List of types of systems theory

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This list of types of systems theory gives an overview of different types of systems theory, which are mentioned in scientific book titles or articles. [1] The following more than 40 types of systems theory are all explicitly named systems theory and represent a unique conceptual framework in a specific field of science.

Contents

Systems theory has been formalized since the 1950s, and a long set of specialized systems theories and cybernetics exist. In the beginnings, general systems theory was developed by Ludwig von Bertalanffy to overcome the over-specialisation of the modern times and as a worldview using holism. The systems theories nowadays are closer to the traditional specialisation than to holism, by interdependencies and mutual division by mutually-different specialists. [2]

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Complex adaptive system theory. Complex adaptive system theory.jpg
Complex adaptive system theory.

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See also

Closely related subjects

Systems related topics

Other systems listings

Related Research Articles

Systems theory is the transdisciplinary study of systems, i.e. cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or artificial. Every system has causal boundaries, is influenced by its context, defined by its structure, function and role, and expressed through its relations with other systems. A system is "more than the sum of its parts" by expressing synergy or emergent behavior.

Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic in which the truth value of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1. It is employed to handle the concept of partial truth, where the truth value may range between completely true and completely false. By contrast, in Boolean logic, the truth values of variables may only be the integer values 0 or 1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ludwig von Bertalanffy</span> Austrian biologist and systems theorist (1901–1972)

Karl Ludwig von Bertalanffy was an Austrian biologist known as one of the founders of general systems theory (GST). This is an interdisciplinary practice that describes systems with interacting components, applicable to biology, cybernetics and other fields. Bertalanffy proposed that the classical laws of thermodynamics might be applied to closed systems, but not necessarily to "open systems" such as living things. His mathematical model of an organism's growth over time, published in 1934, is still in use today.

Computational archaeology describes computer-based analytical methods for the study of long-term human behaviour and behavioural evolution. As with other sub-disciplines that have prefixed 'computational' to their name, the term is reserved for methods that could not realistically be performed without the aid of a computer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lotfi A. Zadeh</span> Azerbaijani electrical engineer and computer scientist (1921–2017)

Lotfi Aliasker Zadeh was a mathematician, computer scientist, electrical engineer, artificial intelligence researcher, and professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. Zadeh is best known for proposing fuzzy mathematics, consisting of several fuzzy-related concepts: fuzzy sets, fuzzy logic, fuzzy algorithms, fuzzy semantics, fuzzy languages, fuzzy control, fuzzy systems, fuzzy probabilities, fuzzy events, and fuzzy information. Zadeh was a founding member of the Eurasian Academy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Systems thinking</span> Examining complex systems as a whole

Systems thinking is a way of making sense of the complexity of the world by looking at it in terms of wholes and relationships rather than by splitting it down into its parts. It has been used as a way of exploring and developing effective action in complex contexts, enabling systems change. Systems thinking draws on and contributes to systems theory and the system sciences.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">W. Ross Ashby</span> English psychiatrist (1903–1972)

William Ross Ashby was an English psychiatrist and a pioneer in cybernetics, the study of the science of communications and automatic control systems in both machines and living things. His first name was not used: he was known as Ross Ashby.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Systems science</span> Study of the nature of systems

Systems Science, also referred to as systems research, or, simply, systems, is a transdisciplinary field that is concerned with understanding simple and complex systems in nature and society, for which leads to the advancements of formal, natural, social, and applied attributions throughout engineering, technology and science, itself.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dynamical systems theory</span> Area of mathematics used to describe the behavior of complex dynamical systems

Dynamical systems theory is an area of mathematics used to describe the behavior of complex dynamical systems, usually by employing differential equations or difference equations. When differential equations are employed, the theory is called continuous dynamical systems. From a physical point of view, continuous dynamical systems is a generalization of classical mechanics, a generalization where the equations of motion are postulated directly and are not constrained to be Euler–Lagrange equations of a least action principle. When difference equations are employed, the theory is called discrete dynamical systems. When the time variable runs over a set that is discrete over some intervals and continuous over other intervals or is any arbitrary time-set such as a Cantor set, one gets dynamic equations on time scales. Some situations may also be modeled by mixed operators, such as differential-difference equations.

