Llawhaden

Last updated

Llawhaden
Parish Church, Llawhaden, west end - geograph.org.uk - 793651.jpg
St Aidan's church
Pembrokeshire UK location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Llawhaden
Location within Pembrokeshire
Population688 (2011) [1]
OS grid reference SN072175
Community
  • Llawhaden
Principal area
Country Wales
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town Narberth
Postcode district SA67 8
Dialling code 01437
Police Dyfed-Powys
Fire Mid and West Wales
Ambulance Welsh
UK Parliament
Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament
List of places
UK
Wales
Pembrokeshire
51°49′12″N4°47′53″W / 51.82°N 4.798°W / 51.82; -4.798 Coordinates: 51°49′12″N4°47′53″W / 51.82°N 4.798°W / 51.82; -4.798

Llawhaden (Welsh : Llanhuadain) is a village, parish and community in the Hundred of Dungleddy (Welsh : Daugleddyf), Pembrokeshire, West Wales. The community of Llawhaden includes the parish of Robeston Wathen, part of Narberth and the hamlet of Gelli, and had a population of 634 in 2001, increasing to 688 at the 2011 Census.

Contents

Name

The name Llawhaden is an anglicised version of the Welsh form Llanhuadain, and probably means "(monastic) enclosure of St Aidan". [2]

Description

Llawhaden village Llawhaden village - geograph.org.uk - 1019906.jpg
Llawhaden village

The village is in the form of a large medieval planned settlement, although most of the land lots laid out along the main street are now vacant. At the end of the main street, spectacularly overlooking the Cleddau valley, is a substantial castle, Llawhaden Castle. The parish church of St Aidan (of Ferns, a disciple of Saint David) is situated below the village beside the river, at 51°49′21″N4°47′40″W / 51.8226°N 4.7944°W / 51.8226; -4.7944 .

History

Llawhaden and its larger hinterland (between the Syfynwy/Deepford Brook and Eastern Cleddau) was the property of the Bishops of St David's in the later years of Deheubarth's existence. The Norman Conquest of Deheubarth left the rights of the Bishops largely unchallenged, creating an effectively independent state under the Bishop's control (since Deheubarth no longer existed around it). In 1115, after Bishop Bernard accepted the King's suzerainty over the land, King Henry I issued a charter formally acknowledging the lands of St. David's as a Marcher Lordship - Dewisland - of which the area around Llawhaden formed a detached part. [3]

As Marcher Lords, the Bishops of St. Davids had judicial powers over all offences (except high treason), could levy tax, issue charters, raise armies, and start wars. [3] Bernard built a castle at Llawhaden to protect the Llawhaden portion of his land, and the village grew up around it. As the chief seat of the detached part of Dewisland, he granted the settlement at Llawhaden the status of a burgh. As the lands north of the Preseli Hills were less fertile, and hence less hospitable, than those to the south, successive Bishops came to base their administration at Llawhaden; [3] by the 13th century the exchequer, chancery and court of Dewisland had moved here. [4] Though part of Dewisland, and ruled by the same person - the Bishop of St. Davids - the detached nature of Llawhaden and its hinterland lead to it being sometimes called the Lordship of Llawhaden, as if it were a distinct Marcher Lordship.

King Henry VIII's 1535 Laws in Wales Acts abolished the powers of Marcher Lordships; [3] Dewisland (including Llawhaden) was merged by the Act with the adjacent Lordship of Pembroke, to form Pembrokeshire. The detached Llawhaden portion of Dewisland became a mere barony, and Llawhaden burgh ceased to have any administrative importance. George Owen, in 1603, described Llawhaden as one of nine Pembrokeshire "boroughs in decay". [5] (note that here, borough means burgh; the term borough only took its modern meaning - Municipal borough - in the 19th century).

The settlement at Llawhaden expanded slightly across the Eastern Cleddau river, and provided the nearest church for lands to the east - part of Gwarthaf (part of Carmarthenshire); hence the parish straddled both sides of the river. Though the Llawhaden part of Dewisland was English speaking, like Dungleddy to its west, Gwarthaf (and most of the rest of Carmarthenshire) was Welsh speaking; the bilingualism was noted by George Owen's 1603 description, who regarded Llawhaden as one of six parishes which were "bilingual". [6] The Eastern Cleddau formed the linguistic boundary, which has been fairly stable since Norman times, although, perhaps in the early Industrial Revolution when people moved to seek work, Welsh-speakers started emerging in the area around Gelli woollen mill.

