List of software by Apple Inc.

This article is about a list of software written by Apple. For a list of software available for devices made by Apple, see Lists of Apple software.

This list of software by Apple covers software written by Apple Inc., organised by category.

Archiving, backup, restore, and recovery

Current

• Archive Utility – built-in archive file handler ^{[1] [2]}
• Time Machine – built-in backup software ^{[3] [4]}

Discontinued

• Backup – built-in backup software, ^{[5] [6]} discontinued in 2012 with MobileMe ^[7]

CD and DVD authoring

Discontinued

• DVD Studio Pro – DVD authoring application, ^[8] the final update was in 2009^{[ citation needed ]} and was removed from Final Cut Studio in 2011 ^[9]
• iDVD – a basic DVD-authoring application, ^[10] last updated in 2010 ^[11] and incompatible since macOS Catalina dropped 32-bit support in 2019 ^[12] (previously part of the iLife suite) ^[13]

Audio-specific software

Current

• GarageBand – an amateur-oriented digital audio workstation ^{[14] [15]} (previously part of the iLife suite) ^[13]
• Logic Pro – a digital audio workstation ^[16] (previously part of Logic Studio) ^[17]
• MainStage – music software for use in live performances ^[18]

Discontinued

• Logic Express – a prosumer music production, ^{[19] [20]} discontinued in 2011 ^[17]
• Logic Studio – a music-writing studio package, ^[21] discontinued in 2011 in favour of Logic Pro X ^[22]
  • Apple Loops Utility – production and organisation of Apple Loops, ^[23] last updated in 2009 and has been discontinued,^{[ citation needed ]} with its features integrated into Logic Pro ^[24]
  • Apple Qmaster – app for automated work distribution for audio-visual rendering ^[25] and part of both Final Cut Studio ^[26] and Logic Studio, ^[27] discontinued as a standalone app and integrated into Compressor. ^[28] Incompatible since MacOS Catalina dropped 32-bit support in 2019 ^[12]
  • Qadministrator – software to create and manage Qmaster clusters, ^[29] incompatible since MacOS Catalina dropped 32-bit support in 2019 ^[12]
  • Soundtrack Pro – a musical composition and editing app and part of both Final Cut Studio ^[26] and Logic Studio, ^[30] discontinued with the release of Logic Pro 9 and Final Cut Pro X ^[17]

Chat (text, voice, image, and video)

Current

• FaceTime – a videoconferencing between Mac, iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch ^{[31] [32]}
• iMessage – an instant messaging service between Mac, and other apple devices ^{[33] [34] [35]}
• Messages - an instant messaging software application for apple devices utilising SMS, MMS, iMessage and RCS ^{[36] [37]}

Discontinued

• iChat – an instant messaging and videoconferencing application for Macs, ^[38] discontinued since OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion in favour of FaceTime and iMessage ^[39]

Developer tools, frameworks, and IDEs

Current

• Xcode – IDE made by Apple, ^{[40] [41]} available for macOS ^[42]
• Swift Playgrounds – an educational tool and development environment for the Swift programming language ^{[43] [44]}

Discontinued

• Apple Media Tool – a multimedia authoring tool and programming environment for the Eiffel-based Apple Media Language (AML) object-oriented programming language ^{[45] [46]}
• MacApp – an object oriented application framework for the classic Mac OS
• Macintosh Programmer's Workshop – a software development environment for the Classic Mac OS operating system, ^{[47] [48]} discontinued in favour of Project Builder
• Project Builder (PBX) – an IDE for software development, ^[49] rebranded for OS X Panther in 2003 and became Xcode ^{[50] [51]}

Email clients

Current

• Apple Mail – the bundled email client ^{[52] [53]}

Discontinued

• Claris Emailer – classic Mac OS only, ^{[54] [55]} no longer supported ^{[56] [57]}

Layout and desktop publishing

Current

• Preview (macOS) – basic image and PDF viewer and editor

Discontinued

• iBooks Author – an interactive book creating software for Apple Books, discontinued in 2020 and integrated its features into Pages ^[58]

Graphic and photo editors

Current

• Photos – a bundled image editing and management application ^[59]
• Photo Booth – an application for taking and editing photos and videos ^{[60] [61]}

Discontinued

• Aperture – an image editing and organising application, ^[62] discontinued in 2015. ^[63]
• iPhoto – a photo editor application, ^[64] discontinued in 2015. ^[63] (previously part of the iLife suite) ^[13]
• MacDraw – a vector graphic drawing application
• MacPaint – a raster graphics editor

Integrated software technologies

Main article: List of macOS components

Current

• AVFoundation – a multimedia framework ^[65]
• Finder – the native file manager for macOS ^{[66] [67]}
• Terminal – a command line interface for Macs ^{[68] [69]}
• XQuartz – a Mac port of the X11 windowing system (formerly known as X11.app)