A fuzzy concept is a kind of concept of which the boundaries of application can vary considerably according to context or conditions, instead of being fixed once and for all. This means the concept is vague in some way, lacking a fixed, precise meaning, without however being unclear or meaningless altogether. It has a definite meaning, which can be made more precise only through further elaboration and specification - including a closer definition of the context in which the concept is used. The study of the characteristics of fuzzy concepts and fuzzy language is called fuzzy semantics. The inverse of a "fuzzy concept" is a "crisp concept".

Systems philosophy is a discipline aimed at constructing a new philosophy by using systems concepts. The discipline was first described by Ervin Laszlo in his 1972 book Introduction to Systems Philosophy: Toward a New Paradigm of Contemporary Thought. It has been described as the "reorientation of thought and world view ensuing from the introduction of "systems" as a new scientific paradigm".

Equifinality is the principle that in open systems a given end state can be reached by many potential means. The term and concept is due to the German Hans Driesch, the developmental biologist, later applied by the Austrian Ludwig von Bertalanffy, the founder of general systems theory, and by William T. Powers, the founder of perceptual control theory. Driesch and von Bertalanffy prefer this term, in contrast to "goal", in describing complex systems' similar or convergent behavior. Powers simply emphasised the flexibility of response, since it emphasizes that the same end state may be achieved via many different paths or trajectories.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">System</span> Interrelated entities that form a whole

A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems sciences.

The International Federation for Systems Research(IFSR) is an international federation for global and local societies in the field of systems science. This federation is a non-profit, scientific and educational agency founded in 1980, and constituted of some thirty member organizations around the globe..

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George Klir</span> Czech-American computer scientist

George Jiří Klir was a Czech-American computer scientist and professor of systems sciences at Binghamton University in Binghamton, New York.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stuart Umpleby</span>

Stuart Anspach Umpleby is an American cybernetician and professor in the Department of Management and Director of the Research Program in Social and Organizational Learning in the School of Business at the George Washington University.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cybernetics</span> Transdisciplinary field concerned with regulatory and purposive systems

Cybernetics is a field of systems theory that studies circular causal systems whose outputs are also inputs, such as feedback systems. It is concerned with the general principles of circular causal processes, including in ecological, technological, biological, cognitive and social systems and also in the context of practical activities such as designing, learning, and managing.

Yi Lin, also known as Jeffrey Forrest and Jeffrey Yi-Lin Forrest, is a professor of mathematics, systems science, economics, and finance at Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (SSHE) and at several major universities in China. Lin has been an active researcher in the field of systems science since mid-1980s and serves as the founder and president of the International Institute for General Systems Studies (IIGSS).

This is an incomplete list of selected academic publications by Milan Zeleny, sorted by different disciplines and research areas.

