List of the Mesozoic life of South Dakota

Last updated May 10, 2024

This list of the Mesozoic life of South Dakota contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of South Dakota and are between 252.17 and 66 million years of age.

A

Acipenser – or unidentified comparable form
† Actinocamax
† Actinosepia
- † Actinosepia canadensis
† Adocus
† Agerostrea
- † Agerostrea translucida
† Allosaurus
Restorative model of the Late Cretaceous mammal Alphadon
† Alphadon
- † Alphadon marshi
† Amesoneuron
- † Amesoneuron FU37 – informal
† Anatotitan
- † Anatotitan copei
† Anisomyon
† Anomia
- † Anomia gryphorhyncha
† Antillocaprina
† Anzu – type locality for genus
- † Anzu wyliei – type locality for species
† Apatosaurus
† Araucarioxylon
- † Araucarioxylon hoppertonae – type locality for species
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous sea turtle Archelon
† Archelon – type locality for genus
- † Archelon ischryos
- † Archelon ischyros – type locality for species
† Artocarpus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- † Artocarpus lessigiana
Aspideretes
† Asplenium
- † Asplenium Dicksonianum
† Axestemys – or unidentified comparable form
- † Axestemys splendida

B

Fossilized shell of the Late Cretaceous ammonoid cephalopod Baculites
† Baculites
- † Baculites clinolobatus
- † Baculites compressus
- † Baculites grandis
- † Baculites larsoni
- † Baculites ovatus
- † Baculites yokoyamai
† Bananogmius
- † Bananogmius evolutus
† Baptornis
- † Baptornis varneri – type locality for species
Restoration of the Late Jurassic sauropod dinosaur Barosaurus rearing to defend itself against a pair of the theropod Allosaurus
† Barosaurus – type locality for genus
- † Barosaurus lentus – type locality for species
† Basilemys
- † Basilemys sinuosa
† Belemnitella
- † Belemnitella bulbosa
Beryx – or unidentified related form
† Binneyites
- † Binneyites carlilensis
† Bisonia
- † Bisonia niemii
† Bolodon
- † Bolodon hydei – type locality for species
† Borealosuchus
- † Borealosuchus sternbergii
† Borissiakoceras – tentative report
Brachidontes
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous Alligator relative Brachychampsa
† Brachychampsa
- † Brachychampsa montana
† Brodavis
- † Brodavis baileyi – type locality for species
† Bubodens – type locality for genus
- † Bubodens magnus – type locality for species

C

† Caenagnathus
† Calycoceras
- † Calycoceras boreale – type locality for species
- † Calycoceras dromense – or unidentified comparable form
Life restoration of a herd of the Late Jurassic sauropod dinosaur Camarasaurus
† Camarasaurus
Campeloma
† Camptonectes
- † Camptonectes hallii
† Carabites
- † Carabites russelli – type locality for species
† Cataceramus – or unidentified comparable form
- † Cataceramus tenuilineatus
† Caturus
- † Caturus dartoni – type locality for species
† Celastrophyllum
- † Celastrophyllum pulchrum – type locality for species
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene choristoderan reptile Champsosaurus
† Champsosaurus
† Cimexomys
† Cimolodon
- † Cimolodon nitidus
† Cimolomys
- † Cimolomys gracilis
† Cissites
- † Cissites ingens
- † Cissites salisburiaefolius
† Claibornites
- † Claibornites cedrensis
† Claosaurus
- † Claosaurus affinis – type locality for species
† Clavipholas
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous mosasaurid Clidastes
† Clidastes
- † Clidastes propython
† Clisocolus
- † Clisocolus moreauensis
† Cocculus
- † Cocculus flabella
† Collignoniceras
- † Collignoniceras collisniger – type locality for species
- † Collignoniceras jorgenseni – type locality for species
- † Collignoniceras percarinatum
- † Collignoniceras praecox
- † Collignoniceras vermilionense
- † Collignoniceras woolgari
- † Collignoniceras woollgari
† Compsemys
- † Compsemys victa
Corbula
- † Corbula crassimarginata
† Corbulamella
- † Corbulamella gregaria
† Crassatellina
- † Crassatellina hollandi
† Crenella
- † Crenella elegantula
† Cretodus
Fossil of the Early Cretaceous-Eocene shark Cretolamna
† Cretolamna
- † Cretolamna appendiculata
† Cteniogenys
- † Cteniogenys antiquus
Cucullaea
- † Cucullaea nebrascensis
† Cupressinocladus
- † Cupressinocladus interruptus
† Curculionites
- † Curculionites hylobioides – type locality for species
- † Curculionites northropi – type locality for species
- † Curculionites vulpinus – type locality for species
† Cuspidaria
- † Cuspidaria moreauensis
- † Cuspidaria ventricosa
Fossil of the Jurassic-Cretaceous cycad relative Cycadeoidea
† Cycadeoidea
- † Cycadeoidea aspera – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea cicatricula – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea colei – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea colossalis – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea dacotensis
- † Cycadeoidea excelsa – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea formosa – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea furcata – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea ingens – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea insolita – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea jenneyana
- † Cycadeoidea Jenneyana
- † Cycadeoidea marshiana – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea mcbridei – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea McBridei – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea minnekahtensis – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea nana – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea occidentalis – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea paynei – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea pulcherrima – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea stillwelli – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea turrita – type locality for species
- † Cycadeoidea Wellsii – type locality for species
† Cyclurus
- † Cyclurus fragosus
† Cymbophora
- † Cymbophora warrenana
Cyrtodaria
- † Cyrtodaria minuta

