Longleat Safari Park

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Longleat Safari Park
Good advice^ - geograph.org.uk - 256815.jpg
Longleat Safari Lions, with a warning sign
Wiltshire UK location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Longleat Safari Park
Red pog.svg  Longleat Safari Park shown within Wiltshire
TypeSafari park
Location Wiltshire
Nearest city Warminster
OS grid ST818434
Coordinates 51°11′24″N2°15′40″W / 51.19°N 2.261°W / 51.19; -2.261 Coordinates: 51°11′24″N2°15′40″W / 51.19°N 2.261°W / 51.19; -2.261
Area9,000 acres (36.42 km2)
Created1966
Visitors904,714(in 2018) [1]
Camp sitesYes
Website www.longleat.co.uk

Longleat Safari and Adventure Park in Wiltshire, England, was opened in 1966 as the first drive-through safari park outside Africa. [2] [3] [4] The park is situated in the grounds of Longleat House, an English stately home which is open to the public and is the home of the 7th Marquess of Bath. Longleat Safari Park and the concept of safari parks were the brainchild of Jimmy Chipperfield (19121990), former co-director of Chipperfield's Circus. [5]

Wiltshire County of England

Wiltshire is a county in South West England with an area of 3,485 km2. It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire. The county town was originally Wilton, after which the county is named, but Wiltshire Council is now based in the county town of Trowbridge.

Safari park

A safari park, sometimes known as a wildlife park, is a zoo-like commercial drive-in tourist attraction where visitors can drive their own vehicles or ride in vehicles provided by the facility to observe freely roaming animals. The main attractions are frequently large animals from Sub-Saharan Africa such as giraffes, lions, rhinocerotes, elephants, hippopotamus, zebras, ostriches, and antelope.

Longleat stately home in Wiltshire, England, UK

Longleat is an English stately home and the seat of the Marquesses of Bath. It is a leading and early example of the Elizabethan prodigy house. It is adjacent to the village of Horningsham and near the towns of Warminster and Westbury in Wiltshire and Frome in Somerset. It is noted for its Elizabethan country house, maze, landscaped parkland and safari park. The house is set in 1,000 acres (400 ha) of parkland landscaped by Capability Brown, with 4,000 acres (1,600 ha) of let farmland and 4,000 acres (1,600 ha) of woodland, which includes a Center Parcs holiday village. It was the first stately home to open to the public, and the Longleat estate includes the first safari park outside Africa.

Contents

Today, Longleat is home to over 500 animals, and the estate occupies 9,000 acres (36.42 km2) of Wiltshire countryside.

The Safari Park's reserves

Cameroon sheep domesticated breed of sheep

The Cameroon is a domesticated breed of sheep from west Africa but has been also exported to Europe. During the colonial era, German and French rulers exported West African Dwarf sheep (Djallonké) to France and Germany. These usually ended up in private collections and zoos. The animals selected for export to Europe were almost all of the black belly color type. The chestnut-colored drawing is not prevalent in the Djallonké, but only one of many. Today these sheeps are called Cameroon sheep or Cameroon Dwarf sheep in Europe. And incorrectly regarded as a separate breed. The International West African Dwarf Specialist Group of the African Ornamental Breeders Association (AOBA) considers what Europeans call the Cameroon sheep just a color type and not a separate breed.

African spurred tortoise species of reptile

The African spurred tortoise, also called the sulcata tortoise, is a species of tortoise, which inhabits the southern edge of the Sahara desert, in Africa. It is the third-largest species of tortoise in the world, the largest species of mainland tortoise, and the only extant species in the genus Centrochelys.

Guineafowl family of birds

Guineafowl are birds of the family Numididae in the order Galliformes. They are endemic to Africa and rank among the oldest of the gallinaceous birds. Phylogenetically, they branch off from the core Galliformes after the Cracidae and before the Odontophoridae. An Eocene fossil lineage, Telecrex, has been associated with guineafowl. Telecrex inhabited Mongolia, and may have given rise to the oldest of the true Phasianids such as Ithaginis and Crossoptilon, which evolved into high-altitude montane-adapted species with the rise of the Tibetan Plateau. While modern guineafowl species are endemic to Africa, the helmeted guineafowl has been introduced as a domesticated bird widely elsewhere.

Attractions

Longleat house and grounds

The Longleat home Longleat House, Wiltshire - geograph.org.uk - 59406.jpg
The Longleat home

Opened to the public in 1949, the ancestral home of the Marquess of Bath remains a popular attraction with visitors. Visitors can join one of the many regular house tours or simply walk about at their leisure. They may also explore the gardens surrounding the house and visit a number of cafés within the grounds. A separate ticket is sold for visitors who only wish to visit the house and gardens.

Marquess of Bath title in the Peerage of Great Britain

Marquess of Bath is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1789 for Thomas Thynne, Viscount Weymouth. The Marquess holds the subsidiary titles Baron Thynne, of Warminster in the County of Wiltshire , and Viscount Weymouth, both created in 1682 in the Peerage of England. He is also a baronet in the Baronetage of England.