References

  1. ↑ There are many book titles named with "... systems: theory and applications". This leaves the term "systems: theory", which is not the same as a type of systems theory.
  2. ↑ Matjaž Mulej (2006), "Systems, Cybernetics and Innovations", in: Kybernetics, Vol 35 No. 7/8, pp. 939–940.
  3. ↑ Mihailo D. Mesarovic, Abstract Systems Theory, Springer 1989, 439 pages.
  4. ↑ Talcot Parsons, Social System.
  5. ↑ Donal E. Muir (1983), An Adaptive Systems Theory: Toward Reductionism, in: Sociological Inquiry 53 (4), pp. 435–448.
  6. ↑ John P. van Gigch, Applied General Systems Theory, Harpercollins College Div 1978, 602 pages.
  7. ↑ N. K. Bose, Applied Multidimensional System Theory, Van Nostrand Reinhold 1981, 411 pp.
  8. ↑ Flannery, K. V. (1968). Archaeological Systems Theory and Early Mesoamerica. In Anthropological Archaeology in the Americas, ed. by B. J. Meggers, pp. 67–87. Washington, Anthropological Society of Washington.
  9. ↑ Robert Selden Wyer, Associated Systems Theory: A Systematic Approach to Cognitive Representations of Persons, 1994, 248 p.
  10. ↑ Publications on Behavioral systems theory:
  11. ↑ Eberhart O. Voit, Applications of Biochemical Systems Theory, 2006.
  12. ↑ Publications on Biomatrix systems theory:
    • Dostal, Elisabeth (2005). Biomatrix: A Systems Approach to Organisational and Societal Change. South Africa.
    • Cloete, Anacreon (1999). The Biomatrix Model: The Development and Formalisation of a General Systems Model. South Africa.
  13. ↑ Publications on Complex adaptive systems theory:
  14. ↑ Publications on Complex systems theory, books:
    • 2005, Daniel J. Lacks, Dynamics of Team Member Replacements from Complex Systems Theory, in: Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory, Volume 10, Number 4.
    • 2002, Melanie Mitchell and Mark Newman, Complex Systems Theory and Evolution in: Encyclopedia of Evolution (M. Pagel, editor), New York: Oxford University Press.
    • 1996, Wayne Christensen, A complex systems theory of teleology, in: Biology and Philosophy, Volume 11, Number 3.
    Articles:
    • 1988, Stephan Wolfram, Complex Systems Theory, in: Emerging Syntheses in Science, David Pines (ed.), pp. 183–190.
    • 1973, W. Ross Ashby, Some Peculiarities of Complex Systems, in: Cybernetic Medicine, 9:2, pp. 1–6.
  15. ↑ Publications on Computer-aided systems theory:
    • Roberto Moreno-Díaz, Franz Pichler, Alexis Quesada Arencibia (Eds.), Computer Aided Systems Theory – EUROCAST 2005 10th International Conference on Computer Aided Systems Theory, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, February 7–11 (2005), 629 p.
    • Roberto Moreno-Díaz, Computer Aided Systems Theory—Eurocast 2003: 9th International Workshop on Computer Aided Systems Theory, Las Palmas De Gran Canaria, Spain, February 2003 Revised Selected Papers, Springer Verlag, – ISBN   978-3-540-20221-9
    • Roberto Moreno-Díaz, Bruno Buchberger, José-Luis Freire (Eds.), Computer Aided Systems Theory – Eurocast 2001: a Selection of Papers from the 8th International Workshop on Computer Aided Systems Theory, Springer verlag (2002), 670 p.
    • Franz Pichler, Roberto Moreno-Diaz & Peter Kopacek (Editors), Computer Aided Systems Theory – EUROCAST'99, a Selection of Papers from the 7th International Workshop on Computer Aided Systems Theory Vienna, Austria 1999, Springer (2000), 600 p.
    • Heinz Schwartzel, Cast Methods in Modelling: Computer Aided Systems Theory for the Design of Intelligent Machines (1992), 376 p.
    • F. Pichler, CAST: computer aided system theory. Perspectives for research, development and education, in: Systems Analysis Modelling Simulation archive, Vol. 7, nr. 4 (1990), pp. 251–266 (1990) ISSN   0232-9298
    • Franz R. Pichler, Roberto Moreno-Díaz, Computer Aided Systems Theory – Eurocast '89: a selection of papers from the International Workshop EUROCAST '89, Las Palmas, Spain, February 26 – March 4, 1989 (1990), 434 p.
  16. ↑ Publications on Conceptual Systems Theory:
    • Wayne Paul Moellenberg, Prediction of Reactions to Teacher Negotiations from Conceptual Systems Theory. 1966.