Former

• HyperCard – a software application and development kit for Apple Macintosh and Apple IIGS computers, ^[70] the last update was in 1998 but was officially discontinued in 2004 ^[71]
• MacTerminal – Telecommunications and terminal emulation application software program. ^[72] Ceased development following the 1987 spin-off of Apple's software division into Claris.^{[ citation needed ]}
• MacX – A display server implementation of the X11 windowing system for Macs ^[73] using the A/UX, ^[74] System 7, and Mac OS 8 and 9 operating systems. ^[73] Discontinued in 1998 following the transition to Mac OS X which had native support for X11.^{[ citation needed ]}
• QuickTime – A multimedia architecture for streaming, encoding and transcoding media. ^{[75] [76]} It was deprecated in favour of AVFoundation with OS X Lion. ^[77]

Media

Current

• iTunes – a media library and player ^{[78] [79] [80]}
• Music – a media player application ^{[81] [82]}
• Apple Podcasts – a podcast streaming application ^[83]
• Apple Books – an e-book reading and store application ^[84] (previously known as iBooks until iOS 12 and macOS Mojave) ^[85]

Former

• Front Row (software) - a media center application for navigating and viewing video, photos, podcasts and music from a computer, optical disc or the Internet

Networking and telecommunications

• Apple Remote Desktop – a remote desktop program ^[86]

News aggregators

• Apple News – a news aggregator application ^{[87] [88]}

Office and productivity

Current

• FileMaker – a relational database management system ^[89]
• Calendar – a bundled calendar app ^[90] (known as iCal until 2012) ^[91]
• Calculator – a basic calculator application ^[92]
• Contacts – a computerized address book ^[93] (known as Address Book prior to Mac OS X Mountain Lion) ^[94]
• Grapher – a graphing calculator application ^[95] bundled with macOS since Mac OS X Tiger ^[96]
• iWork – suite: ^[97]
  • Pages – word processor application ^[97]
  • Numbers – spreadsheet application ^[97]
  • Keynote – presentation application ^[97]
• Notes – a note-taking app ^{[98] [99]}
• Reminders – a task management program ^{[100] [101]}

Discontinued

• AppleWorks – An office suite containing word processor, spreadsheet, and presentation applications. ^[102] Discontinued in 2007 and replaced by iWork. ^[103]
• Claris Resolve - a spreadsheet computer program, ^[104] discontinued in 1994 with support ending in 1995 ^{[105] [106]}
• MacProject- a project management and scheduling business application, ^{[107] [108]} later sold to Claris and officially discontinued in 1998 ^[109]
• MacWrite - word processor application, ^[110] later sold to Claris and officially discontinued in 1998 ^[109]

Operating systems

Main articles: List of Apple operating systems and Macintosh operating systems

Current

• Darwin – the BSD-licensed and XNU-based core of macOS ^[111]
• iOS – operating System for iPhones ^{[112] [113]} (known as iPhoneOS until version 4 in 2010) ^[113]
• iPadOS – operating System for iPads ^{[114] [115]} (called iOS until version 13.1 in 2019) ^[115]
• macOS – A Darwin-based Operating system for Macintosh computers. ^{[111] [116] [117]} Originally named "Mac OS X" until 2012 ^[118] and then "OS X" until 2016. ^[119]
• tvOS – operating System for Apple TV ^{[120] [121]} (called Apple TV Software until version 9 in 2015) ^[122]
• visionOS – operating System for Apple Vision Pro ^[123]
• WatchOS – operating System for Apple Watch ^[124]
• XNU – a kernel based on Mach that is used as the core of apple operating systems ^{[125] [126] [127]}

Discontinued

• A/UX – a Unix-based operating system for Macintosh computers, ^{[128] [129]} discontinued in 1995 ^[130]
• Apple DOS – a disk operating system (DOS) for Apple II, ^{[131] [132]} discontinued in 1983 and succeeded by ProDOS ^[133]
• Apple GS/OS – an operating system for Apple IIGS, ^[134] it was a core component of System Software (now Classic MacOS) from System 4.0 through System 6.0.1 ^{[135] [136] [137]}
• Apple Pascal – An operating system based on UCSD Pascal created for Apple's implementation of the Pascal programming language. ^[138] The final update for it was in 1983 with version 1.1. ^[139]
• Apple ProDOS – A disk operating system for Apple IIs, ^[140] with 8-bit and 16-bit versions. ^[141] Discontinued in 1993, with the 16-bit version succeeded by GS/OS.
• Apple SOS – a disk operating system for Apple III ^{[141] [142]} (discontinued after version 1.3 in 1982) ^[143]
• Classic Mac OS – a series of operating systems developed for Macintosh computers, discontinued in 2001 and replaced with OS X
  • System 1 (discontinued in 1984) ^[144]
  • System 2, 3 & 4 (discontinued in 1985, 1988, and 1987 respectively)
  • System 5 (final release in 1987, succeeded by System 6 in 1988) ^[145]
  • System 6 (succeeded by System 7 in 1991, ^[146] and discontinued in 1992) ^[147]
  • System 7 (became Mac OS after version 7.6, discontinued in 1997) ^[148]
  • Mac OS 8 (discontinued in 1999) ^[10]
  • Mac OS 9 (discontinued in 2001) ^{[149] [150]}
• Lisa OS – An operating system based on Apple SOS developed 3 years prior. ^[151] It was discontinued in 1986 alongside the Lisa line of computers, ^[152] with System Software being partially based on it. ^[153]
• macOS Server – the server computing variant of macOS
• MkLinux – an open-source Linux-based software computer operating system, ^{[154] [155]} support dropped by Apple in 2002 ^{[156] [157]}
• Newton OS – a mobile operating system for the Apple Newton, discontinued in 1997 ^[158]

