Ludwigia grandiflora

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Ludwigia grandiflora
Jussiaea grandiflora.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Onagraceae
Genus: Ludwigia
Species:
L. grandiflora
Binomial name
Ludwigia grandiflora
Synonyms [1]
List
    • Adenola grandiflora(Michx.) Raf.
    • Jussiaea grandifloraMichx.
    • Jussiaea grandiflora f. natansGlück
    • Jussiaea grandiflora f. semiserrataGlück
    • Jussiaea grandiflora f. terrestrisGlück
    • Jussiaea michauxianaFernald
    • Jussiaea repens subsp. grandiflora(Michx.) P.Fourn.
    • Jussiaea repens var. grandiflora(Michx.) Micheli
    • Jussiaea repens var. grandifloraMicheli
    • Jussiaea repens var. hispidaHauman
    • Jussiaea repens f. intermediaHassl.
    • Jussiaea repens var. majorHassl.
    • Jussiaea repens var. uruguayensisHassl.
    • Jussiaea uruguayensisCambess.
    • Jussiaea uruguayensis var. genuinaMunz
    • Jussiaea uruguayensis f. major(Hassl.) Munz
    • Ludwigia clavellina var. grandiflora(Michx.) M.Gómez
    • Ludwigia uruguayensis(Cambess.) H.Hara
    • Ludwigia uruguayensis var. major(Hassl.) Munz

Ludwigia grandiflora, the water primrose, is an aquatic plant of the order Myrtales. [2]

Contents

It is closely related and easily confused with Ludwigia hexapetala . [3] The two species can be distinguished at a chromosomal level, because L. grandiflora is hexaploid and L. hexapetala is decaploid. [4] However, they can be distinguished morphologically. L. grandiflora has villous hairs, smaller flowers and smaller pollen grains. [4] Some authorities consider that these differences are too slight to consider these different species and so separate these taxa as two varieties or two subspecies. [5] [6]

Invasive species

Ludwigia grandiflora has been listed on the List of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern since 2016 [7] and in the United States it is on the South Carolina State-listed Noxious Weed list. [8] It out-competes other plants by forming dense mats at the margins and in ponds. [9] It is introduced to warm temperate areas of North America, Japan and Europe and has formed large stable populations, particularly in France. [10] As of summer 2024, the Portuegese city of Arganil announces measures against the species in its river Alva. [11]

Ludwigia grandiflora found in the Lower Hillsborough River Wilderness Preserve in Florida. Ludwigia grandiflora.jpg
Ludwigia grandiflora found in the Lower Hillsborough River Wilderness Preserve in Florida.

Life history

Ludwigia grandiflora can, and does, produce viable seed, but it is also highly effective at vegetative reproduction and apparently recruitment of new plants from seed is low. [12] The large showy flowers attract a wide variety of insects. A study in Belgium, where L. grandiflora is introduced, showed that the flowers are visited by a wide variety of insects including bees, Lepidoptera, beetles and hoverflies. [13]

Related Research Articles

<i>Coreopsis</i> Genus of flowering plants

Coreopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Common names include calliopsis and tickseed, a name shared with various other plants.

<i>Oenothera</i> Genus of plants

Oenothera is a genus of about 145 species of herbaceous flowering plants native to the Americas. It is the type genus of the family Onagraceae. Common names include evening primrose, suncups, and sundrops. They are not closely related to the true primroses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Onagraceae</span> Family of flowering plants

The Onagraceae are a family of flowering plants known as the willowherb family or evening primrose family. They include about 650 species of herbs, shrubs, and trees in 17 genera. The family is widespread, occurring on every continent from boreal to tropical regions.

<i>Ludwigia</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Ludwigia is a genus of about 82 species of aquatic plants with a cosmopolitan but mainly tropical distribution.

<i>Ludwigia alternifolia</i> Species of flowering plant in the willowherb family Onagraceae

Ludwigia alternifolia, commonly known as seedbox, bushy seedbox, rattlebox, and square-pod water-primrose, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Onagraceae. It is native to central and eastern North America, growing in marshes, wet meadows, and swamps. It has yellow, four-petaled flowers and brown seed pods that are shaped like a cube.

<i>Ludwigia sedioides</i> Species of flowering plant

Ludwigia sedioides, commonly known as mosaic flower and false loosestrife, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Onagraceae. It has yellow flowers that bloom from June to August. Native to Brazil and Venezuela, its habitat includes wet, swampy localities.

