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Type | |
Type | |
Leadership | |
Seats | 96 |
Elections | |
Last election | March 2021 |
Last election | April 2024 |
Meeting place | |
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Parliament of Pakistan | |
Website | |
Official website |
The Senate of Pakistan consists of a total of 96 members. The 1970 assembly framed the 1973 Constitution which was passed on 12 April and promulgated on 14 August 1973. The 1973 Constitution provides for a parliamentary form of government with a bicameral legislature, composed of the National Assembly and the Senate. The membership of the Senate, which was originally 45, was raised to 63 in 1977 and to 87 in 1985. The government of Gen. Pervez Musharraf raised the membership of the Senate from 87 to 100 in 2002. In 2018, the number of seats were reduced from 104 to 96 following the merging of FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa through 25th amendment. [1]
The current party position in Senate is as follows:
Party | Term Expires | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
2027 | 2030 | ||
Pakistan Peoples Party | 10 | 14 | 24 |
Pakistan Muslim League (N) | 6 | 13 | 19 |
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | 17 | 0 | 17 |
Balochistan Awami Party | 4 | 0 | 4 |
Independent | 2 | 3 | 5 |
Jamiat Ulema-e Islam (F) | 3 | 2 | 5 |
Awami National Party | 2 | 1 | 3 |
Mutahidda Qaumi Movement | 2 | 1 | 3 |
Balochistan National Party (M) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen | – | 1 | 1 |
National Party | – | 1 | 1 |
Pakistan Muslim League (Q) | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Sunni Ittehad Council | – | 1 | 1 |
Total | 48 | 37 | 85 |
Name | Party | Constituency | Term Expires | Seat Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aamir Chishti | Muttahida Qaumi Movement | Sindh | March/April 2030 | General |
Abdul Wasey | Jamiatul-Ulema-e-Islam (F) | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | Technocrats |
Agha Shahzaib Durrani | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | General |
Ahad Cheema | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March/April 2030 | General |
Ahmed Khan Andarh Khilji | Jamiatul-Ulema-e-Islam (F) | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | General |
Aimal Wali Khan | Awami National Party | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | General |
Anwarul Haq Kakar | Independent | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | General |
Anusha Rahman | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March/April 2030 | Women |
Ashraf Ali Jatoi | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March/April 2030 | General |
Bilal Khan Mandokhail | Pakistan Peoples Party | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | Technocrats |
Bushra Anjum Butt | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March/April 2030 | Women |
Dost Ali Jessar | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March/April 2030 | General |
Faisal Vawda | Independent | Sindh | March/April 2030 | General |
Hamid Khan | Sunni Ittehad Council | Punjab | March/April 2030 | General |
Hasna Bano | Pakistan Peoples Party | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | Women |
Ishaq Dar | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Islamabad | March/April 2030 | Technocrats |
Jan Muhammad Buledi | National Party (Pakistan) | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | General |
Khalil Tahir Sandhu | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March/April 2030 | Minorities |
Mohsin Raza Naqvi | Independent | Punjab | March/April 2030 | General |
Muhammad Aurangzeb | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March/April 2030 | Technocrats |
Musadik Malik | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March/April 2030 | Technocrats |
Nadeem Ahmed Bhutto | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March/April 2030 | General |
Nasir Butt | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March/April 2030 | General |
Pervaiz Rasheed | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March/April 2030 | General |
Poonjo Mal Bheel | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March/April 2030 | Minorities |
Quratulain Marri | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March/April 2030 | Women |
Rahat Jamali | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | Women |
Raja Nasir Abbas Jafri | Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen | Punjab | March/April 2030 | General |
Rana Mahmood-ul-Hassan | Pakistan Peoples Party | Islamabad | March/April 2030 | General |
Rubina Qaimkhani | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March/April 2030 | Women |
Sardar Umar Gorgaij | Pakistan Peoples Party | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | General |
Sarmad Ali | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March/April 2030 | Technocrats |
Syedaal Khan Nasar | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Balochistan | March/April 2030 | General |
Syed Kazim Ali Shah | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March/April 2030 | General |
Syed Masroor Ahsan | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March/April 2030 | General |
Talal Chaudhry | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March/April 2030 | General |
Zamir Hussain Ghumro | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March/April 2030 | Technocrats |
Name | Party | Constituency | Term Expires | Seat Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
Abdul Ghafoor Haideri | Jamiatul-Ulema-e-Islam (F) | Balochistan | March 2027 | General |