Text editors

• TextEdit – text editor and word processor ^{[159] [160]}

Utilities

Current

• Activity Monitor – native system monitor for hardware and software with task manager functionality ^[161]
• Automator – built-in, utility to automate repetitive tasks ^{[162] [163]}
• Stickies – put Post-It Note-like notes on the desktop ^[164]

Discontinued

• Dashboard – Built-in macOS widgets, ^[165] removed in macOS Catalina. ^[166] With macOS Sonoma in 2023, widgets were reintroduced through the Notification Center. ^[167]
• Grab – built-in macOS screenshot utility, replaced with another tool^{[ specify ]} in macOS Mojave ^[168]
• iSync – syncing software, bundled with Mac OS X up to version 10.6
• Sherlock – File searching (version 2), ^{[169] [170]} web services (version 3). ^[171] Discontinued with the introduction of Mac OS X Leopard. ^[172]

Support for non-Macintosh software

• Boot Camp – A multi-boot utility built into macOS from 10.5 ^[173] Support dropped in transition from intel macs to Apple silicon. ^{[174] [175]}

Video

Current

• Apple TV app – a media player software program ^{[176] [177]}
• DVD Player – DVD player software built into macOS ^[178]
• Final Cut Pro – video-editing software ^{[179] [180]} (formerly part of Final Cut Studio) ^[22]
• Final Cut Camera - pro video recording app ^[181]
• iMovie – basic video editing application ^[10] (previously part of iLife suite) ^[13]
• QuickTime Player
• Clips

Discontinued

• Final Cut Express – A video editing suite, ^[182] a prosumer version of Final Cut Pro. ^[183] Discontinued in 2011 in favour of Final Cut Pro X. ^[183]
• Final Cut Studio – audio-video editing suite:
  • Cinema Tools
  • Compressor
  • LiveType
  • Motion 2
• QuickTime Pro – Video editor and encoder. ^[184] Support was dropped in 2018 when 32-bit support was dropped. ^{[185] [186]}

Stores

• App Store – an app marketplace for iOS and iPadOS apps ^{[187] [188]}
• Mac App Store – an app marketplace for macOS apps ^[189]

Others

• Apple Intelligence – an artificial intelligence suite integrated into Siri in iOS 18 ^{[190] [191]} and macOS 15 Sequoia (Apple Silicon Macs only) ^[192]
• Safari – a graphical web browser ^{[193] [194]} based on WebKit ^[195]
• Find My – an asset tracking app and service utilising Bluetooth and UWB ^{[196] [197] [198]}
• Font Book – a font manager ^{[199] [200]}
• Launchpad – an application launcher ^{[201] [202]}
• Apple Maps – a web mapping app and service ^{[203] [204]}
• Siri – a virtual assistant ^{[205] [206]}

Discontinued

• AppleLink/eWorld – Client software to access Apple's online service for its dealers, third-party developers, and users. The service was discontinued in 1997. ^{[207] [208]}
• iWeb – a HTML editor for creating websites and blogs, ^[209] discontinued in 2012 alongside MobileMe ^[210] (previously part of the iLife suite) ^[13]

Software for non-Apple operating systems

Current

• Apple Music (Windows)
• Apple Maps (Web)
• iTunes (Windows)
• Apple Devices – a Microsoft Windows app for managing Apple devices ^[211]
• Apple TV (Windows)
• iCloud (Windows, Online)
• Photos (Windows, Online)
• Find My (Online)

Discontinued

• Safari (Windows)

