List of the Mesozoic life of North Dakota

Last updated May 10, 2024

A

Acipenser
† Adocus
Restorative model of the Late Cretaceous mammal Alphadon
† Alphadon
- † Alphadon marshi
† Altacreodus
- † Altacreodus magnus
† Amersinia
- † Amersinia FU082 – informal
- † Amersinia FU82 – informal
† Amesoneuron
- † Amesoneuron FU037 – informal
- † Amesoneuron FU37 – informal
† Ampelopsis
- † Ampelopsis acerifolia
† Anomia
- † Anomia gryphorhyncha
† Anzu
- † Anzu wyliei
† Araliaephyllum
- † Araliaephyllum polevoi
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous sea turtle Archelon
† Archelon
† Artocarpus
- † Artocarpus lessigiana
† Asimina
- † Asimina knowltonia
Aspideretes
Atractosteus
† Avisaurus – or unidentified comparable form
- † Avisaurus archibaldi
† Axestemys
- † Axestemys splendida
Azolla
- † Azolla gigantea – type locality for species

B

† Basilemys
- † Basilemys sinuosa
† Belonostomus
- † Belonostomus longirostris
† Bisonia
- † Bisonia niemii
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous crocodilian Borealosuchus
† Borealosuchus
- † Borealosuchus sternbergii
† Boremys
† Brachychampsa
- † Brachychampsa montana

C

Campeloma
- † Campeloma acroterion
A living Carcharias sand tiger shark
Carcharias
† Carpites
- † Carpites ulmiformis
- † Carpites verrucosus
† Cedrobaena
- † Cedrobaena brinkman
- † Cedrobaena putorius
† Celastrus
- † Celastrus taurenensis
† Ceratophyllum
- † Ceratophyllum FU080 – informal
† Cercidiphyllales
- † Cercidiphyllales HC355 – informal
Cercidiphyllum
- † Cercidiphyllum ellipticum
- † Cercidiphyllum genetrix
- † Cercidiphyllum HC124 – informal
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene choristoderan reptile Champsosaurus
† Champsosaurus
- † Champsosaurus laramiensis
† Cimolodon
- † Cimolodon nitidus
Cinnamomum
- † Cinnamomum lineafolia
† Cissites
- † Cissites acerifolia
- † Cissites insignis
- † Cissites lobata
- † Cissites puilosokensis
† Clisocolus
- † Clisocolus moreauensis
† Cocculus
- † Cocculus flabella
† Compsemys – type locality for genus
- † Compsemys victa – type locality for species
† Corbulamella
- † Corbulamella inornata
† Coriops
- † Coriops amnicolus – or unidentified comparable form
† Cornophyllum
- † Cornophyllum newberryi
Cornus – or unidentified related form
† Crassatellina
- † Crassatellina hollandi
Fossilized shell of the Cretaceous-modern oyster Crassostrea
Crassostrea
† Crenella
- † Crenella elegantula
† Cretalamna ^[1]
- † Cretalamna feldmanni – type locality for species^[1]
Cucullaea
- † Cucullaea nebrascensis
† Cupressinocladus
- † Cupressinocladus interruptus
† Cuspidaria
- † Cuspidaria ventricosa
† Cyclurus
- † Cyclurus fragosus
† Cymbophora
- † Cymbophora warrenana
† Cypercites – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature

D

† Dalbergites – or unidentified related form
- † Dalbergites simplex
† Dammarites
- † Dammarites HC257 – informal
† Dasyatis ^[1]
- † Dasyatis northdakotaensis – type locality for species^[1]
Dicotylophyllum
- † Dicotylophyllum anomalum
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous marsupial relative Didelphodon
† Didelphodon
- † Didelphodon vorax
† Dosiniopsis
- † Dosiniopsis deweyi
† Dryophyllum
- † Dryophyllum subfalcatum
- † Dryophyllum tenneseensis
- † Dryophyllum tennesseensis
- † Dryophyllum tennessensis

E

† Edmontosaurus
- Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous duck-billed dinosaur Edmontosaurus annectens
  † Edmontosaurus annectens
† Elasmodus
† Elatides
- † Elatides longifolia
† Emarginachelys
- † Emarginachelys cretacea
† Enchodus
† Equisetum
- † Equisetum FU036 – informal
- † Equisetum FU36 – informal
† Erlingdorfia
- † Erlingdorfia montana
† Essonodon
- † Essonodon browni
† Ethmocardium
- † Ethmocardium whitei

