List of invasive species in Europe

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This is a list of invasive species in Europe. A species is regarded as invasive if it has become introduced to a location, area, or region where it did not previously occur naturally (i.e., is not a native species) and becomes capable of establishing a breeding population in the new location. An invasive species will be one that thrives in its new environment and negatively influences the ecology and biodiversity of that ecosystem. Negative effects can also affect humans, by compromising health (e.g. vectors of diseases) or socioeconomic systems (e.g. damages to agriculture or forestry).

Contents

The term invasive species refers to a subset of those species defined as introduced species. If a species has been introduced but remains local, and is not problematic to human systems or to the local biodiversity, then it does not belong on this list.

Plants

Solidago canadensis (Canada goldenrod) Kanadische Goldrute, Solidago canadensis - Invasives Unkraut.jpg
Solidago canadensis (Canada goldenrod)

Algae

Animals

Bryozoans

Cnidarians

Ctenophores

Arthropods

Crustaceans

Insects

Chordates

Ascidians

Amphibians

Birds

Fish

Mammals

Reptiles

Molluscs

Marine

The veined rapa whelk, Rapana venosa Rapana Black Sea 2008 G1.jpg
The veined rapa whelk, Rapana venosa
A shell of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha Dreissena polymorpha3.jpg
A shell of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha

Freshwater

Annelids

Nematodes

Platyhelminthes

Fungi

European priorities

Different initiatives have been promoted in order to prioritize species among this long (and ongoing) list. Some examples are:

Related Research Articles

<i>Elodea</i> Genus of aquatic plants

Elodea is a genus of 6 species of aquatic plants often called the waterweeds described as a genus in 1803. Classified in the frog's-bit family (Hydrocharitaceae), Elodea is native to the Americas and is also widely used as aquarium vegetation and laboratory demonstrations of cellular activities. It lives in fresh water. An older name for this genus is Anacharis, which serves as a common name in North America.

<i>Caulerpa taxifolia</i> Species of alga

Caulerpa taxifolia is a species of green seaweed, an alga of the genus Caulerpa, native to tropical waters of the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Caribbean Sea. The species name taxifolia arises from the resemblance of its leaf-like fronds to those of the yew (Taxus).

<i>Mytilopsis leucophaeata</i> Species of bivalve

Mytilopsis leucophaeata is a species of small bivalve mollusc in the false mussel family, Dreissenidae. It is commonly known as Conrad's false mussel or the dark false mussel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mediterranean mussel</span> Species of bivalve

The Mediterranean mussel is a species of bivalve, a marine mollusc in the family Mytilidae. It is an invasive species in many parts of the world, and also an object of aquaculture.

<i>Lagarosiphon major</i> Species of aquatic plant

Lagarosiphon major is a monocotic aquatic plant native to Southern Africa. Common names include African elodea, curly waterweed, oxygen weed and South African oxygen weed. It is used as freshwater aquarium plant.

<i>Pheidole megacephala</i> Species of ant

Pheidole megacephala is a species of ant in the family Formicidae. It is commonly known as the big-headed ant in the US and the coastal brown ant in Australia. It is a very successful invasive species and is considered a danger to native ants in Australia and other places. It is regarded as one of the world's worst invasive ant species.

100 of the World's Worst Invasive Alien Species is a list of invasive species compiled in 2000 from the Global Invasive Species Database, a database of invasive species around the world. The database is run by the Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The ISSG acknowledges that it is "very difficult to identify 100 invasive species from around the world that really are 'worse' than any others. ... Absence from the list does not imply that a species poses a lesser threat." In 2013, the ISSG updated their list to supersede the recently eradicated † rinderpest virus, and a few genus and species names were altered.

<i>Trichomyrmex destructor</i> Species of ant

Trichomyrmex destructor is a species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae. Its common names include destructive trailing ant or Singapore ant. It is a pest species in urban areas, known for causing costly damage to structures, vehicles, and electronic devices with its chewing activity. In 2015, the species was moved from the genus Monomorium to the revised genus Trichomyrmex.