Afnan Ullah Khan | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March 2027 | General |
Aon Abbas | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Punjab | March 2027 | General |
Arbab Umar Farooq | Awami National Party | Balochistan | March 2027 | General |
Atta-ur-Rehman | Jamiatul-Ulema-e-Islam (F) | KPK | March 2027 | General |
Azam Nazeer Tarar | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March 2027 | Technocrats |
Danesh Kumar | Balochistan Awami Party | Balochistan | March 2027 | Minorities |
Dost Muhammad Khan | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2027 | Technocrats/Ulema |
Ejaz Chaudhary | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Punjab | March 2027 | General |
Faisal Saleem Rahman | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2027 | General |
Faisal Subzwari | Mutahidda Qaumi Movement | Sindh | March 2027 | General |
Falak Naz | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2027 | Women |
Farooq Naek | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2027 | Technocrats |
Fawzia Arshad | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Federal Area | March 2027 | Women |
Gurdeep Singh | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2027 | Minorities |
Hidayat Ullah Khan | Awami National Party | KPK | March 2027 | General |
Humayun Mohmand | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2027 | Technocrats |
Irfan Siddiqui | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March 2027 | General |
Jam Mehtab Hussain Dahar | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2027 | General |
Kamil Ali Agha | Pakistan Muslim League | Punjab | March 2027 | General |
Kamran Murtaza | Jamiatul-Ulema-e-Islam (F) | Balochistan | March 2027 | Technocrats |
Khalida Ateeb | Mutahidda Qaumi Movement | Sindh | March 2027 | Women |
Liaqat Khan Tarakai | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2027 | General |
Manzoor Ahmed Kakar | Balochistan Awami Party | Balochistan | March 2027 | General |
Mohammad Abdul Qadir | Independent | Balochistan | March 2027 | General |
Mohsin Aziz | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2027 | General |
Muhammad Qasim | Balochistan National Party (M) | Balochistan | March 2027 | General |
Naseema Ehsan | Independent | Balochistan | March 2027 | Women |
Nisar Khuhro | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2027 | General |
Palwasha Khan | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2027 | Women |
Sadia Abbasi | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March 2027 | Women |
Saeed Ahmed Hashmi | Balochistan Awami Party | Balochistan | March 2027 | Technocrats |
Saifullah Abro | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Sindh | March 2027 | Technocrats |
Saifullah Niazi | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Punjab | March 2027 | General |
Sajid Mir | Pakistan Muslim League (N) | Punjab | March 2027 | General |
Saleem Mandviwalla | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2027 | General |
Samina Mumtaz Zehri | Balochistan Awami Party | Balochistan | March 2027 | Women |
Sania Nishtar | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2027 | Women |
Shahadat Awan | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2027 | General |
Sherry Rehman | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2027 | General |
Shibli Faraz | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2027 | General |
Syed Ali Zafar | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Punjab | March 2027 | Technocrats/Ulema |
Syed Yousaf Raza Gillani | Pakistan Peoples Party | Federal Area | March 2027 | General |
Taj Haider | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2027 | General |
Zarqa Taimur | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Punjab | March 2027 | Women |
Zeeshan Khanzada | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2027 | General |
Name | Party | Constituency | Term Expired | Seat Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
Abida Muhammad Azeem | Independent | Balochistan | March 2024 | Women |
Ahmed Khan Andarh Khilji | Independent | Balochistan | March 2024 | General |
Anwar Lal Dean | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2024 | Minorities |
Asad Junejo | Independent | Federal Area | March 2024 | General |
Asif Kirmani | Independent | Punjab | March 2024 | General |
Azam Khan Swati | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2024 | General |
Bahramand Tangi | Pakistan Peoples Party | KPK | March 2024 | General |
Dilawar Khan | Independent | KPK | March 2024 | Technocrats/Ulema |
Faisal Javed Khan | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2024 | General |
Farogh Naseem | Mutahidda Qaumi Movement | Sindh | March 2024 | General |
Fida Mohammad | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2024 | General |
Hafiz Abdul Kareem | Independent | Punjab | March 2024 | Technocrats/Ulema |
Hilal-ur-Rehman | Independent | FATA | March 2024 | General |
Hidayat Ullah | Independent | FATA | March 2024 | General |
Imamuddin Shouqeen | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2024 | General |
Ishaq Dar | Independent | Punjab | March 2024 | Technocrats |
Kamran Michael | Independent | Punjab | March 2024 | Minorities |
Khalida Sikandar Mandhro | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2024 | Technocrats |
Khuda Babar | Independent | Balochistan | March 2024 | General |
Krishna Kohli | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2024 | Women |
Maula Bakhsh Chandio | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2024 | General |
Meher Taj Roghani | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | KPK | March 2024 | Women |