F

Ficus
- † Ficus planicostata
† Fokieniopsis
- † Fokieniopsis catenulata

G

† Gamerabaena – type locality for genus
- † Gamerabaena sonsalla – type locality for species
† Gilmoremys
- † Gilmoremys lancensis
Fossilized leaf of the Permian-modern tree Ginkgo
Ginkgo
- † Ginkgo adiantoides
† Glasbius
- † Glasbius twitchelli
Glyptostrobus
- † Glyptostrobus europaeus
- † Glyptostrobus HC9 – informal
† Goniomya
- † Goniomya americana
† Grammatodon
- † Grammatodon sulcatinus
† Grewiopsis
- † Grewiopsis saportana
† Gypsonictops
- † Gypsonictops illuminatus
† Gyrostrea
- † Gyrostrea subtrigonalis

H

† Habrosaurus
- † Habrosaurus dilatus
† Harmsia
- † Harmsia hydrocotyloidea
† Helopanoplia
- † Helopanoplia distincta
† Hoplochelys
- † Hoplochelys clark – type locality for species
Fossilized shell of the Late Cretaceous ammonoid cephalopod Hoploscaphites
† Hoploscaphites
- † Hoploscaphites nicolletii
† Hummelichelys
- † Hummelichelys foveatus
† Humulus
- † Humulus HC243 – informal
† Hydropteris
- † Hydropteris pinnata
† Hypoxytoma
- † Hypoxytoma nebrascana

I

Fossilized shell of the Early Jurassic-Late Cretaceous marine bivalve Inoceramus with a human indicating its size
† Inoceramus – tentative report
† Ischyodus
- † Ischyodus rayhaasi – type locality for species
† Ischyrhiza
- † Ischyrhiza avonicola

J

† Judithemys
- † Judithemys backmani
Juglans – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- † Juglans arctica

L

A modern Lamna mackerel shark
Lamna
- † Lamna mediavia
† Laurophyllum
- † Laurophyllum lanceolatum
- † Laurophyllum wardiana
† Leepierceia
- † Leepierceia preartocarpoides
† Lemnaceae
- † Lemnaceae scutatum
Illustration of a living Lepisosteus , or gar
Lepisosteus
- † Lepisosteus occidentalis
Limopsis
- † Limopsis striatopunctatus
† Lioplacodes
† Liriodendrites
- † Liriodendrites bradacii
Foliage and flower of a living Liriodendron tulipifera , or American Tulip-tree
† Liriodendron – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- † Liriodendron laramiense
† Lisserpeton
- † Lisserpeton bairdi – or unidentified comparable form
† Lonchidion
- † Lonchidion selachos

M

† Macclintockia – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- † Macclintockia electilis
Malletia
- † Malletia evansi
Marchantia
- † Marchantia pealii
† Marmarthia
- † Marmarthia johnsonii
- † Marmarthia pearsonii
- † Marmarthia trivalis
- † Marmarthia trivialis
† Melvius
- † Melvius thomasi
Fossilized skull of the Late Cretaceous multituberculate mammal Meniscoessus
† Meniscoessus
- † Meniscoessus robustus
† Mesocyparis
- † Mesocyparis borealis
† Mesodma
- † Mesodma thompsoni
Metasequoia
- † Metasequoia HC035 – informal
- † Metasequoia HC35 – informal
- † Metasequoia occidentalis
† Modiolus
- † Modiolus galpinianus
† Myledaphus
- † Myledaphus bipartitus
Myliobatis
- † Myliobatis foxhillsensis – type locality for species^[1]
Myrica
- † Myrica torreyi

N

A living Nelumbo lotus
† Nelumbo
- † Nelumbo FU062 – informal
- † Nelumbo FU085 – informal
- † Nelumbo FU62 – informal
- † Nelumbo HC202 – informal
† Neurankylus
† Nilsonia
- † Nilsonia yukonensis
† Nilssoniocladus
- † Nilssoniocladus comtula
- † Nilssoniocladus yukonensis
† Nordenskioldia
- † Nordenskioldia borealis
Interior of a fossilized shell of the Early Ordovician-modern marine bivalve Nucula
Nucula
- † Nucula obsoletastriata
- † Nucula planomarginata
Nuculana
- † Nuculana scitula
- † Nuculana tarensis
† Nyssidium
- † Nyssidium arcticum

O

A living Odontaspis sand shark
Odontaspis
- † Odontaspis macrota
† Ophiomorpha
† Opisthotriton
- † Opisthotriton kayi
† Osmunda
- † Osmunda hollicki