    • Daniel William Stuempfig. Conceptual Systems and personal-impersonal feedback. 1969.
    • Alan Joel Miller, Conceptual Systems Theory: A Critical Review, 1978.
    • Barbara Jean Erskine, Conceptual Systems Theory a Case Study of a Typological Personality Theory. 1985.
  17. ↑ Publications on Control systems theory:
    • Eric Rogers, Krzysztof Galkowski, Professor David H Owens, Control Systems Theory and Applications for Linear Repetitive Processes, 2007.
    • Francoise Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue, Antonio Loria, Elena Panteley, Advanced Topics in Control Systems Theory: Lecture Notes From Fap 2004, 2005, 280 pp.
    • Sergey Edward Lyshevski, Control Systems Theory with Engineering Applications, 2001, 416 pp.
    • Stanley M. Shinners, Advanced Modern Control System Theory and Design, 1998, 624 pp.
    • Eduardo Sontag, Mathematical Control Theory: Deterministic Finite Dimensional Systems. (1998). Second Edition. Springer. ISBN   0-387-98489-5
    • Theodore F. Bogart, Laplace Transforms and Control Systems Theory for Technology: Including Microprocessor-based..., 1982, 541 pp.
    • Olle Ingemar Elgerd, Control Systems Theory, 1967, 660 pp.
    • Lloyd M. Benningfield & Gladwyn Vaile Lago, Control System Theory: Feedback Engineering, 1962.
  18. ↑ Publications on Critical systems theory:
  19. ↑ Publications on Cultural Agency Theory
    • Yolles, M.I, Fink, G. (2015a). Personality, pathology and mindsets: part 1 – Agency, Personality and Mindscapes, Kybernetes, 43(1) 92-112
    • Yolles, M.I, Fink, G. (2015b). Personality, pathology and mindsets: part 2 – Cultural Traits and Enantiomers, Kybernetes, 43(1) 113-134
    • Yolles, M.I, Fink, G. (2015c). Personality, pathology and mindsets: part 3 –Pathologies and Corruption, Kybernetes, 43(1) 135-143
    • Fink, G., & Yolles, M. (2015). Collective emotion regulation in an organisation–a plural agency with cognition and affect. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 28(5), 832-871.
  20. ↑ Books on Developmental systems theory:
    • S. Oyama, P.E. Griffiths, R.D. Gray, eds. (2001). Cycles of Contingency: Developmental Systems and Evolution. Cambridge.
    • Donald Herbert Ford and Richard Martin Lerner (1992), Developmental Systems Theory: An Integrative Approach. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
    • S. Oyama (1985). The Ontogeny of Information: Developmental Systems and Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    Articles on Developmental systems theory: Also see:
  21. ↑ Peter Stavroulakis, Distributed Parameter Systems Theory, 1983
  22. ↑ Publications on Dynamical systems theory:
    • Anthony N. Michel, Kaining Wang & Bo Hu, Qualitative Theory of Dynamical Systems: The Role of Stability Preserving Mappings (2001), 732 p.
    • Ralph H. Abraham, A Visual Introduction to Dynamical Systems Theory for Psychology, 1990.
    • Otomar Hájek, Dynamical Systems in the Plane, 1968.
  23. ↑ Publications on Ecological systems theory:
  24. ↑ Claes-Henric Siven, Bengt-Christer Ysander, Anti-Equilibrium, On Economic Systems Theory and the Tasks of Research by Janos Kornai, in: The Swedish Journal of Economics, Vol. 75, No. 3 (Sep., 1973), pp. 315–319.
  25. ↑ Olle Ingemar Elgerd, Electric Energy Systems Theory: An Introduction, 1971.
  26. ↑ Publications on Family systems theory:
    • Mpyana Fulgence Nyengele, African Women's Theology, Gender Relations, and Family Systems Theory, 2004.
    • Peter Titelman, Emotional Cutoff: Bowen Family Systems Theory Perspectives, 2003, 499 pp.
    • Peter Titelman, Clinical Applications of Bowen Family Systems Theory, 1998, 423 pp.
    • Paul C. Rosenblatt, Metaphors of Family Systems Theory: Toward New Constructions, 1994, 239 pp.
    • Carlfred Bartholomew Broderick, Understanding Family Process: Basics of Family Systems Theory, 1993.
    • Daniel V. Papero, Bowen Family Systems Theory, 1989.
    • Sally R. Miller & Patricia Winstead, Family Systems Theory in Nursing Practice, 1982, 176 pp.
    • Murray Bowen, Family treatment in clinical practice. New York: Jason Aronson, 1978.
