VisionOS

Last updated

visionOS
VisionOS logo.svg
VisionOS Home Screenshot.jpg
Home View in visionOS
Developer Apple Inc.
OS family Unix-like, based on Darwin (BSD), iOS, mostly based on iPadOS
Working stateCurrent
Initial releaseJanuary 23, 2024
Latest release 2.2 [1] (December 11, 2024;6 days ago (2024-12-11)) [±]
Marketing target Mixed reality headsets, Apple Vision Pro
Platforms ARMv8-A
Kernel type Hybrid (XNU)
License Proprietary software with open-source components
Official website developer.apple.com/visionos/
Support status
Supported

visionOS is a mixed reality operating system derived primarily from iPadOS core frameworks (including UIKit, SwiftUI, ARKit and RealityKit), and MR-specific frameworks for foveated rendering and real-time interaction. [2] [3] It was developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its Apple Vision Pro mixed reality headset. It was unveiled on June 5, 2023, at Apple's WWDC23 event alongside the reveal of the Apple Vision Pro. [4] The software released on February 2, 2024, shipping with the Apple Vision Pro. [5]

Contents

History

Apple has reportedly been working on and conceptualizing visionOS throughout the 2010s and early 2020s. [6] Internally codenamed Borealis, [7] it was officially revealed to the public at Apple's WWDC23 event alongside the Vision Pro. Apple stated the two would release in early 2024. [8] App Store guidelines for the operating system similarly state that developers should refer to visionOS software as "spatial computing experiences" or "vision apps", and avoid the use of terms such as "augmented reality" and "mixed reality". [9] [10]

During the event, The Walt Disney Company announced plans to develop spatial computing apps for visionOS; [11] Disney+ currently offers features such as streaming of selected titles in stereoscopic 3D, and they also offer 3D environments based on the El Capitan Theatre and locations from Disney-owned franchises. [12]

The operating system was initially planned to be released as xrOS before the name was changed reportedly days before the release, after the WWDC23 keynote and developer sessions had already been filmed. [13] On January 8, 2024, Apple announced that the Vision Pro with visionOS would be available in the US on February 2, 2024, with pre-orders beginning on January 19. [14]

Developer tools

From June 5–12, 2023, Apple released 35 free virtual sessions covering visionOS development as part of WWDC23. On June 21, 2023, Apple released Xcode 15 Beta 2, which was the first Xcode beta to include a software development kit for visionOS and Reality Composer Pro, a tool to create 3D content for visionOS. [15] Xcode 15 launched without these features, which were eventually added in Xcode 15.2 on January 8, 2024, [16] [17] the same day that Apple started accepting submissions for the visionOS App Store. [17]

During the WWDC23 keynote, Apple revealed it was working with Unity Technologies to support the Unity engine on visionOS, [18] [19] and that Unity would be releasing development tools for 3D games on Vision Pro, which launched in beta on July 19, 2023. [20]

Features

visionOS uses a 3D user interface navigated via finger tracking, eye tracking, and speech recognition. For example, the user can click an element by looking at it and pinching two fingers together, move the element by moving their pinched fingers, and scroll by flicking their wrist. Apps are displayed in floating windows that can be arranged in 3D space. visionOS supports a virtual keyboard for text input, the Siri virtual assistant, and external Bluetooth peripherals including Magic Keyboard, Magic Trackpad, and gamepads. [21] [22]

During visionOS setup, a user can create a digital persona by taking off the headset and scanning their face with it. Users can use this persona during FaceTime calls, and see other participants' personas if they are using visionOS. [23] From visionOS 1.1, the ability to see personas in 3D moving around and interacting with apps was added, dubbed 'Spatial Personas.' [24]

The Photos app supports presenting spatial video, depth-mapped 3D video recorded on Vision Pro or iPhone 15 Pro, by adapting the video's depth to the user's head movements. [25]

At launch, visionOS shipped with 13 pre-installed 3D 360° background animated environments with accompanying ambient sounds, including optional day and night scenes of Yosemite National Park; Haleakalā National Park; Joshua Tree National Park; Mount Hood National Forest; Lake Vrangla near Drammen, Norway; and the Moon. [26]

The Apple TV app offers 3D films; the company announced that over 150 films would be available in 3D at launch, at no additional charge to users that rent or purchase the films on iTunes Store. [27]

WebXR, an API for mixed reality experiences through web browsers, is supported in Safari. [28]

visionOS users can also access their Mac with a resizable 4K virtual display that appears after looking at the computer; this will be extended to an 8K ultrawide display in late 2024, according to Apple. [29] [30] [31] [32] [33]

Supported apps

visionOS is backwards compatible with existing iOS and iPadOS apps, which are rendered in windows within the user environment and are automatically compatible with visionOS's input system. [14] [34] Although all apps are available on visionOS by default, the developers of iOS and iPadOS apps have the option to opt out of visionOS compatibility. Apple claims that over 1 million apps from iOS and iPadOS are available on visionOS. [14] In addition to iPadOS and iOS apps, over 600 native visionOS apps have been developed specifically for the platform at launch, according to Apple. [35] Apple also claims 100 Apple Arcade games will be compatible with visionOS at launch, the majority of which can make use of visionOS's gamepad compatibility. [22] [36] [37]

Many popular productivity apps have released fully-optimized visionOS versions, including Microsoft 365 apps (Teams, Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, etc.), Adobe Lightroom, Slack, Zoom, and Webex. [38] Many streaming apps are also optimized for the platform, such as Max, Disney+, Prime Video, Paramount+, and ESPN. [39]

Some of the most popular entertainment apps for iOS and iPadOS including Netflix, Spotify, and YouTube have not made their iOS or iPadOS apps available to run on visionOS, recommending users instead use their respective websites on Safari. [40] YouTube has announced that a visionOS app is "on [the] roadmap." [41]

Apple-made apps that come preinstalled on visionOS include Mail, Messages, Mindfulness, Apple Music, Apple TV, Notes, Photos, and Freeform.