P

Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous dome-headed dinosaur Pachycephalosaurus
† Pachycephalosaurus
- † Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis
† Palaeosaniwa
- † Palaeosaniwa canadensis
† Palatobaena
- † Palatobaena cohen – type locality for species
† Paleoaster
- † Paleoaster inquirenda
† Paloreodoxites
- † Paloreodoxites plicatus
Panopea
- † Panopea occidentalis
† Paranymphaea
- † Paranymphaea crassifolia
- † Paranymphaea hastata
Electron micrograph of the fossilized teeth in multiple views of the Late Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Paronychodon
† Paronychodon
- † Paronychodon lacustris
Periploma
- † Periploma subgracile
† Phelopteria
- † Phelopteria linguaeformis
† Philodendron
- † Philodendron HC201 – informal
Physa
† Piceoerpeton
† Pistia
- † Pistia corrugata
† Platanites
- † Platanites marginata
Platanus
- † Platanus raynoldsii
Restoration of the Late Cretaceous mosasaur Platecarpus
† Platecarpus
† Plesiobaena
- † Plesiobaena antiqua
- † Plesiobaena antiquus
† Plioplatecarpus
Populus
- † Populus nebrascensis
† Protocardia
- † Protocardia subquadrata
† Protolambda
- † Protolambda florencae
† Protochelydra
† Pseudoptera
- † Pseudoptera subtortuosa
† Pterospermites
- † Pterospermites cordata

Q

† Quereuxia
- † Quereuxia angulata

R

† Rhamnus
- † Rhamnus cleburni
- † Rhamnus salicifolius
Micrograph with magnified inset of a fossilized tooth of the Late Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Richardoestesia
† Richardoestesia
- † Richardoestesia isosceles

S

† Salvinia
- † Salvinia HC312 – informal
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous dromaeosaurid Saurornitholestes preying upon a multituberculate mammal
† Saurornitholestes
† Scapanorhynchus – tentative report
† Scapherpeton
- † Scapherpeton tectum
† Scaphites
- † Scaphites corvensis
- † Scaphites mariasensis
Base of the trunk of a living Sequoia tree with a human to scale
† Sequoia
- † Sequoia HC070 – informal
- † Sequoia HC70 – informal
- † Sequoia obovata – or unidentified comparable form
† Sourimis
- † Sourimis equilateralis
Sphaerium
† Squatirhina
- † Squatirhina americana
† Syncyclonema
- † Syncyclonema halli

T

† Tancredia
- † Tancredia americana
Taxodium
- † Taxodium HC071 – informal
- † Taxodium olrikii
† Tellinimera
- † Tellinimera scitula
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous herbivorous dinosaur Thescelosaurus
† Thescelosaurus
- † Thescelosaurus neglectus
† Thoracosaurus
- † Thoracosaurus neocesariensis
† Torosaurus
- † Torosaurus latus
† Trachodon
† Triceratops
- † Triceratops horridus
- † Triceratops prorsus
† Trochodendroides
- † Trochodendroides nebrascensis
† Troodon
Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous tyrannosaur Tyrannosaurus
† Tyrannosaurus
- † Tyrannosaurus rex

V

† Vetericardiella
- † Vetericardiella crenalirata
Vitis
- † Vitis stantonii

Z

† Zingiberopsis
- † Zingiberopsis attenuata
- † Zingiberopsis magnifolia
Ziziphus
- † Ziziphus fibrillosus

References

1 2 3 4 5 John W. Hoganson; J. Mark Erickson; F. D. Holland, Jr. (2019). "Chondrichthyan and osteichthyan paleofaunas from the Cretaceous (Late Maastrichtian) Fox Hills Formation of North Dakota, USA: Paleoecology, paleogeography, and extinction" (PDF). Bulletins of American Paleontology. 398: 1–94. doi:10.32857/bap.2019.398.

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[BAP398-1] 1 2 3 4 5 John W. Hoganson; J. Mark Erickson; F. D. Holland, Jr. (2019). "Chondrichthyan and osteichthyan paleofaunas from the Cretaceous (Late Maastrichtian) Fox Hills Formation of North Dakota, USA: Paleoecology, paleogeography, and extinction" (PDF). Bulletins of American Paleontology. 398: 1–94. doi:10.32857/bap.2019.398.

[1]

List of the Mesozoic life of North Dakota

Contents

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

V

Z

References