References

1. Nelson, Tom (2 December 2020). "Using the Mac's Hidden Archive Utility to Control Compression". Lifewire. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
2. Orr, Andrew (6 October 2022). "Flaw in macOS Archive Utility let attackers bypass Gatekeeper". Apple Insider. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
3. Whitney, Lance (27 March 2023). "Keep Your Files: How to Back Up Your Mac With Time Machine". PC Mag. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
4. Leventhal, Adam H. (27 June 2016). "ZFS: The other new Apple file system that almost was—until it wasn't". Ars Technica. Retrieved 24 October 2024. At that same WWDC, Apple announced Time Machine, a product that would record file system versions through time for backup and recovery.
5. Story, Derrick (23 September 2005). "How to Set Up Backup 3 and Save Your Data". O'Reilly macdevcenter. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
6. Loyola, Roman (18 February 2011). "How to back up using MobileMe's Backup utility". Macworld. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
7. Bonnington, Christina (2 July 2012). "Apple Finally Shutters Long-Suffering MobileMe — It's All iCloud Now". Wired. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
8. Caolo, Dave (2 February 2006). "DVD Studio Pro 4 updated". Engadget. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
9. Pogue, David (22 June 2011). "Apple's Final Cut Is Dead. Long Live Final Cut". New York Times. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
10. "Continued Development of the Classic Mac OS". oreilly.com. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
11. Caldwell, Serenity (20 October 2010). "Apple releases iLife '11". Macworld. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
12. Cunningham, Andrew (7 October 2019). "macOS 10.15 Catalina: The Ars Technica review". Ars Technica. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
13. "Apple Completes iLife for iOS With Introduction of iPhoto & Major Updates to iMovie & GarageBand". Apple.com. 7 March 2012. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
14. Davitt, John (9 March 2004). "Software that credits learning". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
15. "IPod Mini Shrinks, Goes Pink". Wired . 17 February 2004. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
16. Marino, Andrew (23 May 2023). "Logic Pro for the iPad is very fun with very few compromises". The Verge. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
17. Foresman, Chris (9 December 2011). "Logic Pro comes to Mac App Store, Logic Express dropped in the shuffle". Ars Technica. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
18. "MainStage User Guide". Apple Support. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
19. "Apple Logic Express 9 - Features". Apple.com. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
20. Logic Express 9 User Manual (PDF). Apple. 2009.
21. "Apple - Logic Studio - What Is". Apple.com. Archived from the original on 7 December 2011. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
22. Haslam, Karen (11 June 2018). "Which apps don't work in MacOS High Sierra?". Macworld. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
23. "Apple - Logic Studio - Production Utilities". Apple.com. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
24. "Apple Loops in Logic Pro for Mac". Apple Support. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
25. "Apple Qmaster 3 User Manual" (PDF). Apple Support. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2007. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
26. "Final Cut Studio 2 - Technical Specifications". Apple Support. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
27. Berka, Justin (19 September 2008). "Update package released for Compressor, Apple Qmaster". Ars Technica. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
28. "Qmaster". U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs. 14 June 2019. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
29. "Apple Qadministrator 4 User Manual" (PDF). Apple Help. 2012. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
30. "Apple - Logic Studio - Soundtrack Pro 3". Apple.com. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
31. Frommer, Dan (8 June 2010). "Why iPhone's video calling will succeed". NBC News. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
32. "Make and receive phone calls on Mac or iPad". Apple Support. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
33. Usigan, Ysolt (11 October 2011). "Apple to launch iMessage on Wednesday, forget texting". CBS News. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
34. "Messages Support". Apple Support. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
35. "Use iMessage apps on your iPhone and iPad". Apple Support. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
36. "Set up Messages on iPhone". Apple Support. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
37. Johnson, Allison (10 June 2024). "Apple is bringing RCS to the iPhone in iOS 18". The Verge. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
38. Manjoo, Farhad (14 May 2002). "Apple 'Bundle' Creates a Rumble". Wired. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
39. Patel, Nilay (16 February 2012). "Apple OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion preview: Notification Center, iMessage, AirPlay and more". The Verge. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
40. "Xcode". Apple Developer. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
41. Axon, Samuel (25 July 2023). "How developers will test their apps before Vision Pro launches". Ars Technica. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
42. "Xcode on the Mac App Store". Mac App Store. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
43. "Swift Playgrounds". Apple. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