Llawhaden Bridge, to the east of the village, spans the Eastern Cleddau and is a Grade II* listed structure built in the mid-18th century. [7] There are a number of other listed structures in the parish. [8]

Notable people

Admiral Sir Thomas Foley was born in the parish in 1757.

Parish

Llawhaden [9] was a civil parish with an area of 4,609 acres (1,865 ha).

The parish includes the hamlet of Gelli.

Demographics

The civil parish had population as follows: [10]

Date1801183118611891192119511981
Population371657647547458402336

Related Research Articles

St Davids Cathedral city in Pembrokeshire, Wales

St Davids or St David's is a city and a community with a cathedral in Pembrokeshire, Wales, lying on the River Alun. It is the resting place of Saint David, Wales's patron saint, and named after him. St Davids is the United Kingdom's smallest city in population and urban area. St Davids was given city status in the 12th century. This does not derive automatically from criteria, but in England and Wales it was traditionally given to cathedral towns under a practice laid down in the early 1540s, when Henry VIII founded dioceses. City status was withdrawn in 1886. It was restored in 1994 at the request of Queen Elizabeth II.

Wiston Castle

Wiston Castle is a motte and bailey castle in the Pembrokeshire village of Wiston in south west Wales and is one of the best examples of its type in Wales. The castle and village were founded by Wizo, a Flemish settler who was granted the land by Henry I of England after he had wrested control from the previous owner, Arnulf de Montgomery. The castle was captured by the Welsh on several occasions but on each occasion it was retaken. It was abandoned during the thirteenth century when the then owner moved to nearby Picton Castle.

Llawhaden Castle

Llawhaden Castle grid reference SN 073175 is a ruined castle in Llawhaden, Pembrokeshire, Wales, 10 miles (16 km) east of Haverfordwest. A motte-and-bailey castle is thought to have previously occupied the site and the present structure was built by the bishops of the Diocese of St David in the 13th century. The castle was abandoned in the 16th century and some of the stone was removed for local building projects. The site is privately owned by the Lord of the Manor of Llawhaden and managed by Cadw.

River Cleddau River in Wales

The River Cleddau consists of the Eastern and Western Cleddau rivers in Pembrokeshire, west Wales. They unite to form the Daugleddau estuary and the important harbour of Milford Haven.

Kingdom of Dyfed Early medieval Welsh kingdom

The Kingdom of Dyfed, one of several Welsh petty kingdoms that emerged in 5th-century sub-Roman Britain in southwest Wales, was based on the former territory of the Demetae. The Normans invaded Wales, and by 1138 incorporated Dyfed into a new shire called Pembrokeshire after the Norman castle built in the Cantref of Penfro and under the rule of the Marcher Earl of Pembroke.

Cemais (Dyfed)

Cemais was an ancient cantref of the Kingdom of Dyfed, from the 11th century a Norman Marcher Lordship, from the 16th century a Hundred, and is now part of Pembrokeshire, Wales. It occupied the coastal area between the Teifi estuary and Fishguard, and the northern and southern slopes of the Preseli Hills, covering an area of approximately 140 square miles (360 km2). The Afon Nyfer divided it into two commotes: Cemais Is Nyfer to the north and Cemais Uwch Nyfer to the south.

Dewisland

The Hundred of Dewisland was a hundred in northwest Pembrokeshire, Wales. Formerly the pre-Norman cantref of Pebidiog, it included the city and the peninsula of St Davids. It was named after Dewi Sant, the Welsh name for Saint David.

Dungleddy

The Hundred of Dungleddy was a hundred in the centre of Pembrokeshire, Wales. It had its origins in the pre-Norman cantref of Deugleddyf. It derives its Welsh name from its position between the two branches of the River Cleddau (Cleddyf): the English form is a corruption of the Welsh. The area of the cantref was around 185 km2: it was the smallest of the seven cantrefi of Dyfed.