Reception

Pre-launch

Before the February 2024 launch, Apple gave controlled demos of the Apple Vision Pro to many technology journalists, some of whom have praised its multitasking capabilities and input methods, while lamenting that the software is only available on expensive hardware. [42] Other reviewers have focused on the software's spatial videos feature and high resolution, while questioning what the software's main use case will be. [43] Speculation from journalists noted ongoing disputes from the developers of popular apps regarding the commissions charged by Apple for in-app purchases through apps distributed on the App Store as a potential cause for many not developing visionOS-native versions. [44]

Release

Many reviews praised visionOS even while criticizing the hardware. Some reviews even mentioned features more advanced than the Apple Vision Pro hardware, such as eye and hand tracking. [45] Almost all key reviews praised the window mechanics and experience. [46] [45]

Version history

VersionInitial release dateLatest versionBuild numberLatest release dateDevice end-of-life
visionOS 1 February 2, 20241.321O771July 29, 2024—
visionOS 2 September 16, 20242.3 beta22N5875eDecember 16, 2024—
Legend:  Obsolete  Supported  Current  Beta

    visionOS 1

    visionOS 1 is the first major version of visionOS. It was announced in WWDC 2023 on June 5, 2023, [47] and was released on February 2, 2024, pre-installed in the Apple Vision Pro upon its release [48] however, it was actually released on January 23, 2024 with the version number 1.0.1.

    Overview of visionOS 1 versions
    VersionBuild numberRelease dateFeatures
    1.0 beta21N5165gJune 21, 2023
    1.0 beta 221N5207gJuly 25, 2023
    1.0 beta 321N5233fAugust 29, 2023
    1.0 beta 421N5259kOctober 3, 2023
    1.0 beta 521N5260bOctober 31, 2023
    1.0 beta 621N5300aNovember 14, 2023
    1.0 beta 721N307December 12, 2023
    1.0 [49] 21N307February 2, 2024Hand gestures and typing
    1.0.1 [50] 21N311January 23, 2024Bug fixes and security updates
    1.0.2 [51] 21N323January 31, 2024Bug fixes and security updates [52]
    1.0.3 [53] 21N333February 12, 2024Bug fixes; passcode reset option.
    1.1 beta21O5181eFebruary 6, 2024
    1.1 beta 221O5188cFebruary 13, 2024
    1.1 beta 321O5197aFebruary 20, 2024
    1.1 beta 421O5203aFebruary 27, 2024
    1.1 RC21O209March 4, 2024
    1.1 [54] 21O211March 7, 2024
    1.1.1 [55] 21O224March 21, 2024Bug fixes and security updates [56]
    1.1.2 [57] 21O231April 9, 2024Bug fixes and security updates [58]
    1.2 beta21O5555eApril 2, 2024
    1.2 beta21O5555fApril 9, 2024revised version of 1.2 beta
    1.2 beta 221O5565dApril 16, 2024
    1.2 beta 321O5570dApril 23, 2024
    1.2 beta 421O5580aApril 30, 2024
    1.2 beta 521O5587aMay 7, 2024
    1.2 [59] 21O589June 10, 2024Bug fixes; security updates; region and language support [60]
    1.3 beta21O5747cJune 17, 2024
    1.3 beta 221O5756aJuly 1, 2024
    1.3 beta 321O5761aJuly 9, 2024
    1.3 beta 421O5768aJuly 16, 2024
    1.3 RC21O771July 23, 2024
    1.3 [61] 21O771July 29, 2024Bug fixes and security updates [62]

    visionOS 2

    visionOS 2 is the second major version of visionOS. It was announced in WWDC 2024 on June 10, 2024 and was released on September 16, 2024. [63] [64] [65]

    Overview of visionOS 2 versions
    VersionBuild numberRelease dateFeatures
    2.0 beta22N5252nJune 10, 2024
    2.0 beta 222N5267gJune 24, 2024
    2.0 beta 322N5277gJuly 8, 2024
    2.0 beta 422N5286gJuly 23, 2024
    2.0 beta 522N5297gAugust 5, 2024
    2.0 beta 622N5308bAugust 12, 2024
    2.0 beta 722N5314aAugust 20, 2024
    2.0 beta 822N5318aAugust 28, 2024
    2.0 beta 922N5319aSeptember 3, 2024
    2.0 RC22N320September 9, 2024
    2.022N320September 16, 2024Photos options added
    2.0.122N342October 3, 2024Bug fixes and security updates
    2.1 beta22N5548dSeptember 17, 2024
    2.1 beta 222N5553dSeptember 23, 2024
    2.1 beta 322N5558dOctober 1, 2024
    2.1 beta 422N5567aOctober 7, 2024
    2.1 beta 522N5573aOctober 14, 2024
    2.1 beta 622N5573bOctober 18, 2024
    2.1 RC22N580October 21, 2024
    2.1 RC 222N581October 22, 2024
    2.122N581October 28, 2024Bug fixes and security updates
    2.1.122N591November 19, 2024Bug fixes and security updates
    2.2 beta22N5778fNovember 4, 2024
    2.2 beta 222N5784eNovember 12, 2024
    2.2 beta 322N5794aNovember 18, 2024
    2.2 beta 422N5800aDecember 3, 2024
    2.2 RC22N840December 5, 2024
    2.2 RC 222N841December 9, 2024
    2.222N842December 11, 2024
    2.3 beta22N5875eDecember 16, 2024

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    65. ↑ "Introducing visionOS 2: An overview of what's new and features". Kaipkada. June 10, 2024.
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