D

† Dakotadon
- † Dakotadon lakotaensis
Restoration of the Late Cretaceous dromaeosaurid ("raptor") Dakotaraptor preying upon an ostrich dinosaur
† Dakotaraptor – type locality for genus
- † Dakotaraptor steini – type locality for species
† Dakoticancer
- † Dakoticancer overanus
† Delphodon
- † Delphodon comptus – or unidentified comparable form
† Desmatochelys
- † Desmatochelys lowi
† Didelphodon
- † Didelphodon vorax – or unidentified comparable form
† Diplodocus
† Discoscaphites
- † Discoscaphites conradi
- † Discoscaphites gulosus
- † Discoscaphites rossi – type locality for species
† Dolichorhynchops
- † Dolichorhynchops osborni
† Dosiniopsis
- † Dosiniopsis deweyi
† Drepanochilus
- † Drepanochilus evansi
† Dryophyllum
- † Dryophyllum subfalcatum
- † Dryophyllum tenneseensis
† Dunveganoceras
- † Dunveganoceras pondi

E

† Edmontonia
- † Edmontonia longiceps
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous duck-billed dinosaur Edmontosaurus annectens
† Edmontosaurus
† Elasmosaurus
- † Elasmosaurus intermedius – type locality for species
† Elatides
- † Elatides longifolia
† Ellipsoscapha
† Embaphias – type locality for genus
- † Embaphias circulosus – type locality for species
† Enchodus
† Erlingdorfia
- † Erlingdorfia montana
† Ethmocardium
- † Ethmocardium welleri
† Eubostrychoceras
- † Eubostrychoceras matsumotoi
† Eucalycoceras
- † Eucalycoceras pentagonum
† Eutrephoceras
- † Eutrephoceras dekayi

F

† Fokieniopsis
- † Fokieniopsis catenulata

G

† Galagadon – type locality for genus^[1]
- † Galagadon nordquistae – type locality for species^[1]
† Geosternbergia
- † Geosternbergia maiseyi – type locality for species
Gleichenia
- † Gleichenia Zippei
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous mosasaur Globidens
† Globidens
- † Globidens alabamensis
- † Globidens dakotensis – type locality for species
- † Globidens schurmanni – type locality for species
† Glossozamites
- † Glossozamites Fontaineanus – type locality for species
† Glyptops
Glyptostrobus
- † Glyptostrobus europaeus
† Goniomya
- † Goniomya americana
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous tyrannosaur Gorgosaurus
† Gorgosaurus
† Grammatodon
- † Grammatodon sulcatinus
† Granocardium
- † Granocardium whitei
† Graphidula
- † Graphidula culbertsoni
† Grewiopsis
- † Grewiopsis saportana
† Gypsonictops
- † Gypsonictops hypoconus
† Gyrostrea
- † Gyrostrea subtrigonalis

H

† Hainosaurus
- † Hainosaurus neumilleri – type locality for species
† Hamites
- † Hamites cimarronensis
† Helopanoplia
- † Helopanoplia distincta
Hemiaster
- † Hemiaster beecheri
† Hercorhynchus
- † Hercorhynchus hollandi
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous toothed bird Hesperornis
† Hesperornis
- † Hesperornis regalis – or unidentified comparable form
Hiatella – tentative report
† Hindsiella
- † Hindsiella corsonensis
† Hoplitosaurus
- † Hoplitosaurus marshi – type locality for species
† Hoploparia
† Hoploscaphites
- † Hoploscaphites comprimus
- † Hoploscaphites melloi – type locality for species
- † Hoploscaphites nicolletii
Fossilized skeleton of the Early Jurassic bony fish Hulettia
† Hulettia
- † Hulettia americana – type locality for species
† Hypoxytoma
- † Hypoxytoma nebrascana
† Hypsilophodon
- † Hypsilophodon wielandi – type locality for species