    • Barbara S. McCrady, Marriage and Marital Therapy: Psychoanalytic, Behavioral, and Systems Theory Perspectives, 1978, 331 pp.
  27. ↑ Publications on Fuzzy systems theory:
    • 1997, Shigeo Abe, Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems: Theory and Applications, 1997, 258 p.
    • 1996, Lotfi Asker Zadeh, George Jiří Klir, Bo Yuan, Fuzzy Sets, Fuzzy Logic, and Fuzzy Systems: Selected Papers 1996
    • 1982, Lotfi Asker Zadeh, Fuzzy Systems Theory: Framework for Analysis of Buerocratic Systems, in: Sys. Meth. in Social Science Res., R.E. Cavallo (ed.), pp. 25–41.
  28. ↑ Books on General systems theory:
    • 1999, Yi Lin, General Systems Theory: A Mathematical Approach, 382 pp.
    • 1996, Lars Skyttner, General Systems Theory: An Introduction.
    • 1978, Arlene M. Putt, General Systems Theory Applied to Nursing.
    • 1975, Mihajlo D. Mesarovic & Yasuhiko Takaraha, General Systems Theory: Mathematical Foundations.
    • 1974, Mihajlo D. Mesarovic, Views on General Systems Theory: Proceedings, 268 pp.
    • 1972, Ludwig von Bertalanffy, The Relevance of General Systems Theory.
    • 1972, George Jiří Klir, Trends in General Systems Theory, 462 pp.
    • 1969, Ludwig von Bertalanffy, General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications.
    • 1969, Frederick Jonathan Duhl, Nicholas Daniel Rizzo, William Gray, General Systems Theory and Psychiatry.
    • 1969, George Jiří Klir, Approach to General Systems Theory.
    • 1967, Helen MacGill Hughes & Roy Richard Grinker, Toward a Unified Theory of Human Behavior: An Introduction to General Systems Theory, 390 pp. Roy R. Grinker, Sr.
    • 1956, Anatol Rapoport, General Systems: Yearbook of the Society for the Advancement of General Systems Theory.
    Articles:
    • 1978, George Jiří Klir, General Systems Research Movement, in: Sys. Models for Decision Modeling, N. Sharif et al. (ed.), pp. 25–70.
    • 1978, Brian R. Gaines, Progress in General Systems Research, in: Applied General Systems Research, George Jiří Klir (ed.), Plenum, New York, pp. 3–28.
    • 1979, Brian R. Gaines, General Systems Research: Quo Vadis?, in: General Systems Yearbook, Vol. 24, pp. 1–9.
    • 1978, Mario Bunge, General Systems Theory Challenge to Classical Philosophy of Science, in: Int. J. Gen. Sys., Vol 4.
    • 1970, George Jiří Klir, On the Relation Between Cybernetics and General Systems Theory, in: Progress in Cybernetics, Vol 1, J. Rose (ed), pp. 155–165.
    • 1962, Anatol Rapoport, Mathematical Aspects of General Systems Theory, in: General Systems Yearbook, Vol. 11, pp. 3–11.
    • 1962, Ludwig von Bertalanffy, General Systems Theory – A Critical Review, in: General Systems Yearbook, Vol 7, pp. 1–20.
    • 1958, W. Ross Ashby, General Systems Theory as a New Discipline, in: General Systems Yearbook, Vol 3.
    • 1956, Kenneth Boulding, General Systems Theory – The Skeleton of Science, in: General Systems Yearbook, Vol. 1, pp. 11–17.
    • 1950, Ludwig von Bertalanffy, An Outline of General Systems Theory, in: British J. of Philosophy of Science, Vol 1, pp. 34–164.
  29. ↑ Jeffrey S. Stamps, Holonomy, a Human Systems Theory: A Human Systems Theory. 1980.
  30. ↑ Publications on Infinite dimensional systems theory:
    • Ruth F. Curtain & Hans J. Zwart, An Introduction to Infinite Dimensional Linear Systems Theory, 1995.
    • Ruth F. Curtain & Anthony J. Pritchard, Infinite Dimensional Linear Systems Theory, 1978, 297 pp.
  31. ↑ André Titli, Madan G. Singh, Large Scale Systems Theory and Applications: Proceedings of the IFAC Symposium, Toulouse, France ..., International Federation of Automatic Control, 1981, 640 pp.
  32. ↑ Robert L. Flood, Liberating Systems Theory (Contemporary Systems Thinking), Springer (1990), 272 p.
  33. ↑ Publications on Linear systems theory:
    • 2004. Ben M. Chen, Yacov A. Shamash, Zongli Lin, Linear Systems Theory: A Structural Decomposition Approach. 416 pp.
    • 1997. A. Terry Bahill, Ferenc Szidarovszky, Linear Systems Theory. 508 pp.
    • 1996. J. Rugh Wilson, Linear System Theory.