<i>Ludwigia hexapetala</i> Species of flowering plant in the willowherb family Onagraceae

Ludwigia hexapetala, the water primrose, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Onagraceae. Native to Central and South America, its habitat includes the margins of lakes, ponds, ditches, and streams. Its stems may be immersed or fully emergent. It is a noxious invader of aquatic ecosystems in North America.

<i>Echinodorus</i> Genus of flowering plants in the water-plantain family Alismataceae

Echinodorus, commonly known as burhead or Amazon sword, is a genus of plants in the family Alismataceae, native to the Western Hemisphere from the central United States to Argentina. Its scientific name is derived from Ancient Greek echius – "rough husk" - and doros – "leathern bottle" - alluding to ovaries, which in some species are armed with persistent styles, forming prickly head of fruit. Some of the species are commonly cultivated in artificial aquatic habitats.

<i>Fuchsia magellanica</i> Species of flowering plant

Fuchsia magellanica – commonly known as the hummingbird fuchsia, hardy fuchsia or chilco – is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family Onagraceae, native to the lower Southern Cone of southern South America.

<i>Sonchus arvensis</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Sonchus arvensis, the field milk thistle, field sowthistle, perennial sow-thistle, corn sow thistle, dindle, gutweed, swine thistle, or tree sow thistle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. S. arvensis often occurs in annual crop fields and may cause substantial yield losses.

<i>Gaura</i> Genus of flowering plants

Gaura was a genus of flowering plants in the family Onagraceae, native to North America. The name was derived from Greek γαῦρος (gaûros) meaning "superb" and named in reference to the stature and floral display of some species in this genus. The genus included many species known commonly as beeblossoms. Genetic research showed that the genus was paraphyletic unless the monotypic genus Stenosiphon is included within Gaura, increasing the number of species in the genus to 22. Gaura is now a synonym of Oenothera, with the bulk of the Gaura taxa in genus Oenotherasect. Gaura(L.) W.L.Wagner &Hoch.

<i>Oenothera fruticosa</i> Species of flowering plant

Oenothera fruticosa, the narrowleaf evening primrose or narrow-leaved sundrops, is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family.

<i>Oenothera elata</i> Species of flowering plant

Oenothera elata is a species of Oenothera known by the common name Hooker's evening primrose or tall evening primrose. Subspecies include hookeri, hirsutissima, longisima, jamesii, villosa and elata. It is native to much of western and central North America. The plants are quite tall, especially the hookeri subspecies, native to California, which can reach about 1.8 meters height. The plants are found along roadsides, in moist meadows, or in woodland, from sea level up to 9,000 ft (2,700 m) in elevation.

<i>Ludwigia palustris</i> Species of plant

Ludwigia palustris is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names marsh seedbox, Hampshire-purslane and water purslane. This is an aquatic or semiaquatic perennial herb which grows in moist to wet to flooded areas. It is sometimes a weed. The species epithet palustris is Latin for "of the marsh" and indicates its common habitat.

<i>Ludwigia peploides</i> Species of flowering plant

Ludwigia peploides is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names floating primrose-willow and creeping water primrose. It is native to Australia, New Zealand, North America, and South America, but it can be found on many continents and spreads easily to become naturalized. It is well known as a troublesome aquatic noxious weed that invades water ecosystems and can clog waterways. This is perennial herb which grows in moist to wet to flooded areas. The stem can creep over 2 meters long, sometimes branching. It spreads to form mats on the mud, or floats ascending in the water. The leaves are several centimeters long and are borne in alternately arranged clusters along the stem. The flower has 5 to 6 lance-shaped sepals beneath a corolla of 5 or 6 bright yellow petals up to 2.4 centimeters long. The fruit is a hard, cylindrical capsule.

<i>Altica lythri</i> Species of beetle

Altica lythri is a species of flea beetle from the leaf beetle family, that is common in Asia, Europe, and North Africa, including Israel. The beetles size is 5 mm (0.20 in), and their colour is blue with black and green. They present an ovipositor during oviposition. The species is distributed in European countries such as Finland and Ukraine, to the Asian countries of Azerbaijan, Dagestan, and Turkey. The species hibernate in winter, and come aground during summer months, when they are hungry. They feed on leaves of willowherb, water primroses and sallows. The species could become victims of such predators as Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and adults of Pentatomidae, especially Zicrona caerulea.