Mirza Muhammad Afridi | Independent | FATA | March 2024 | General |
Molvi Faiz Muhammad | Jamiatul-Ulema-e-Islam (F) | Balochistan | March 2024 | General |
Mushahid Hussain Syed | Independent | Federal Area | March 2024 | Technocrats/Ulema |
Musadik Malik | Independent | Punjab | March 2024 | General |
Mushtaq Ahmad Khan | Jamaat-e-Islami | KPK | March 2024 | General |
Muhammad Akram | National Party | Balochistan | March 2024 | General |
Muhammad Talha Mahmood | Jamiatul-Ulema-e-Islam (F) | KPK | March 2024 | General |
Muzaffar Hussain Shah | Pakistan Muslim League (F) | Sindh | March 2024 | General |
Naseebullah Bazai | Independent | Balochistan | March 2024 | Technocrats |
Nuzhat Sadiq | Independent | Punjab | March 2024 | Women |
Pir Sabir Shah | Independent | KPK | March 2024 | General |
Prince Ahmed Umer Ahmedzai | Balochistan Awami Party | Balochistan | February 2024 | General |
Quratulain Marri | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2024 | Women |
Rana Mahmood-ul-Hassan | Independent | Punjab | March 2024 | General |
Raza Rabbani | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2024 | General |
Rubina Khalid | Pakistan Peoples Party | KPK | March 2024 | Women |
Rukhsana Zuberi | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2024 | Technocrats |
Sadiq Sanjrani | Independent | Balochistan | March 2024 | General |
Sana Jamali | Independent | Balochistan | March 2024 | Women |
Sardar Muhammad Shafiq Tareen | Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami Party | Balochistan | March 2024 | General |
Sarfaraz Bugti | Balochistan Awami Party | Balochistan | February 2024 | General |
Seemi Aizdi | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Punjab | March 2024 | Women |
Shahzad Waseem | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Punjab | March 2024 | General |
Shammim Afridi | Independent | FATA | March 2024 | General |
Shaheen Khalid Butt | Independent | Punjab | March 2024 | General |
Syed Muhammad Ali Shah Jamot | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2024 | General |
Tahir Bizenjo | National Party | Balochistan | March 2024 | General |
Walid Iqbal | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf | Punjab | March 2024 | General |
Waqar Mehdi | Pakistan Peoples Party | Sindh | March 2024 | General |
The Constitution of Pakistan, also known as the 1973 Constitution, is the supreme law of Pakistan. The document guides Pakistan's law, political culture, and system. It sets out the state's outline, the fundamental rights of the population, the state's law and orders, and also the structure and establishment of the institutions and the armed forces. Drafted by the government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, with additional assistance from the country's opposition parties, it was unanimously approved by the 5th Parliament on 10 April and ratified on 14 August 1973. The first three chapters establish the rules, mandate, and separate powers of the three branches of the government: a bicameral legislature; an executive branch governed by the Prime Minister as chief executive; and an apex federal judiciary headed by Supreme Court. The Constitution designates the President of Pakistan as a ceremonial Head of State who is to represent the unity of the state. The first six articles of the constitution outline the political system as federal parliamentary republic system; as well as Islam as its state religion. The Constitution also encapsulates provisions stipulating the legal system's compliance with Islamic injunctions contained in the Quran and Sunnah.
The President of Pakistan is the head of state of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The president is the nominal head of the executive and the supreme commander of the Pakistan Armed Forces. The Presidency is a ceremonial position in Pakistan. The President is bound to act on advice of Prime Minister and cabinet. Asif Ali Zardari is the current President since 10 March 2024.
The prime minister of Pakistan is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and his chosen cabinet, despite the president of Pakistan serving as the nominal head of executive. The prime minister is often the leader of the party or the coalition with a majority in the lower house of the Parliament of Pakistan, the National Assembly where he serves as Leader of the House. Prime minister holds office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the National Assembly. The prime minister is designated as the "chief executive of the Islamic Republic".
The Senate of Pakistan or Aiwān-e-Bālā Pākistān, constitutionally the House of the Federation, is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan. As of 2023, It has a maximum membership of 96, of which 92 are elected by the provincial legislatures using single transferable vote. Four represent the Federal Capital. Members sit for terms lasting six years, with half of the house up for election every three years. Unlike the National Assembly, the Senate is a continuing chamber and hence not subject to dissolution.
The National Assembly of Pakistan is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan, with the upper house being the Senate. As of 2023, the National Assembly has a maximum membership of 336, of which 266 are directly elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective constituencies, while 70 are elected on reserved seats for women and religious minorities from all over the country. Members hold their seats for five years or until the house is dissolved by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. The house convenes at the Parliament House, Red Zone, Islamabad.