    • 1984. CT Chen, Linear System Theory and Design, Saunders College Publishing Philadelphia, PA, USA.
    • 1974. Robert Hermann, Linear Systems Theory and Introductory Algebraic Geometry, 282 pp.
    • 1960. Ernst A. Guillemin. Linear System Theory (Guillemin).
  34. ↑ Publications on Living systems theory:
    • Kenneth D. Bailey, Living systems theory and social entropy theory, in: Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 22 (2006). pp. 291–300.
    • G. A. Swanson, James Grier Miller, Measurement and Interpretation in Accounting: A Living Systems Theory Approach (1989), 235 p.
    • James Grier Miller, & J.L. Miller, The family as a system. in: C. K. Hoffling & J. M. Lewis (Eds.), The family: Evaluation and treatment New York: Brunner/Mazel (1980) pp. 141–184.
    • James Grier Miller, Living systems, New York: McGraw–Hill (1978), 1002 p.
    • James Grier Miller, A living systems analysis of a Canada/U.S. boundary region, 1986.
  35. ↑ Publications on LTI system theory:
    • Damir Z. Arov & Olof J. Staffans, State/signal linear time-invariant systems theory: passive discrete time systems, In: International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, volume 17, Issue 5–6 (2006), pp. 497–548.
    • Martin Schetzen, Linear Time-Invariant Systems, Wiley (2002), 372 p. ISBN   978-0-471-23145-5
  36. ↑ Y. S. Popkov, Macrosystems Theory and its Applications. Equilibrium Models (Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences), Springer-Verlag GmbH (1995), 323 p. ISBN   978-3-540-19955-7
  37. ↑ Publications on Mathematical systems theory:
    • Diederich Hinrichsen & Anthony J. Pritchard, Mathematical Systems Theory I, 2005, 804 pp.
    • David S. Gilliam & Joachim Rosenthal, Mathematical Systems Theory in Biology, Communications, Computation, and Finance, 2003, 504 pp.
    • Jan C. Willems & Jan Willem Polderman, Introduction to Mathematical Systems Theory: A Behavioral Approach, 1998, 424 pp.
  38. ↑ Colleen D. Celements, Medical Genetics Casebook: A Clinical Introduction to Medical Ethics Systems Theory, 1982.
  39. ↑ Thomas Albert Sebeok & Marcel Danesi, The Forms of Meaning: Modeling Systems Theory and Semiotic Analysis, 2000, 249 p.
  40. ↑ Publications on Modern control systems theory:
    • Stanley M. Shinners, Modern Control System Theory and Design, 1998, 744 pp.
    • Madan Gopal, Modern Control System Theory, 1993, 708 pp.
    • Cornelius Thomas Leondes, Modern Control Systems Theory, 1965, 486 pages.
  41. ↑ Walter Frederick Buckley, Sociology and Modern Systems Theory, 1967.
  42. ↑ Publications on Multidimensional systems theory:
    • Nirmal K. Bose, Multidimensional Systems Theory and Applications, 2003, 292 p.
    • Eva Zerz, Topics in Multidimensional Linear Systems Theory (2000), 164 p.
  43. ↑ George Adomian, Nonlinear Stochastic Systems Theory and Applications to Physics, 1989, 248 pages.
  44. ↑ Edward Grady Coffman & Peter J. Denning, Operating Systems Theory, 1973.
  45. ↑ Publications on Open systems theory:
    • 1966, Martin Kling (1966), General Open Systems Theory and the Substrata-Factor Theory of Reading, International Reading Association, Newark, DE, 45 pp.
    • 1971, Vicki Kessel & Oscar G. Mink (1971), The Application of Open Systems Theory and Organization Development to Higher Education: A Position, National Laboratory for Higher Education. Durham, North Carolina.
    • 1982, Charles R. Franz & Fred Luthans, General Contingency Theory of Organizations: An Alternative to Open Systems Theory., Interim rept. Nebraska Univ Lincoln Dept of Management, Aug 1982.
    • 1989, Marcia Wright Kassner, "Open Systems Theory and Women′s Progress in Academe", in: Journal of Organizational Change Management Vol 2, Nr 2.
    • 2000, M. Emery, "The Current Version of Emery's Open Systems Theory", in: Systemic Practice and Action Research, Springer, Vol 13, Nr 5, Oct 2000, pp. 623–643.
    • 2004, Michael N. Bastedo (2004), "Open Systems Theory", Entry in: "The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Leadership and Administration".