I

† Ichthyodectes
† Infernolestes – type locality for genus
- † Infernolestes rougieri – type locality for species
Fossilized shell of the Early Jurassic-Late Cretaceous marine bivalve Inoceramus with a human indicating its size
† Inoceramus
- † Inoceramus apicalis
- † Inoceramus ginterensis
- † Inoceramus tenuis – or unidentified related form
- † Inoceramus tenuistriatus – tentative report
† Ischyodus
- † Ischyodus rayhaasi
Isurus

J

† Jeletskytes
- † Jeletskytes nodosus
Fossilized shell of the Late Cretaceous ammonoid cephalopod Jeletzkytes
† Jeletzkytes
- † Jeletzkytes dorfi
- † Jeletzkytes nebrascensis
- † Jeletzkytes spedeni – type locality for species
Juliacorbula
- † Juliacorbula crassimarginata
Jupiteria
- † Jupiteria scitula

L

† Lakotalestes – type locality for genus
- † Lakotalestes luoi – type locality for species
Lamna
† Laurophyllum
- † Laurophyllum wardiana
† Leepierceia
- † Leepierceia preartocarpoides
Fossilized skull of the Late Cretaceous alligator relative Leidyosuchus
† Leidyosuchus
† Lemnaceae
- † Lemnaceae scutatum
† Lepidotes – tentative report
- † Lepidotes lacotanus
Lepisosteus
- † Lepisosteus occidentalis
† Leptalestes
- † Leptalestes cooki
- † Leptalestes krejcii
† Leptosolen
Limopsis
- † Limopsis striatopunctatus
† Lioplacodes
† Lucina – tentative report

M

Malletia
- † Malletia evansi
† Marmarthia
- † Marmarthia pearsonii
- † Marmarthia trivialis
† Martinectes
- † Martinectes bonneri
† Melvius
- † Melvius thomasi
† Meniscoessus
- † Meniscoessus robustus
† Mesodma
- † Mesodma formosa
- † Mesodma hensleighi
- † Mesodma thompsoni
† Modiolus
- † Modiolus attenuatus – or unidentified related form
- † Modiolus galpinianus
- † Modiolus meeki
Life restoration of two of the Late Cretaceous Mosasaurus
† Mosasaurus
- † Mosasaurus missouriensis – type locality for species
† Myledaphus
- † Myledaphus bipartitus

N

A living Nelumbo lotus
† Nelumbo
- † Nelumbo FU62 – informal
† Neocardioceras
- † Neocardioceras transiens – type locality for species
† Nonactaeonina
† Nortedelphys
- † Nortedelphys jasoni
Nucula
- † Nucula cancellata
- † Nucula percrassa
- † Nucula planomarginata
Nuculana
- † Nuculana grandensis
- † Nuculana scitula
† Nymphalucina
- † Nymphalucina occidentalis

O

† Opertochasma
- † Opertochasma cuneatum
† Ophiomorpha
- † Ophiomorpha nodosa
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous ostrich dinosaur Ornithomimus
† Ornithomimus
† Osmakasaurus
- † Osmakasaurus depressus – type locality for species
Ostrea
- † Ostrea translucida
† Otoscaphites
- † Otoscaphites seabeensis
† Oxytoma
- † Oxytoma nebrascana

P

Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous dome-headed dinosaur Pachycephalosaurus
† Pachycephalosaurus – type locality for genus
- † Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis – type locality for species
† Pachyrhizodus
† Pahasapasaurus – type locality for genus
- † Pahasapasaurus haasi – type locality for species
† Paleoaster
- † Paleoaster inquirenda
† Palmoxylon
- † Palmoxylon cheyennense
Panopea
- † Panopea occidentalis
† Paronychodon
- † Paronychodon lacustris
† Passumys – type locality for genus
- † Passumys angelli – type locality for species
† Pediomys
- † Pediomys elegans
Periploma
- † Periploma subgracile
† Phelopteria
- † Phelopteria linguaeformis
- † Phelopteria minuta
- † Phelopteria quadrate
Pholadomya
- † Pholadomya deweyensis
† Pistia – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- † Pistia corrugata
† Placenticeras
- † Placenticeras pseudoplacenta
† Platanites
- † Platanites marginata
Platanus
- † Platanus cissoides
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous mosasaur Platecarpus
† Platecarpus
- † Platecarpus somenensis – or unidentified comparable form
- † Platecarpus tympaniticus
† Plesiobaena
- † Plesiobaena antiqua
† Plioplatecarpus
- † Plioplatecarpus primaevus – type locality for species
† Podozamites
- † Podozamites lanceolatus
† Prionocyclus
- † Prionocyclus macombi
- † Prionocyclus novimexicanus
Fossilized skull of the Late Cretaceous mosasaur Prognathodon
† Prognathodon
- † Prognathodon overtoni – type locality for species
† Proplacenticeras
- † Proplacenticeras stantoni
† Protacanthoceras
- † Protacanthoceras proteus
† Protalphadon
- † Protalphadon lulli – tentative report
† Protocardia
- † Protocardia subquadrata
† Protolambda
- † Protolambda florencae
- † Protolambda hatcheri
† Protosphyraena
† Protostega
- † Protostega marshii – type locality for species
† Pseudoptera
- † Pseudoptera subtortuosa
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous pterosaur Pteranodon
† Pteranodon
- † Pteranodon longiceps
† Ptychodus
- † Ptychodus janewayii
- † Ptychodus occidentalis