References

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  5. Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed). CABI, Invasive Species Compendium. Retrieved on 2020-04-27
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  20. Nicotiana glauca(tree tobacco). CABI, Invasive Species Compendium. Retrieved on 2020-04-27
  21. Oxalis pes-caprae. ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2020-04-27
  22. Fallopia japonica distribution in Europe Archived 2011-06-11 at the Wayback Machine . ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-03-03.
  23. Invasive Alien Species in Northern Ireland: Rhododendron ponticum Archived 2011-05-17 at the Wayback Machine . National Museums Northern Ireland. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
  24. Robinia pseudoacacia distribution in Europe Archived 2011-06-11 at the Wayback Machine . ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-03-03.
  25. "Rosa rugosa (rugosa rose)". Invasive Species Compendium (ISC). CAB International . Retrieved 2022-08-14.
  26. "Invasive Goldenrod is Killing Europe's Ants and Butterflies". Scientific American . Retrieved 2023-06-05.
  27. "Misèria".
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  30. "Bugula neritina (brown bryozoan)". Invasive Species Compendium (ISC). CAB International.
  31. "Datasheet Schizoporella errata (branching bryozoan)". Invasive Species Compendium (ISC). CAB International.
  32. "Datasheet Tricellaria inopinata". Invasive Species Compendium (ISC). CAB International.
  33. "Cordylophora (euryhaline hydroid)". Invasive Species Compendium (ISC). CAB International.
  34. "Bay barnacle (Balanus improvisus)" (PDF). Främmande arter i svenska hav. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 12, 2010. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
  35. "Chelicorophium curvispinum (Caspian mud shrimp)".
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  37. "Austrominius modestus".
  38. Eriocheir sinensis. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2020-11-01.
  39. "Limnomysis benedeni".
  40. "Limnoria lignorum (Gribble)".
  41. Holdich, D. and Black, J. 2007. The spiny-cheek crayfish, Orconectes limosus (Rafinesque, 1817) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Cambaridae), digs into the UK [ dead link ]. Aquatic Invasions 2(1):1–16.
  42. The virile crayfish, Orconectes virilis (Hagen, 1870) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Cambaridae), identified in the UK. Ahern, Daniel, et al. 2008. Aquatic Invasions 3(1):102-104. Retrieved on 2008-12-03.
  43. Pacifastacus leniusculus. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2022-11-01.
  44. "Palaemon elegans (Rock shrimp)".
  45. Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet: Paralithodes camtschaticus. North European and Baltic Network on Invasive Alien Species. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
  46. "Pontogammarus robustoides".
  47. Procambarus clarkii. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2022-11-01.
  48. "Adelges piceae (Balsam woolly adelgid)".
  49. "Agrilus planipennis (emerald ash borer)". Invasive Species Compendium (ISC). CAB International . Retrieved 2022-08-14.
  50. "Aleurodicus dispersus (Whitefly)".
  51. "Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid)".
  52. "Aproceros leucopoda (elm zigzag sawfly)". Invasive Species Compendium (ISC). CAB International . Retrieved 2022-08-14.
  53. "Aromia bungii (Red necked longicorn)".
  54. "Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly)" . Retrieved 2022-11-01.
  55. "Cacyreus marshalli (Pelargonium butterfly)".
  56. "Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly)".
  57. "Chilo suppressalis (Striped rice stem borer)".
  58. "Cinara cupressi sensu lato (Cypress aphid)".
  59. "Corythucha ciliata (Sycamore lace bug)".
  60. "Cryptotermes brevis (Powderpost termite)".
  61. "Ctenarytaina eucalypti (Blue gum psyllid)".
  62. "Cydalima perspectalis (Box tree moth)".
  63. "Dendroctonus micans (Great spruce bark beetle)".
  64. "Dreyfusia nordmannianae (Silver fir adelges)".
  65. "Drosophila suzukii (Spotted wing drosophila)".
  66. "Dryocosmus kuriphilus (chestnut gall wasp)".
  67. "Epiphyas postvittana (Light brown apple moth)".
  68. "Frankliniella occidentalis (Western flower thrips)".
  69. "Gilpinia hercyniae (Spruce sawfly)".
  70. Harmonia axyridis. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2022-11-01.
  71. "Hypogeococcus pungens (Cactus mealybug)".
  72. "Icerya purchasi (Cottony cushion scale)".
  73. Invasive Alien Species in Northern Ireland: Leptinotarsa decemlineata Archived 2011-05-19 at the Wayback Machine . National Museums Northern Ireland. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
  74. "Leptocybe invasa (Blue gum chalcid)".
  75. "Linepithema humile (Argentine ant)".
  76. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 "Decreto-Lei n.o 565/99 de 21 de Dezembro" [Decree-Law No 565/99 of December 21](PDF). Diário da República (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional. 21 December 1999. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  77. "Megastigmus spermotrophus (Douglas-fir seed chalcid)".
  78. "Opogona sacchari (Banana moth)".
  79. "Paratrechina longicornis (Crazy ant)".
  80. "Paysandisia archon (South American palm borer)".
  81. "Pheidole megacephala (Big-headed ant)".
  82. "Phoracantha semipunctata (Eucalyptus longhorned borer)".