    • 2004, John W. Selsky & John Barton, "Sources and Legacies of Emery's Open Systems Theory: An Introduction to the Special Issue", in: Systemic Practice and Action Research, Vol 13, Nr 5 (Oct 2000), pp. 615–622.
  46. ↑ Publications on Physical systems theory:
    • Sushil, Physical system theory: fundamentals, recent developments and relationships with system dynamics, in: Kybernetes, Volume 31, Issue: 3/4 (2002), pp. 496–528.
    • Ernst Adolph Guillemin, Theory of Linear Physical Systems: Theory of physica; system from the viewpoint of classical dynamics, including Fourier meth., Wiley (1963), 586 p., ISBN   0-471-33070-1.
  47. ↑ Gerald J. Kowalski, Information Retrieval Systems: Theory and Implementation, 1997, 296 p.
    Brian Campbell Vickery, On Retrieval System Theory, 1965, 191 pp.
  48. ↑ Publications on Social systems theory:
    • Wolfgang Mayrhofer, Social Systems Theory as Theoretical Framework for Human Resource Management – Benediction or Curse?, in: Management Revue – The international Review of Management Studies, Rainer Hampp Verlag, Volume 15, Issue 2 (2004), pp. 178–191.
    • Kenneth C. Bausch, The Emerging Consensus in Social Systems Theory, 2001, 452 pp.
  49. ↑ Publications on Sociotechnical systems theory:
    • John E. Kelly, A Reappraisal of Sociotechnical Systems Theory, in: Human Relations, Vol. 31, No. 12, 1069–1099 (1978) doi : 10.1177/001872677803101204
    • Eric L. Trist & Ken W. Bamforth, Some social and psychological consequences of the longwall method of coal getting, in: Human Relations, Vol. 4, 3–38, 1951.
  50. ↑ Publications on Social rule system theory:
    • Tom R. Burns and Helena Flam (1987). The Shaping of Social Organization: Social Rule System Theory With Applications. London: Sage Publications.
    • Tom R. Burns and Dietz, T (1995). "Social Rule System Theory: Social Action, Institutional Arrangements, and Evolutionary Processes", in: J. Rogers Hollingsworth, Karl H. Müller, and Ellen Jane Hollingsworth (eds), Advancing Socioeconomics: An Institutionalist Perspective. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 109–46.
  51. ↑ John Edward Anderson, Transit Systems Theory, 1978, 340 p.
  52. ↑ P. Nick Kardulias, World-Systems Theory in Practice: Leadership, Production, and Exchange, American Anthropological Association Meeting, 1999, 326 pp.
Cawley states, that the student E. Dent studied forms of systems theory and came up with a set of concepts that he thought marked off systems theory approaches from earlier science. Dent identified eight concepts:
  • holism rather than analysis or reductionism,
  • relationships rather than entities,
  • interaction with environment as opposed to closed or isolated systems,
  • indeterminism as opposed to predictability,
  • circular causal loops rather than linear causality,
  • self-organization, observation as part of or directly related to systems, and
  • reflexivity or interaction between a system and what is known about it.
Witherspoon states, that "the rise of abstract art and the development of various systems theories have an important parallel. Abstract art goes beyond the recognition of entity or image and focuses attention on interaction and interrelatedness, striving to uncover and reveal holistic essences. Systems theories have tried to get us beyond linear cause and effect notions and tried to get us to think of phenomena in terms of interaction and interrelationship. It is interesting and significant that abstract art and quantum theory arose at about the same time. Both of these developments preceded the application of various forms of systems theory to the social and biological sciences. Scientific insight and conceptualization have paralleled artistic imagination and aesthetic formulation."
Hakken speaks about various additive forms of systems theory in Western anthropology in the 1980s and 1990s: "dual", "tri", "quadra", etc. (e.g., "race and class" or "gender, race, and class" or "sexual orientation, gender, race, and class").
As forms of systems theory, Berndtson mentions: general systems theory, cybernetics, systems analysis and functionalism.
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