Longleat railway

Longleat Railway no. 6 John Hayton in 2006 Longleat Railway - No.6 John Hayton climbing the bank - geograph.org.uk - 990869.jpg
Longleat Railway no. 6 John Hayton in 2006

Established in 1965 and expanded in 1976, this 15 in (381 mm) gauge ridable miniature railway is among the busiest in the country. It has a length of one and a quarter miles (2 km) through scenic woodland and along the edge of Half Mile Lake. The line has taken several different courses across the years, but the route along the lake has remained consistent. After opening the railway was originally run by outside company Minirail on a ten-year contract, which was not renewed due to disagreements between the two companies. Following this, Longleat took over running the railway in 1976. Many engines have run on the railway over the years, both steam and diesel; as of 2018 the railway owns three diesel locomotives. The railway also has 15 carriages, all built at Longleat between 1976 and 2013 and wearing mock British Railways crimson and cream livery, along with several permanent way wagons. Between 2011 and 2017 the railway was known as the Jungle Express, with the station and carriages given additional theming. [7] [8] [9]

Fifteen-inch gauge railway special type of rideable miniature railway

Fifteen-inch gauge railways were pioneered by Sir Arthur Percival Heywood who was interested in what he termed a minimum gauge railway for use as estate railways or to be easy to lay on, for instance, a battlefield. In 1874, he described the principle behind it as used for his Duffield Bank Railway, distinguishing it from a "Narrow Gauge" railway. Having previously built a small railway of 9 in gauge, he settled on 15 in gauge as the minimum that he felt was practical.

Track gauge spacing of the rails on a railway track

In rail transport, track gauge or track gage is the spacing of the rails on a railway track and is measured between the inner faces of the load-bearing rails.

Ridable miniature railway Wikimedia list article

A ridable miniature railway is a large scale, usually ground-level model railway that hauls passengers using locomotives that are models of full-sized railway locomotives.

Current locomotives

NumberName Wheel arrangement BuildersYear builtLiveryNotes
5Ceawlin 0-8-2   DH Severn Lamb 1975 GWR Green
  • Named after Lord Bath's son.
  • Steam outline locomotive, rebuilt in 1989.
  • Formerly LR no. 2
7Flynn 0-6-0   DM Alan Keef 2007Crimson
  • Named after Lord Bath's eldest grandson
  • Used on secondary duties
8John Thynn Bo-Bo Alan Keef 2018Crimson
  • Named after the eldest son of Lord and Lady Weymouth
  • Used on primary passenger duties

Former locomotives

NumberName Wheel arrangement BuildersYear builtLiveryNotes
1Lenka4+4wDH Severn Lamb 1973Maroon
3Dougal 0-6-2   T Severn Lamb 1970Crimson
4Lenka4+4wDHLongleat Railway1984BR Crimson & Cream
  • Only engine built by Longleat.
  • Railcar capable of carrying 12 passengers
  • Sold to private owner in 2017
6John Hayton 0-6-2   T Exmoor Steam Railway 2004Crimson

Animal areas

As well as the Safari Park, the estate has a number of areas for smaller animal enclosures. Beginning with Pets Corner in the 1970s and the butterfly house in the 1980s, the number of animal exhibits expanded greatly during the 2010s.

Jungle Kingdom

Originally known as Pets Corner, the revamped Jungle Kingdom opened in 2011. The centrepiece of this area is a large walk-through meerkat enclosure, the first of its kind in the UK. Two crested porcupines share part of this enclosure with the meerkats, which have free rein of the area. Across from this is an enclosure containing two Oriental small-clawed otters and two binturong. In the centre of Jungle Kingdom is a small enclosure for coati, which access their shelters via an overhead walkway. At the far end of the area is another shared enclosure containing Red-legged seriema, giant anteaters and Patagonian mara, and an enclosure containing aardvarks.

Meerkat species of small carnivoran in the mongoose family (Herpestidae)

The meerkat or suricate is a small carnivoran in the mongoose family. It is the only member of the genus Suricata. Meerkats live in all parts of the Kalahari Desert in Botswana, in much of the Namib Desert in Namibia and southwestern Angola, and in South Africa. A group of meerkats is called a "mob", "gang" or "clan". A meerkat clan often contains about 20 meerkats, but some super-families have 50 or more members. In captivity, meerkats have an average life span of 12–14 years, and about 6-7 years in the wild.

Crested porcupine species of mammal

The crested porcupine also known as the African crested porcupine, is a species of rodent in the family Hystricidae found in Italy, North Africa, and sub-Saharan Africa.

Rein item of horse tack, used to direct a horse or other animal used for riding or driving

Reins are items of horse tack, used to direct a horse or other animal used for riding. They are long straps that can be made of leather, nylon, metal, or other materials, and attach to a bridle via either its bit or its noseband.