<i>Ludwigia decurrens</i> Species of flowering plant

Ludwigia decurrens is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names willow primrose and wingleaf primrose-willow. It is native to the central and eastern United States.

<i>Ludwigia octovalvis</i> Species of plant

Ludwigia octovalvis is a species of flowering plant in the Onagraceae family known by the common name Mexican primrose-willow. Its native distribution is unclear, but can be found in Central America, Australia, South-East Asia, Tamilnadu (IND), the Middle East, the Central-West African regions and spreads easily to become naturalized. It is also cultivated as an aquatic plant. The plant is known for its anti-aging properties. The species is sometimes regarded as an invasive species and is classified by IUCN as of "least concern" with stable populations. An adult plant is one meter tall on average but is able to grow taller. It spreads to form mats on the mud, rooting at nodes in contact with the substrate, or floats ascending in the water. Its flowers are yellow in appearance. They are made up of green and red stems. They yield small capsular fruits containing many minute seeds.

<i>Ludwigia peruviana</i> Species of plant

Ludwigia peruviana, with the common names Peruvian primrose-willow or Peruvian water primrose, is an aquatic, sometimes deciduous species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family. It can grow to approximately 12 feet (3.7 m) in height. While native to Peru, it has been introduced in many other countries for its attractive simple yellow flowers, it is now a common weed in swampy areas around the world.

Ludwigia pilosa, the hairy primrose-willow, is a species of plant in the family Onagraceae.

References

  1. "Ludwigia grandiflora (Michx.) Greuter & Burdet". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 20 July 2023.
  2. "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". The Plant List. Archived from the original on 27 January 2020. Retrieved 27 January 2020.
  3. Jacono, Colette. "Identification of common aquatic water-primrose species, Ludwigia, in Florida" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-01-31. Retrieved 2020-01-27.
  4. 1 2 Zardini, Elsa M.; Gu, Hongya; Raven, Peter H. (1991). "On the separation of two species within the Ludwigia uruguayensis complex (Onagraceae)". Systematic Botany. 16 (2): 242. doi:10.2307/2419276. JSTOR   2419276.
  5. Ward, Daniel Bertram (2012). "New combinations in the Florida Flora III". Phytologia. 94 (3): 459–485. Archived from the original on 2020-01-28. Retrieved 2020-01-28 via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  6. Nesom, Guy; Kartesz, John (2000). "Observations on the Ludwigia uruguayensis complex (Onagraceae) in the United States". Castanea. 65 (2): 123–125. JSTOR   4034110.
  7. "List of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern - Environment - European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Archived from the original on 2019-12-30. Retrieved 2020-01-27.
  8. "South Carolina State Noxious Weeds List | USDA PLANTS". plants.usda.gov. Archived from the original on 2020-09-19. Retrieved 2020-01-28.
  9. "Ludwigia grandiflora - Bugwoodwiki". wiki.bugwood.org. Archived from the original on 2020-01-28. Retrieved 2020-01-28.
  10. Dandelot, Sophie; Verlaque, Régine; Dutartre, Alain; Cazaubon, Arlette (2005). "Ecological, dynamic and taxonomic problems due to Ludwigia (Onagraceae) in France". Hydrobiologia. 551 (1): 131–136. doi:10.1007/s10750-005-4455-0. S2CID   46339363.
  11. https://correiodabeiraserra.sapo.pt/arganil-esta-a-proceder-ao-combate-das-especies-invasoras-no-rio-alva/
  12. Okada, Miki; Grewell, Brenda J.; Jasieniuk, Marie (2009-10-01). "Clonal spread of invasive Ludwigia hexapetala and L. grandiflora in freshwater wetlands of California". Aquatic Botany. 91 (3): 123–129. Bibcode:2009AqBot..91..123O. doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2009.03.006.
  13. Stiers, Iris; Triest, Ludwig (2017-10-01). "Low interspecific pollen transfer between invasive aquatic Ludwigia grandiflora and native co-flowering plants". Biological Invasions. 19 (10): 2913–2925. Bibcode:2017BiInv..19.2913S. doi:10.1007/s10530-017-1494-1. S2CID   7022310. Archived from the original on 2023-07-20. Retrieved 2020-02-03.