44. McAleer, Ryan (17 October 2024). "Video: First look inside Apple's new Belfast store, its first on the island of Ireland since 2008". Irish News. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
45. "Archived - Apple Media Tool 2.0: Description". Apple Support. 19 February 2012. Archived from the original on 29 April 2014. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
46. "On Apple Multimedia – An Interview with Dan Crow (part one)". storiesofapple.net. 5 July 2010. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
47. Poole, Lon (April 1989). "Developer Developments". MacWorld. p. 93. ISSN   0741-8647 . Retrieved 25 October 2024– via Internet Archive.
48. Meym, Richard J.; PaIrish, Jeff W. (May 1988). "The Macintosh Programmer's Workshop" (PDF). IEEE Software. Vol. 5, no. 3. IEEE. pp. 59–66. doi:10.1109/52.2025 . Retrieved 25 October 2024.
49. Siracusa, John (24 May 2000). "Mac OS X DP4". Ars Technica. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
50. "OS X's ten most innovative features". Macworld. 13 September 2010. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
51. Dippery, Michael (2 June 2015). Professional Swift. John Wiley & Sons. p. 36. ISBN   9781119016779.
52. Pot, Justin (7 May 2022). "Apple Mail Now Blocks Email Tracking. Here's What It Means for You". Wired. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
53. Statt, Nick (22 April 2020). "Apple's default Mail app for the iPhone has a severe security flaw, researchers claim". The Verge. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
54. Engst, Adam (31 July 1995). "Claris Emailer Ships". TidBITS. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
55. Linzmayer, Owen W. (January 1996). "Mail smarter: Claris Emailer". Home Office Computing. 14 (1). Boulder: 32. ISSN   0899-7373.
56. "Claris Emailer". mac.org. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
57. "Claris Emailer: Really dead this time?". CNET. 2 September 2009. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
58. Cohen, Michael E. (11 June 2020). "Apple to End Support for iBooks Author". TidBITS. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
59. Etherington, Darrell (8 April 2015). "Photos For OS X Review". TechCrunch. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
60. "Photo Booth User Guide". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
61. Friedman, Lex (19 December 2011). "Photo Booth power user features". Macworld. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
62. Girard, Dave (18 May 2010). "Aperture 3: The Ars Review". Ars Technica. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
63. Carlson, Jeff (17 July 2015). "Apple dumps iPhoto and Aperture, but you don't have to". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
64. Joseph, Cliff (1 December 2014). "iPhoto versus Photoshop Elements 13 comparison". Macworld. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
65. "AV Foundation". Apple Developer. Archived from the original on 16 October 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
66. Alsop II, Stewart, ed. (18 January 1988). "Apple's Finder: Maturity in UI" (PDF). P.C. Letter. Vol. 4, no. 2. PCW Communications. pp. 4–5. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
67. "11 major new Snow Leopard features". Mac World. 26 August 2009. Archived from the original on 29 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
68. "Apple - OS X Mountain Lion - See everything OS X can do". Apple.com. Archived from the original on 10 May 2013. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
69. "What is Terminal on Mac?". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
70. Kahney, Leander (14 August 2002). "HyperCard Forgotten, but Not Gone". Wired. Archived from the original on 6 February 2010. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
71. Gonzalez-Fernandez, Pedro (29 July 2021). "All Hyped Up for HyperCard: Further Adventures with an Apple Legacy Format". Library of Congress Blogs. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
72. PATHWORKS™ for Macintosh®: MacTerminal® User's Guide. Apple Computer. 1990.
73. "Glossary". MacX User's Guide (PDF). Apple Computer. 1995. pp. 114–117, 128.
74. "X Window System for A/UX" (PDF). typewritten.org. Apple Computer. 1990. Retrieved 25 October 2024.
75. Ferncase, Richard K. (2003). "QuickTime: An Introduction". QuickTime for Filmmakers. Taylor & Francis. pp. 1–2. doi:10.4324/9780080497938. ISBN   978-0-240-80496-5.
76. Monroe, Tim (9 July 2004). QuickTime Toolkit Volume One: Basic Movie Playback and Media Types. Morgan Kaufmann. pp. xv. ISBN   978-0-08-054017-7.
77. "Technical Note TN2300: Transitioning QTKit Code to AV Foundation". Apple Developer. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
78. "iTunes". Apple.com. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
79. Cheng, Jacqui (23 November 2012). "iTunes through the ages". Ars Technica. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
80. McElhearn, Kirk (8 January 2016). "iTunes: A look at Apple's media app and its influence on an industry". Mac World. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
81. "Apple Music". Apple.com. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
82. Chen, Brian X.; Nicas, Jack (3 June 2019). "Apple's WWDC Highlights: the Death of iTunes and $6,000 Macs". New York Times. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
83. Ingraham, Nathan (26 June 2012). "Apple releases dedicated Podcasts app for iPhone and iPad". The Verge. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
84. "Read and organise your books in the Apple Books app". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
85. Gartenberg, Chaim (4 June 2018). "iBooks gets a redesign and new Apple Books branding in iOS 12". The Verge. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
86. "Apple Remote Desktop". Mac App Store. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
87. "Apple News". Apple.com. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