Emlyn

Emlyn was one of the seven cantrefi of Dyfed, an ancient district of Wales, which became part of Deheubarth in around 950. It consisted of the northern part of Dyfed bordering on the River Teifi. Its southern boundary followed the ridge of the line of hills separating the Teifi valley from the valleys of the Tâf and Tywi.

Cantref of Penfro

The Cantref of Penfro was one of the seven cantrefi of the Kingdom of Dyfed. It subsequently became part of Deheubarth in around 950. It consisted of the long peninsular part of Dyfed south of the Eastern Cleddau and the Daugleddau estuary, and bordered on its landward side by Cantref Gwarthaf. The name, meaning "land's end", derives from Pen and "fro". Its area was approximately 140 square miles (360 km2).

Cantref Gwarthaf (Dyfed)

Cantref Gwarthaf was the largest of the seven cantrefi of Dyfed in southwest Wales. It subsequently became part of Deheubarth in around 950. It consisted of the southeastern part of Dyfed containing most of the basin of the River Tâf, parts of modern-day Pembrokeshire and Carmarthenshire.

Crinow Human settlement in Wales

Crinow is a village and parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales, 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) east of Narberth. The parish is part of the community of Narberth.

Landsker Borderlands Trail

The Landsker Borderlands Trail is a waymarked long distance footpath in the United Kingdom running through Pembrokeshire and Carmarthenshire in West Wales. The route is circular.

Castlemorris Human settlement in Wales

Castlemorris is a small village in the parish and community of Mathry, Pembrokeshire, Wales, south of the Western Cleddau river, on the B4331 road between Mathry and Letterston. It has a population of roughly 150 people.

Martletwy Human settlement in Wales

Martletwy is a village, parish and community in the county of Pembrokeshire, Wales.

New Moat Human settlement in Wales

New Moat is a village, parish and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales. It extends from the southern edges of Mynydd Preseli to the Pembrokeshire-Carmarthenshire border.

Newport Castle, Pembrokeshire

Newport Castle is a castle located in Newport, Pembrokeshire, Wales. The earliest castle on the site was built in the 13th century, and the present structure was built in the 19th century and is a private residence.

Llandissilio Human settlement in Wales

Llandissilio is a village and parish in the community of Llandissilio West in east Pembrokeshire, Wales on the A478 road between Efailwen to the north and Clunderwen to the south. A largely ribbon development along the main road, the village is surrounded by farmland.

Granston Human settlement in Wales

Granston is a hamlet and parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales. The parish was in the Hundred of Dewisland and includes the settlements of Llangloffan and Tregwynt, with Tregwynt woollen mill. Granston is in the community of Pencaer.

Gelli, Pembrokeshire Human settlement in Wales

Gelli is a small settlement in the community and parish of Llawhaden, Pembrokeshire, Wales, at the confluence of the Syfynwy and Cleddau Ddu rivers. It is 3 miles (5 km) northwest of Narberth and 8 miles (13 km) east of Haverfordwest. The nearest railway station is at Clunderwen 2 miles (3 km) to the east. There was a woollen mill in Gelli that ceased production in 1938.

References

  1. ↑ "Community population 2011" . Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  2. ↑ Charles, B. G, The Placenames of Pembrokeshire, National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth, 1992, ISBN   0-907158-58-7, Vol II, p 420
  3. 1 2 3 4 Judgement in Crown Estate Commissioners v (1) Mark Andrew Tudor Roberts (2) Trelleck Estate Ltd: ChD (Mr Justice Lewison), 13 June 2008
  4. ↑ Brian Howells, Pembrokeshire County History, Volume 2, Haverfordwest, 2002, p. 148
  5. ↑ Owen, George, The Description of Pembrokeshire by George Owen of Henllys Lord of Kemes, Henry Owen (Ed), London, 1892
  6. ↑ Owen, George, The Description of Pembrokeshire Dillwyn Miles (Ed., Gomer Press, Llandysul 1994) ISBN   1-85902-120-4.
  7. ↑ "British Listed Buildings: Llawhaden Bridge and River Bank Wall, Llawhaden" . Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  8. ↑ "British Listed Buildings: Listed Buildings in Llawhaden, Pembrokeshire, Wales" . Retrieved 28 March 2016.
  9. ↑ Llawhaden on Genuki
  10. ↑ OPCS Reports
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.