The Parliament of Pakistan is the supreme legislative body of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. It is a bicameral federal legislature, composed of the President of Pakistan and two houses: the Senate and the National Assembly. The president, as head of the legislature, has the power to summon or prorogue either house of the Parliament. The president can dissolve the National Assembly, only on the Prime Minister's advice.
The line of succession to the Presidency of Pakistan is the order in which persons may become or act as the President of Pakistan upon the incapacity, resignation or death of an incumbent President. Pakistan, by law, has a parliamentary democratic system of government that has been modified several times since its inception. The prime minister of Pakistan is the head of the government, while the president of Pakistan, by law and by statute, is a constitutional figurehead.
Since its establishment in 1947, Pakistan has had a non-symmetric federal government and is a federal parliamentary democratic republic. At the national level, the people of Pakistan elect a bicameral legislature, the Parliament of Pakistan. The parliament consists of a lower house called the National Assembly, which is elected directly via first-past-the-post voting, and an upper house called the Senate, whose members are chosen by elected provincial legislators. The head of government, the Prime Minister, is elected by the majority members of the National Assembly and the head of state, the President, is elected by the Electoral College, which consists of both houses of Parliament together with the four provincial assemblies. In addition to the national parliament and the provincial assemblies, Pakistan also has more than five thousand elected local governments.
The chairman of the Senate of Pakistan is the president-chair of the Senate of Pakistan. According to the Constitution of Pakistan, the chairman is a presiding official and the Senate must choose a chairman and deputy chairman for a time interval of three years.
The Frontier Crimes Regulations (FCR) were a special set of laws of British India, and which were applicable to the Tribal Areas. They were enacted by the British Empire in the nineteenth century and remained in effect in Pakistan until 2018. They were extended to the Gilgit Agency in Jammu and Kashmir in 1901 and to Baltistan in 1947, remaining in effect till the 1970s.
The Provincial Assembly ofKhyber Pakhtunkhwa is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives of the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which is located in Peshawar, the provincial capital. It was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan, having a total of 145 seats, with 115 general seats, 26 seats reserved for women and 4 reserved for non-Muslims.
A Member of the Provincial Assembly, or MPA is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to the legislature or legislative assembly of a subnational jurisdiction. In Pakistan, the members are elected by the voters in provinces for a term of five years.
The Federally Administered Tribal Areas, commonly known as FATA, was a semi-autonomous tribal region in north-western Pakistan that existed from 1947 until being merged with the neighbouring province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in 2018 through the Twenty-fifth amendment to the constitution of Pakistan. It consisted of seven tribal agencies (districts) and six frontier regions, and were directly governed by the federal government through a special set of laws called the Frontier Crimes Regulations.
The Chief Election Commissioner is the authority and the appointed chair of the Election Commission of Pakistan— an institution constitutionally empowered to conduct free and fair elections to the national and provincial legislatures.
The Council of Common Interests (CCI) is a constitutional body in the Government of Pakistan. It is appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. The CCI resolves the disputes of power sharing between the federation and its provinces. The Council works under Ministry of Inter Provincial Coordination and is responsible to both houses of Parliament, the Senate of Pakistan and the National Assembly of Pakistan.
The triennial Senate Electionsof Pakistan were held on 3 March 2018 to replace 52 retiring senators - half of the Senate's strength - with the winning candidates serving six-year terms. Overall, Pakistan Muslim League (N) came out as the largest party, followed by the Pakistan Peoples Party and the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf. The results of these elections were steeped in controversy due to rampant allegations of horse trading and vote-buying, which lead to the Prime Minister and opposition leader Imran Khan calling for reforms. Prior to this election, PML (N) candidates were declared as independents by the Election Commission of Pakistan owing to a Supreme Court judgment.
Administrative System of FATA was the system by which semi-autonomous tribal region of Federally Administered Tribal Areas was governed.
The Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan was passed by the Parliament of Pakistan and the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly in May 2018. Under the amendment, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA) are to be merged with the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP).
Provincial elections were held in the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's constituencies belonging to areas previously known as the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) on 20 July 2019. After the election, the new members joined the already elected members from the rest of the province to complete the formation of 11th Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Since Pakistan's independence on 14 August 1947, women have been active participants in parliamentary politics. Their representation remained low in the first and second Constituent Assemblies, however the amendments to the Constitution of Pakistan paved way for their increased participation in the parliament. Besides, the progressive laws helped improve their participation in legislative and executive positions over the years. Since 2002, women politicians have notable representation in the federal as well as provincial assemblies.