88. Goode, Lauren (25 March 2019). "Apple Launches Apple News+ Paid Subscription Service". Wired. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
89. Heller, Martin (21 August 2017). "FileMaker Pro: Simple app dev, easy cloud deployment". InfoWorld. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
90. "Calendar". Apple App Store. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
91. Arthur, Charles (10 July 2012). "Apple's OS X 'Mountain Lion' goes GM, merging desktop and mobile more closely". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
92. "Use the basic calculator on iPhone". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
93. "Contacts User Guide". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
94. Siracusa, John (25 July 2012). "OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion: the Ars Technica review". Ars Technica. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
95. "Grapher User Guide". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
96. Siracusa, John (28 Apr 2005). "Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger". Ars Technica. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
97. "iWork". Apple.com. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
98. "Use Notes on your iPhone, iPad and iPod touch". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
99. Nield, David (4 May 2024). "How to make the most of Apple Notes". The Verge. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
100. "Use Reminders on your iPhone, iPad or iPod touch". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
101. Smith, Dave (17 July 2019). "How to get the most out of Reminders, Apple's best application that can make your life so much easier". Business Insider. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
102. Keizer, Gregg (15 August 2007). "Apple lays AppleWorks to rest". Computerworld. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
103. Jade, Charles (15 August 2007). "RIP AppleWorks". Ars Technica. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
104. Coale, Kristi (20 May 1991). "Claris unveils Its First Spreadsheet". InfoWorld. Vol. 13, no. 21. InfoWorld Media Group. p. 44. ISSN   0199-6649 . Retrieved 24 October 2024.
105. "APPLE KILL CLARIS RESOLVE FOR THE MAC". Tech Monitor. 3 March 1994. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
106. Engst, Adam (7 March 1994). "Claris Resolve". TidBITS. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
107. "MacProject". Macintosh Repository. 24 December 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
108. "Computers, March 1984". Magill.ie. 29 February 1984. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
109. Walsh, Jeff (24 November 1997). "Claris puts old Mac applications out to pasture". InfoWorld. Vol. 19, no. 47. InfoWorld Media Group. p. 35 – via Internet Archive.
110. Cartwright, Dave (14 March 2016). "Computer says: Stop using MacWrite II, human!". The Register. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
111. Finley, Klint (8 August 2013). "Apple's Operating System Guru Goes Back to His Roots". Wired. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
112. "iOS: A visual history". The Verge. 16 September 2013. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
113. Patel, Nilay (7 June 2010). "iPhone OS 4 renamed iOS 4, launching June 21 with 1500 new features". Engadget. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
114. "iPadOS 18". Apple.com. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
115. Gibbs, Samuel (3 June 2019). "WWDC 2019: Apple unveils new iOS, iPad OS, macOS and Mac Pro". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
116. "macOS Sequoia". Apple.com. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
117. Siracusa, John (15 October 2001). "Mac OS X 10.1". Ars Technica. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
118. Leswing, Kif (13 June 2016). "Apple just renamed one of its oldest and most important products". Business Insider. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
119. Glaser, April (13 June 2016). "Apple's Mac OS X Is Dead. Long Live MacOS". Wired. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
120. Dormehl, Luke (3 September 2015). "From hobby to hero: The history of Apple TV". Cult of Mac. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
121. Holt, Kris (11 December 2024). "Apple tvOS 17.2 has a redesigned TV experience and no iTunes Movies or TV Shows apps". Engadget. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
122. "tvOS 9". OSDeviceSupport.com. Retrieved 24 October 2024. Originally the operating system for Apple TVs was named Apple TV Software. Apple rebranded it to tvOS starting with tvOS 9.
123. Wiggers, Kyle (5 June 2023). "What makes the Apple Vision Pro's visionOS such an ambitious leap". TechCrunch. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
124. "Apple Watch OS 1.0.1". Apple Support. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
125. "Porting UNIX/Linux Applications to OS X". Apple Developer. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
126. "Pundit's Lamentations on Closing OS X Kernel Misguided". Wired. 17 May 2006. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
127. Singh, Amit (June 2006). "The xnu Kernel". Mac OS X Internals: A Systems Approach. Addison-Wesley Professional. ISBN   9780132702263.
128. Flynn, Lourie (7 March 1988). "Universities High on A/UX But Want More". InfoWorld. Vol. 10, no. 10. InfoWorld Media Group. p. 31. ISSN   0199-6649 . Retrieved 24 October 2024.
129. Ryan, Alan J. (15 August 1988). "Apple keen on Unix future". Computerworld. Vol. 22, no. 33. IDG Enterprise. p. 6. ISSN   0010-4841 . Retrieved 24 October 2024.
130. Larson, Tim. "A/UX FAQs, updated for 21st century". christtrekker.users.sourceforge.net. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