  83. "Phyllonorycter issikii (Lime leafminer)".
  84. "Rhagoletis cingulata (Cherry fruit fly)".
  85. "Scientific Opinion on pest categorisation of Grapevine Flavescence dorée". EFSA Journal. 12 (2014, 12(10):3851): 3851. 2014. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3851 .
  86. "The invasive ant Solenopsis invicta is established in Europe". Current Biology. 33 (17): R896–R897. September 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.07.036 .
  87. Heckford, R J; Beavan, P J; Lees, David C (2003). "Simacauda dicommatias (Meyrick, 1931) {Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae), a South American species established in Cornwall, new to the British Isles and unknown in mainland Europe, with first details of its biology". Entomologist's Gazette. 73 (4): 193–218. doi:10.31184/G00138894.734.1873 . Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  88. "Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Bronze bug)".
  89. "Trialeurodes ricini (Castor bean whitefly)".
  90. "Vespula germanica (German wasp)".
  91. "Vespula vulgaris (Wasp, common)".
  92. "Xyleborus perforans (Island pinhole borer)".
  93. "Xylosandrus germanus (Black timber bark beetle)".
  94. "Microcosmus squamiger".
  95. "Polyandrocarpa zorritensis".
  96. Styela clava. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2022-11-01.
  97. "Acridotheres tristis (Common myna)".
  98. "Alopochen aegyptiaca (Egyptian goose)".
  99. http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22719614/0
  100. http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22719574/0
  101. http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22719570/0
  102. http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22719761/0
  103. http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22719164/0
  104. Weston, Phoebe (6 June 2022). "'The next parakeet': Britain's dawn chorus at risk from Asian songbird". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 June 2022. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
  105. "Oxyura jamaicensis (ruddy duck)".
  106. "Phasianus colchicus (Common pheasant)".
  107. http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22718921/0
  108. http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22718949/0
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  110. "Alburnus alburnus (Bleak)".
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  112. "Carassius auratus auratus (Goldfish)".
  113. "Carassius gibelio (Prussian carp)".
  114. "Esox lucius (Pike)".
  115. "Gambusia holbrooki (Eastern mosquitofish)".
  116. "Aristichthys nobilis (Bighead carp)".
  117. "Leuciscus leuciscus (Common dace)".
  118. "Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout)".
  119. "Perccottus glenii (Amur sleeper)".
  120. "Rutilus rutilus (Roach)".
  121. "Sander lucioperca (Pike-perch)".
  122. "Ammotragus lervia (Aoudad)".
  123. "Axis axis (Indian spotted deer)".
  124. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Invasive Alien Species of Union Concern" (PDF). European Commission. 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
  125. "Callosciurus finlaysonii (Finlayson's squirrel)".
  126. "Capra hircus (Goats)".
  127. "Castor canadensis (Beaver)".
  128. "Equus asinus (Donkeys)".
  129. "Mustela furo (Ferret)".
  130. Ćirović, Duško; Raković, Maja; Milenković, Miroljub; Paunović, Milan (6 July 2010). "Small Indian Mongoose Herpestes auropunctatus (Herpestidae, Carnivora): an invasive species in Montenegro". Biological Invasions. 13 (2): 393–399. doi:10.1007/s10530-010-9831-7. S2CID   24084528.
  131. http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/157246/0
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  133. "Kalifornische Kettennatter: Breitet sich die Art jetzt auch in Deutschland aus?". Der Spiegel (in German). 2022-08-08. ISSN   2195-1349 . Retrieved 2022-08-12.
  134. "Arion vulgaris (Spanish slug)".
  135. "Deroceras invadens (Tramp slug)".
  136. "Petricolaria pholadiformis (False angel wing)".
  137. "Pinctada imbricata radiata (Rayed pearl oyster)".
  138. 100 of the worst invasive species in Europe
  139. "Corbicula fluminalis".
  140. Morais, P.; et al. (2009). "The Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774) in the Guadiana River Basin (southwestern Iberian Peninsula): Setting the record straight" (PDF). Aquatic Invasions. 4 (4): 681–684. doi: 10.3391/ai.2009.4.4.14 .
  141. 1 2 Popa, O.; Popa, L. O. (2006). "Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834), Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774), Dreissena bugensis (Andrusov, 1897) (Mollusca: Bivalvia): Alien invasive species in Romanian fauna" (PDF). Travaux du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle "Grigore Antipa". 49: 7–12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-20. Retrieved 2010-03-22.
  142. Katharina C. M. Heiler, Sascha Brandt, Christian Albrecht, Torsten Hauffe, Thomas Wilke: A new approach for dating introduction events of the quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis). In: Biological Invasions. Online First.
  143. "Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Tubeworm)".
  144. "Lumbricus terrestris".
  145. "Marenzelleria neglecta (Red gilled mud worm)".
  146. "Anguillicoloides crassus".
  147. "Globodera rostochiensis (Yellow potato cyst nematode)".
  148. "Bothriocephalus acheilognathi".