Q

Quercus
- † Quercus Wardiana
† Quereuxia
- † Quereuxia angulata

R

† Rhamnus
- † Rhamnus cleburni
† Rhombopsis
- † Rhombopsis subturritus
Micrograph with magnified inset of a fossilized tooth of the Late Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Richardoestesia
† Richardoestesia
- † Richardoestesia isosceles

S

Sassafras
- † Sassafras Mudgii
† Scaphites
- † Scaphites delicatulus
† Semitriton
- † Semitriton buccinoides
† Sequoia
- † Sequoia HC70 – informal
† Serrifusus
- † Serrifusus dakotaensis
Solemya
- † Solemya subplicata
† Sourimis
- † Sourimis equilateralis
Spaniorinus
- † Spaniorinus nicolleti
Sphaerium
† Sphenobaiera
- † Sphenobaiera ikorfatensis
† Sphenodiscus
- † Sphenodiscus beecheri – tentative report
- † Sphenodiscus lobatus
- † Sphenodiscus pleurisepta
† Spyridoceramus
- † Spyridoceramus tegulatus
Squalicorax
- † Squalicorax falcatus
Squalus
† Stramentum
- † Stramentum haworthi
Animated life restoration of the Late Cretaceous plesiosaur Styxosaurus
† Styxosaurus
- † Styxosaurus browni
- † Styxosaurus snowii – type locality for species
† Syncyclonema
- † Syncyclonema halli

T

† Tancredia
- † Tancredia americana
† Tarrantoceras
- † Tarrantoceras flexicostatum – or unidentified comparable form
† Tatankaceratops – type locality for genus
- † Tatankaceratops sacrisonorum – type locality for species
† Taxodiaceaepollenites
Taxodium
- † Taxodium olrikii
† Tellinimera
- † Tellinimera scitula
† Tenuipteria
- † Tenuipteria fibrosa
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous herbivorous dinosaur Thescelosaurus
† Thescelosaurus
- † Thescelosaurus neglectus
† Thespesius – type locality for genus
- † Thespesius occidentalis – type locality for species
† Torosaurus
- † Torosaurus latus
† Toxochelys
- † Toxochelys latiremis
† Trachodon
† Trachybaculites
- † Trachybaculites columna
† Tragodesmoceras
- † Tragodesmoceras carlilense
- † Tragodesmoceras carlilensis
† Triceratops
- † Triceratops horridus
† Trochodendroides
- † Trochodendroides nebrascensis
† Tylosaurus
- † Tylosaurus proriger
Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous tyrannosaur Tyrannosaurus
† Tyrannosaurus
- † Tyrannosaurus rex

V

† Vanikoropsis
- † Vanikoropsis nebrascensis
† Viburnites
- † Viburnites Evansanus
Shell of a Viviparus freshwater snail
Viviparus

W

† Willimactra

Y

† Yezoites
Yoldia
- † Yoldia lacrima
- † Yoldia rectangularis

Z

Ziziphus
- † Ziziphus fibrillosus

References

1 2 Terry A. Gates; Eric Gorscak; Peter J. Makovicky (2019). "New sharks and other chondrichthyans from the latest Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) of North America". Journal of Paleontology. 93 (3): 512–530. doi: 10.1017/jpa.2018.92 .

Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database" . Retrieved 17 December 2021.

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[maas-chond-na-2019-1] 1 2 Terry A. Gates; Eric Gorscak; Peter J. Makovicky (2019). "New sharks and other chondrichthyans from the latest Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) of North America". Journal of Paleontology. 93 (3): 512–530. doi: 10.1017/jpa.2018.92 .

[1]

List of the Mesozoic life of South Dakota

Contents

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

V

W

Y

Z

References