131. Gallagher, Sean (15 July 2015). "I pulled an Apple II Plus out of my parents' attic. Now what?". Ars Technica. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
132. "Apple II DOS 3.3 BASICS". Centre for Computing History. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
133. "Apple II DOS 3.3". Centre for Computing History. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
134. Little, Gary B. (1988). Exploring Apple GS/OS and ProDOS 8. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. pp. vii, 1, 10. ISBN   978-0201150087.
135. ll GS/OS 6.0.1: How It Differs from 6.0 (6/93) (PDF) (CD). Tech Info Library. Apple Computer. 28 June 1993. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
136. Apple IIGS Gs/OS Reference: For Gs/OS System Software Version 5.0 and Later. Apple Computer. Addison-Wesley. 1991. ISBN   9780201550207.
137. Westerfield, Mike, ed. (1993). "GS/OS Changes". Programmer's Reference for System 6.0.1 (PDF). Byte Works. pp. 37–38.
138. Apple II - Apple Pascal - Operating System Reference Manual (PDF). Apple Computer. 1980. pp. 2, 248. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-30.
139. Apple III - Pascal - 1.1 Update. Apple Computer. pp. 1–3.
140. Campbell, John (1984). "The ProDOS program". Inside Apple's ProDOS (PDF). Reston Publishing. p. 28. ISBN   978-0835930789. The PRO DOS program is just what the name implies. It is a set of machine-language routines that provide the interface to any disk drive manufactured by Apple Computer, Inc. for the Apple II computers
141. "DOS 3.3, ProDOS & Beyond". apple2history.org. 7 July 2001. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
142. "Apple III Documentation: Apple III SOS Reference Manual Volume 1 - How SOS Works" (PDF). Internet Archive. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
143. "Apple /// Sophisticated Operating System (SOS) Version 1.3 Source Code Listing" (PDF). apple2.org.za. Apple Computer. 2001. p. 4. Retrieved 24 October 2024. This source listing is for version 1.3 of SOS, the last released SOS. Note that Apple had (to my knowledge) 3 SOS releases: 1.0, 1.1, 1.3 (version 1.2 appeares to have not been released to the public). Version 1.3's release date is February 1982.
144. "The Early Mac OS". applemuseum.bott.org. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
145. "Archived - Macintosh: System Software Version History". Apple Support. 19 February 2012. Archived from the original on 10 March 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
146. "Apple Macintosh System 7.0.1". Internet Archive. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
147. "System 6.0.8L: ReadMe File" (PDF). Internet Archive. Apple Computer. 19 February 2012. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
148. "Mac OS System 7.6". Centre for Computer History. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
149. "Mac OS 9.2.2: Document and Software". Apple.com. 5 December 2001. Archived from the original on 21 April 2006. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
150. Haslam, Karen (9 August 2024). "macOS versions: A complete list of every macOS and Mac OS X release". Mac World. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
151. Reimer, Jeremy (19 January 2023). "Revisiting Apple's ill-fated Lisa computer, 40 years on". Ars Technica. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
152. Craig, David T. (July–September 1994). "The Lisa Computer: A Retrospective" (PDF). The Analytical Engine: 19. Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
153. Miller, Frederic P.; Vandome, Agnes F.; McBrewster, John (4 January 2010). History of Mac OS: System 6, System 7, Mac OS 8, Mac OS 9, History of Mac OS X, A/UX, Apple DOS, Apple GS/OS, Apple Lisa, Apple ProDOS, Apple SOS, Apple Computer, Inc.v.Microsoft Corporation. Alpha Press. ISBN   978-613-0-27541-9. The original Mac OS was partially based on the Lisa OS, previously released by Apple for the Lisa computer in 1983
154. "Mklinux: Linux for the Power Macintosh". mklinux.apple.com. 1998. Archived from the original on 23 April 1999. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
155. Mortin, Rich (March 1997). MkLinux: microkernel Linux for the Power Macintosh (3rd ed.). Prime Time Freeware. ISBN   978-1-881957-24-9. OCLC   717806070 – via Internet Archive.
156. "MkLinux". ArchiveOS. 27 January 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
157. Knight, Daniel. "Apple's NeXT Direction". lowendmac.com. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
158. Reimer, Jeremy (1 June 2022). "Remembering Apple's Newton, 30 years on". Ars Technica. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
159. "TextEdit User Guide". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
160. Fleishman, Glenn (7 February 2016). "Reasons to love TextEdit, a secret powerhouse of rich text". Macworld. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
161. "Using Activity Monitor to read System Memory and determine how much RAM is being used (OS X Mountain Lion and earlier)". Apple Support. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
162. Waldie, Ben (27 Dec 2007). Automator for Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard: Visual QuickStart Guide. Pearson Education. ISBN   9780132712347.
163. Waldie, Ben (2005). Mac OS X Technology Guide to Automator. Spiderworks. ISBN   9780974434469.
164. "Stickies User Guide". Apple Support. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
165. Casserly, Martyn (21 August 202). "How to use widgets on the Mac". Macworld. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
166. Statt, Nick (4 June 2019). "Apple will permanently remove Dashboard in macOS Catalina". The Verge. Archived from the original on 16 January 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
167. Porter, Jon (5 June 2023). "Apple announces macOS Sonoma with game mode and support for desktop widgets". The Verge. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
