command services for a wide range of customers. [8] [3] Yes
26Mawson Lakes NewSat Earth StationMawson Lakes NewSat Earth Station Mawson Lakes (Adelaide), SA NewSat 12 antennas from 2.4 to 13 m in diameter, with C and Ku - band capabilities to 12 geosynchronous satellites. [3] Yes
27Bassendean NewSat Earth StationBassendean NewSat Earth Station Bassendean (Perth), WA NewSat 11 antennas from 2.4 to 13 m in diameter, with C and Ku - band capabilities to 9 geosynchronous satellites. [3] Yes
28Sydney BoM Earth StationSydney BoM Earth Station Sydney, NSW BoM One or more satellite antennas that receive data either in L-band or X-band. The signals are processed by on-site computers and the ingested satellite data is distributed around Australia and internationally. [3] Yes
29Melbourne BoM Earth StationMelbourne BoM Earth Station Melbourne, VIC BoM One or more satellite antennas that receive data either in L-band or X-band. The signals are processed by on-site computers and the ingested satellite data is distributed around Australia and internationally. [3] Yes
30Perth WASTAC Earth StationPerth WASTAC Earth Station Murdoch (Perth), WA WASTACThere is one receiver: an L and X-band receiver at Murdoch University, Murdoch. A microwave link exists between the various WASTAC members: Bureau of Meteorology, Landgate's - Satellite Remote Sensing Services, Curtin University of Technology's - Remote Sensing and Satellite Research Group, CSIRO Space Sciences and Technology, Murdoch University, Geoscience Australia [9] Yes
31 Shoal Bay Receiving Station Shoal Bay Receiving Station Shoal Bay (Darwin), NT ASD 17 antennas. Possibly ECHELON Yes
32 Darwin Weather Data Earth Station Shoal Bay Receiving Station Shoal Bay (Darwin), NT BoM One or more satellite antennas that receive data either in L-band or X-band. The signals are processed by on-site computers and the ingested satellite data is distributed around Australia and internationally. [3] Yes
33 Casey Station Casey Station Casey Station (Antarctica), AAD BoM, AAD ANARESAT satellite communications antenna [10]
A Himawari-8 satellite tracking antenna [11]
Yes
34 Davis Station Davis Station Davis Station (Antarctica), AAD BoM, AAD ANARESAT satellite communications antenna [10]
A Himawari-8 satellite tracking antenna [3] [11]
Yes
35 Mawson Station Mawson Station Mawson Station (Antarctica), AAD AAD ANARESAT satellite communications antenna [10] Yes
36 Macquarie Island Station Macquarie Island Station Macquarie Island Station (Antarctica), AAD AAD ANARESAT satellite communications antenna [10] Yes
37 Parkes CSIRO Earth Station Parkes CSIRO Earth Station Parkes, NSW CSIRO CSIRO, NASA Deep Space Network. [3] Yes
38 Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station Kojarena, near Geraldton WA Flag of the United States.svg  United States signals intelligence facility. [3] Yes
39 Mount Stromlo Observatory Mount Stromlo Observatory Mount Stromlo, ACT Flag of France.svg  France DORIS (geodesy) beacon [4] [6] moved from Orroral Valley.Yes
40BLUEsat UNSW/ACSER Groundstation, UNSW, Kensington UNSW Kensington, NSW BLUEsat UNSW Microsatellite Groundstation [12] Yes
41Oxford Falls Telstra Earth Station (Sydney Earth Station)Oxford Falls Telstra International Telecommunication Centre Oxford Falls, NSW Telstra International - Telstra,The Oxford Falls Earth Station (Sydney Earth Station) is a Telstra International gateway for voice, data and video services. It provides diverse international and domestic services to private enterprise and Australian government departments, remote sites, mobility providers and pay TV providers. This site has 22 antennas which are pointed to a variety of satellite positions in the Asia-Pacific Region.Yes
42Gnangara Telstra Earth Station (Perth Earth Station)Perth Telstra International Telecommunication Centre Landsdale, Western Australia Telstra International - Telstra,The Gnangara Earth Station (Perth Earth Station) is a Telstra International gateway for voice, data and video services. It provides diverse international and domestic services to private enterprise and Australian government departments, remote sites, mobility providers and pay TV providers. This site has 20 antennas which are pointed to a variety of satellite positions in the Asia-Pacific and Indian Ocean Regions.Yes
43 HMAS Harman Defence Communications Station (DEFCOMMSTA) CanberraHarman, ACT Royal Australian Navy Defence communications ( 35°21′02″S149°11′58″E / 35.3505°S 149.1994°E / -35.3505; 149.1994 )Yes
44 Optus Hume, ACT Optus 35°23′43″S149°09′58″E / 35.3953°S 149.1662°E / -35.3953; 149.1662 Yes
45Telstra - BendigoTelstraBendigo, VicTelstra1 Sidney Myer Pl, Bendigo VIC 3550Yes
46Telstra - HawthornTelstraHawthorn, VicTelstra-37.82221719521082, 145.03660961011317Yes

Treaties

A number of treaties and other instruments associated with the stations:

DateCountryDetailsStation
7 June 1957Flag of the United States.svg  United States United States Naval Research Laboratory and the Department of Supply of the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia to establish the Minitrack Radio Tracking Station at Woomera. [13] Island Lagoon Tracking Station
12 September 1957Flag of the United States.svg  United States Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory of the Smithsonian Institution and the Department of Supply of the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia to establish Baker-Nunn Camera Optical Tracking Station at Woomera. [13] Island Lagoon Tracking Station
26 February 1960Flag of the United States.svg  United States The first formalised agreement between the US and Australia on Space Vehicle and Communication establishing the early tracking stations of 1957 as well as new stations at Woomera and Perth for Project Mercury, as well as a Deep Space Probe Radio Tracking Station (85 foot diameter antenna) at Woomera. [13] Island Lagoon Tracking Station, Muchea Tracking Station
5 June 1961Flag of the United States.svg  United States Transit Navigational Satellite Program for weather facilities - required an Earth station near Adelaide. [1] Unknown
11 February 1963Flag of the United States.svg  United States Extending the 1960 agreement to cover Carnarvon, Darwin and what would become Tidbinbilla/Orroral Valley Tracking Station for NASA Deep Space Radio Tracking. [2] Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex, Orroral Valley Tracking Station Carnarvon Tracking Station, Darwin Earth Station
22 October 1963Flag of the United States.svg  United States Further formalisation of Tibinbilla and Orroral Valley Tracking Station for a Deep Space Radio Tracking Facility and a Wide Band Command and Data Acquisition Facility. [14] Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex, Carnarvon Tracking Station, Orroral Valley Tracking Station
10 February 1965Flag of the United States.svg  United States Addition of a "Tracking and Data Acquisition Station, primarily for support of crewed flight, to be located near Canberra" (Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station). [15] Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station
7 December 1965Flag of the United States.svg  United States Addition of an "Applications Technology Satellite (ATS) facility at Cooby Creek, Darling Downs near Toowoomba." (Cooby Creek Tracking Station) [16] Cooby Creek Tracking Station
26 February 1970Flag of the United States.svg  United States Confirming the present sites, and adding that a 210-foot-diameter antenna shall be established at the Tidbinbilla Deep Space Station [17] Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex
7 July 1977Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Turn Around Ranging Station (unspecified) supporting the first Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS or Himarwari 1) [18] Unspecified
27 June 1978Flag of the United States.svg  United States Adding Yatharagga to US agreement. [19] Yatharagga
15 June 1979Flag of Europe.svg  Europe Agreement between the Government of Australia and the European Space Agency for a Co-operative Space Vehicle Tracking Program [20] OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon, Perth International Telecommunications Centre
26 May 1980Flag of the United States.svg  United States Confirming the list of active sites. [21] no new sites
22 September 1981Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Turn Around Ranging Station (unspecified) supporting Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-2 (GMS or Himarwari 2) [23] Unspecified - possibly Crib Point Satellite Earth Station
1 May 1985Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Turn Around Ranging Station (unspecified) supporting Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-3 (GMS or Himarwari 3) [24] Unspecified - possibly Crib Point Satellite Earth Station
21 January 1987Flag of Europe.svg  Europe Further to the agreement of 1979 identification of sites as Carnarvon (OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon) and Gnangara (Perth) (Perth International Telecommunications Centre) operated by the Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia) and Parkes Radiotelescope of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. [25] OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon, Perth International Telecommunications Centre
16 November 1988Flag of the United States.svg  United States Extending Pine Gap [26] Pine Gap
2 May 1990Flag of the United States.svg  United States Update of active stations to: Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex, Yarragadee, and Alice Springs (Pine Gap) [27] Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex, Yatharagga, Pine Gap
8 August 1990Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Agreement to support the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-4 (GMS or Himarwari 4) through a Turn Around Ranging Station (at Crib Point Satellite Earth Station) [28] [29] Crib Point Satellite Earth Station
18 October 1994Flag of France.svg  France DORIS Beacon agreements [6] Yatharagga, Orroral Valley Tracking Station, Mount Stromlo Observatory
20 October 1997Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Agreement to support the Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-5 (GMS or Himarwari 5) through a Turn Around Ranging Station (at Crib Point Satellite Earth Station) [30] [29] Crib Point Satellite Earth Station
4 June 1998Flag of the United States.svg  United States Extension of Pine Gap arrangement [31] Pine Gap
4 August 2000Flag of the United States.svg  United States Removal of Yarragadee from the agreement. [32] Yatharagga
16 February 2007Flag of the United States.svg  United States Agreement with the US on what would become project ECHELON at the Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station [33] [34] [35] [36] Australian Defence Satellite Communications Station
23 August 2007Flag of Europe.svg  Europe General agreement [37] Unspecified
25 February 2010Flag of the United States.svg  United States Addition of a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite Facility at Dongara. [38] Dongara Satellite Station
11 January 2012Flag of the United States.svg  United States Extension of 2010 agreement to 2014. [39] N/A
27 March 2014Flag of the United States.svg  United States Extension of 2012 agreement to 2018. [40] N/A

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References

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