List of mammals of Tunisia

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This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Tunisia. Of the mammal species in Tunisia, three are critically endangered, three are endangered, nine are vulnerable, and two are near threatened. One of the species listed for Tunisia can no longer be found in the wild. [1]

Contents

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EXExtinctNo reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EWExtinct in the wildKnown only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CRCritically endangeredThe species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
ENEndangeredThe species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VUVulnerableThe species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NTNear threatenedThe species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LCLeast concernThere are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DDData deficientThere is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Order: Macroscelidea (elephant shrews)

Often called sengis, the elephant shrews or jumping shrews are native to southern Africa. Their common English name derives from their elongated flexible snout and their resemblance to the true shrews.

Order: Rodentia (rats and mice)

Sand rat Psammomys obesus 01.jpg
Sand rat
Barbary striped grass mouse Stripedgrassmouse.jpg
Barbary striped grass mouse

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

Order: Lagomorpha

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Cetacea (whales)

Rough-toothed dolphin Rough toothed dolphin.jpg
Rough-toothed dolphin

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

Fennec fox TA ZOO orna Pict0224.jpg
Fennec fox

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

Red deer RedDeerCaithness.jpg
Red deer
Hartebeest Hardebeest.jpg
Hartebeest
Dama gazelle MhorrGazelleza.jpg
Dama gazelle
Addax Haeckel Antilopina Addax nasomaculatus.jpg
Addax

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Extinct

The following species are locally extinct in the country:

See also

References

  1. ↑ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
  2. ↑ Grubb, P.; Amori, G.; de Smet, K. & Bertolino, S. (2010). "Hystrix cristata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T10746A3211666.
  3. ↑ Amori, G.; Aulagnier, S.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L.J. (2016). "Eliomys melanurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T7619A115085446.
  4. ↑ Johnston, C.H.; Robinson, T.J.; Child, M.F. & Relton, C. (2019). "Lepus capensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T41277A45186750.
  5. ↑ Hutson, A. M.; Spitzenberger, F.; Aulagnier, S.; Juste, J.; Karatas, A.; Palmeirim, J. & Paunovic, M. (2010). "Myotis capaccinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T14126A4399043.
  6. ↑ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Myotis emarginatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T14129A22051191.
  7. ↑ Hutson, A. M.; Spitzenberger, F.; Juste, J.; Aulagnier, S.; Palmeirim, J.; Paunovic, M. & Karatas, A. (2010). "Hypsugo savii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T44856A10955205.
  8. ↑ Gazaryan, S.; Bücs, S. & Çoraman, E. (2020). "Miniopterus schreibersii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T81633057A151216401.
  9. ↑ Benda, P. (2017). "Rhinopoma cystops". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017: e.T82345555A82345569.
  10. ↑ Taylor, P. (2016). "Rhinolophus blasii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T19515A21972073.
  11. ↑ Juste, J. & Alcaldé, J. (2016). "Rhinolophus euryale". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T19516A21971185.
  12. ↑ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Rhinolophus ferrumequinum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T19517A21973253.
  13. ↑ Taylor, P. (2016). "Rhinolophus hipposideros". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T19518A21972794.
  14. ↑ Alcaldé, J.; Benda, P. & Juste, J. (2016). "Rhinolophus mehelyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T19519A21974380.
  15. ↑ Notarbartolo di Sciara G. (2002). "Cetacean Species Occurring in the Mediterranean and Black Seas" (PDF). Cetaceans of the Mediterranean and Black Seas: State of Knowledge and Conservation Strategies. A Report to the ACCOBAMS Secretariat, Monaco. Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca Applicata al Mare and the ACCOBAMS: 1–18. Retrieved 2016-04-16.
  16. ↑ Are humpback whales electing the Mediterranean Sea as new residence?. 28th Annual Conference of the European Cetacean Society. Liege, Belgium. April 2014. Retrieved 2022-05-08– via ResearchGate.
  17. ↑ "Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea" (PDF). J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 6 (1): 25–28. 2004.
  18. ↑ COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the North Atlantic Right Whale Eubalaena glacialis in Canada - 2013- Wildlife Species Description and Significance
  19. ↑ "WhaleNet Information Archive 1997: Right whale sighting in the Mediterranean Sea (fwd)". Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  20. ↑ Monsarrat S.; Pennino G. M.; Smith D. T.; Reeves R.R.; Meynard N. C.; Kaplan M. D.; Rodrigues L. S. A. (2015). "Historical summer distribution of the endangered North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis): a hypothesis based on environmental preferences of a congeneric species" (PDF). Diversity and Distributions. 21 (8): 925–937. Bibcode:2015DivDi..21..925M. doi:10.1111/ddi.12314. S2CID   53593157 . Retrieved 2016-04-20.
  21. ↑ Avgan, B.; Henschel, P. & Ghoddousi, A. (2016). "Caracal caracal". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T3847A102424310.
  22. ↑ Ghoddousi, A.; Belbachir, F.; Durant, S.M.; Herbst, M. & Rosen, T. (2022). "Felis lybica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2022: e.T131299383A154907281. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T131299383A154907281.en .
  23. ↑ Thiel, C. (2015). "Leptailurus serval". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T11638A50654625.
  24. ↑ Gaubert, P.; Carvalho, F.; Camps, D. & Do Linh San, E. (2015). "Genetta genetta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T41698A45218636.
  25. ↑ Do Linh San, E.; Maddock, A.H.; Gaubert, P. & Palomares, F. (2016). "Herpestes ichneumon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T41613A45207211.
  26. ↑ AbiSaid, M. & Dloniak, S.M.D. (2015). "Hyaena hyaena". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T10274A45195080.
  27. ↑ Hoffmann, M. & Atickem, A. (2019). "Canis lupaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T118264888A118265889.
  28. ↑ Mallon, D.; Murdoch, J.D. & Wacher, T. (2015). "Vulpes rueppelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T23053A46197483.
  29. ↑ Hoffmann, M. & Sillero-Zubiri, C. (2016). "Vulpes vulpes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T23062A46190249.
  30. ↑ Wacher, T.; Bauman, K. & Cuzin, F. (2015). "Vulpes zerda". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T41588A46173447.
  31. ↑ Ahmim, M. & Do Linh San, E. (2015). "Ictonyx libyca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T41645A45212347.
  32. ↑ Roos, A.; Loy, A.; de Silva, P.; Hajkova, P. & Zemanová, B. (2015). "Lutra lutra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T12419A21935287.
  33. ↑ Karamanlidis, A. & Dendrinos, P. (2015). "Monachus monachus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T13653A45227543.
  34. ↑ Keuling, O. & Leus, K. (2019). "Sus scrofa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T41775A44141833.
  35. ↑ IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2016). "Gazella cuvieri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T8967A50186003.
  36. ↑ IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2016). "Addax nasomaculatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T512A50180603.
  37. ↑ Tania Gilbert, Tim Woodfine, Marie Petretto, Mohamed Nouioui, Bill Houston, Philip Riordan. "Reintroduction of addax to Djebil National Park,Tunisia". In Book: Re-introduction of Addax to Djebil National Park, Tunisia. In: Global Reintroduction Perspectives: 2018. Case Studies from Around the Globe. (Ed. P.S.Soorae) Publisher: IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group and Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi: 120.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  38. ↑ IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2019). "Alcelaphus buselaphus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T811A143160967.
  39. ↑ "Stone Age tools and animal bones in Tunisia are 'clues to an early human corridor'". ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
  40. ↑ Ham, Anthony; Hole, Abigail (2004). Tunisia. Lonely Planet Publications.
  41. ↑ Wallis, J.; Benrabah, M.E.; Pilot, M.; Majolo, B. & Waters, S. (2020). "Macaca sylvanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T12561A50043570.
  42. ↑ IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2016). "Gazella dama". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T8968A50186128.
  43. ↑ Bauer, H.; Packer, C.; Funston, P. F.; Henschel, P. & Nowell, K. (2016). "Panthera leo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T15951A115130419.
  44. ↑ Stein, A.B.; Athreya, V.; Gerngross, P.; Balme, G.; Henschel, P.; Karanth, U.; Miquelle, D.; Rostro-Garcia, S.; Kamler, J. F.; Laguardia, A.; Khorozyan, I. & Ghoddousi, A. (2020). "Panthera pardus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T15954A163991139.
  45. ↑ McLellan, B. N.; Proctor, M. F.; Huber, D. & Michel, S. (2017). "Ursus arctos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017: e.T41688A121229971.
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