168. Cunningham, Andrew (24 September 2018). "macOS 10.14 Mojave: The Ars Technica review". Ars Technica. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
169. Allyn, Bobby (17 June 2024). "Apple just made your app obsolete? You've been 'Sherlocked'". NPR. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
170. "Apple - Products - Sherlock". Apple.com. 2003. Archived from the original on 29 November 2010. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
171. "Apple - Mac OS X - Feature - Sherlock 3". Apple.com. 2002. Archived from the original on 3 August 2002. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
172. Rawlinson, Nik (26 February 2015). "10 Apple apps that didn't make it". Macworld. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
173. "Boot Camp Assistant User Guide". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
174. Loyola, Roman (18 February 2023). "RIP Boot Camp: Microsoft endorses Parallels for Windows on M1 and M2 Macs". Macworld. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
175. Davenport, Corbin (3 April 2024). "Apple Should Bring Back Boot Camp, Here's Why". How-To Geek. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
176. "TV App". Apple. Archived from the original on 7 October 2017. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
177. Vincent, James (27 October 2016). "Apple announces a TV app to put all your content in one place". The Verge. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
178. "DVD Player User Guide". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
179. "Final Cut Pro". Apple.com. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
180. Pavic, Vjeran (23 June 2024). "The new Final Cut Pro hooked me on iPad video editing". The Verge. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
181. Calhoun, Blake (2024-06-30). "Final Cut Camera App". iphoneographers. Retrieved 2025-05-15.
182. Final Cut Express 4 User Manual (PDF). Apple. 2007.
183. Foresman, Chris (22 June 2011). "Final Cut Express, Server going away as Apple improves Final Cut Pro X". Ars Technica. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
184. "QuickTime Pro 7 - Technical Specifications". Apple Support. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
185. Moren, Dan (24 May 2018). "macOS 10.14: Improvements that Apple's Mac operating system could use". Macworld. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
186. Snell, Jason (17 April 2018). "QuickTime Player 7: Goodbye to Apple's brushed-metal dinosaur".
187. "App Store". Apple.com. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
188. "Apple to let iPhone users in Europe delete its App Store". RTÉ News. 22 August 2024. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
189. "App Store User Guide for Mac". Apple Support. Retrieved 2024-10-27.
190. Heater, Brian (25 October 2024). "What is Apple Intelligence, when is it coming and who will get it?". TechCrunch. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
191. Chen, Brian X. (2 October 2024). "Apple's A.I. Is Landing Soon on iPhones. Here's What It's Like". New York Times. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
192. Morelo, David (2024-09-16). "macOS 15 Sequoia Review: A Small Glimpse of an AI-Powered Future". Macgasm. Retrieved 2025-05-19.
193. "Safari". Apple.com. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
194. C., Andi (7 January 2023). "Safari's 20th Anniversary: Apple's 'Fastest Web Browser' Made for the Macbook Over the Years". Tech Times. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
195. Pierce, David (25 January 2024). "Apple is finally allowing full versions of Chrome and Firefox to run on the iPhone". The Verge. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
196. "Find My Support". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
197. Barrett, Brian (12 September 2019). "The Biggest iPhone News Is a Tiny New Chip Inside It". Wired. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
198. Greenberg, Andy (5 June 2019). "The Clever Cryptography Behind Apple's 'Find My' Feature". Wired. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
199. "Font Book User Guide for Mac". Apple Support. Retrieved 2024-10-27.
200. Miser, Brad (2008). Apple Mac OSX Leopard in Depth. Que Publishing. pp. 214–225. ISBN   978-0-273-72158-1.
201. "Launchpad". Apple Support. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
202. Siracusa, John (20 July 2011). "Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: the Ars Technica review". Ars Technica. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
203. "Maps User Guide". Apple Support. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
204. Michael, Simon (24 July 2024). "Apple takes direct aim at Google with surprising launch of Apple Maps on the web". Macworld. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
205. "Siri". Apple.com. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
206. McMahon, Liv (11 June 2024). Kleinman, Zoe (ed.). "Apple brings ChatGPT to iPhones in AI overhaul". BBC News. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
207. Nichols, Shaun (20 June 2014). "20 years on: eWorld, Apple's spectacular online 'portal' failure". The Register. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
208. "eWorld: Apple's Overpriced, Poorly Marketed Online Service". Low End Mac. 29 April 2014. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
209. "Apple iWeb User Manual". ManyManuals. pp. 1, 3. Retrieved 27 October 2024– via Apple.
210. Kessler, Topher (12 September 2011). "'iWeb to Wordpress' converter offers potential for iWeb bloggers". Cnet. Retrieved 27 October 2024. While Apple will still be supporting its personal Web hosting service until June 30, 2012, the service will eventually be shut down. In addition, Apple's iWeb program has been discontinued, so while it still works, it too will sooner or later need to be replaced.
211. Warren, Tom (2024-02-08). "Apple moves away from iTunes on PC with new Windows apps". The Verge. Retrieved 2024-10-29.