Monkey Temple

Opened in 2012, [10] the centrepiece of this attraction is a large themed ruin with long rope walkways running across the paths, which allows visitors to safely interact with a variety of marmosets and tamarins. These include:

Marmoset

The marmosets, also known as zaris, are twenty-two New World monkey species of the genera Callithrix, Cebuella, Callibella and Mico. All four genera are part of the biological family Callitrichidae. The term marmoset is also used in reference to the Goeldi's marmoset, Callimico goeldii, which is closely related.

Tamarin genus of mammals

The tamarins are squirrel-sized New World monkeys from the family Callitrichidae in the genus Saguinus. They are the first offshoot in the Callitrichidae tree, and therefore are sister group of a clade formed by the lion tamarins, Goeldi's monkeys and marmosets.

Elsewhere in this area is an enclosure containing a family of red pandas. The breeding pair, named Ajendra and Rufina, have given birth to three cubs since 2015. [11] [12] [13] The area also contains a walk-through aviary of rainbow lorikeet where visitors can purchase pots of nectar to feed the birds.

Giant Otters and Crocodiles

Branching off from Monkey Temple, this attraction opened in 2019. Previously the enclosure was home to a colony of captive-bred Humboldt penguins which were first displayed in 2013, however following several outbreaks of avian malaria in September 2016 [14] and December 2018 [15] that resulted in the deaths of most of the colony, the decision was made to permanently close the attraction and relocate the surviving penguins. The enclosure currently houses Giant Otters and Cuban Crocodiles.

Animal Adventure

Animal Adventure rabbit Longleat003.jpeg
Animal Adventure rabbit

Containing many animals previously kept in Pets' Corner, this area opened in 2009 [16] and contains many exotic and familiar mammals, birds, reptiles and insects. There are small areas for striped skunk, North American porcupine, ferret, guinea pigs, cockatoos, Hermann's tortoises, pancake tortoise, spur-thighed tortoise, Nile monitor, iguanas, armadillos, zebra mice, rock hyraxes, and a fennec fox. An undercover area houses a regular Parrot show, where keepers demonstrate the intelligence of the resident macaws. Next door is a walk-through butterfly house, home to a large variety of the species, which replaced an older butterfly house built in the 1980s. Inside the main building is the Animal Handling Hall, where visitors can get a chance to hold a variety of creatures such as a Chilean rose tarantula or a corn snake, or even get up close to a selection of reptiles.

Jungle Cruise

The Jungle Cruise (known as the Safari Boat until 2011) is a short trip around Half Mile Lake. The journey takes visitors past the Island, which was a former home to the elderly male western lowland gorilla Nico, the oldest gorilla in Europe, until his death aged 56 on 7 January 2018 and is now home to Black-and-white colobus monkeys. [17] At the far end of the lake is the shallow Pelican Cove containing Eastern white pelicans and Gorilla Colony, an enclosure for five male western lowland gorillas. The lake is also home to two Common hippopotamus and a group of Californian sea lions and visitors may purchase food for the latter, which are commonly seen following the boats. In the queue line while waiting for the boats there is a enclosure which is home to 2 male Red pandas.

Bat Cave

This indoor attraction is home to a colony of male Egyptian fruit bats. It is housed in a stable block which contains several other attractions, and was once the site of a Doctor Who exhibition which ran from 1974 to 2003. It is also home to Cave Fish, Kinkajou and many more.

Family Farmyard

Opened in the summer 2017. Family Farmyard is now home to Donkeys, Jacob's sheep, Emus, chickens, rabbits, goats, Indian runner ducks, reindeer, Red-necked wallabies and many more.

Koala Creek

Opened in Spring 2019, the exhibit features four koalas, a pair of Southern hairy-nosed wombats as well as a group of Potoroos . Longleat is now the European hub for the newly-created International Koala Centre of Excellence (IKCE) and is the only place in Europe where Southern Koalas can be seen.

Other attractions

Longleat Hedge Maze - This attraction was opened in 1975. It is one of several mazes within Longleat, and with over 16,000 yew trees making it up it is among the largest of its kind in the UK.

Adventure Castle - A large adventure playground that opened in 1989. It is themed around a medieval castle, with slides, roundabouts, swings, rope climbs, an aerial walkway, a water-based "splash pad" and an indoor soft play area. In 2013 a section of it was fenced off to contain a new Deadly 60 themed interactive maze attraction, Deadly Challenge, which closed in 2016.

King Arthur's Mirror Maze - Built into the same stable block as the Bat Cave, this indoor maze challenges visitors to find King Arthur's crown and the sword Excalibur, while navigating a confusing hall of mirrors.

Family Bygones - A collection of vintage items owned by the Thynn family throughout the years, including a selection of wild game.

Rockin' Rhino - Opened in 2014, this motion ride travels through various amusing tableaus of animals, narrated by Rocky the Rhino and Leroy the Lion as they race each other to the finish.

Little Explorers Garden - Opened in 2016, this colourful outdoor playground is designed for the park's younger visitors. Replaced the Postman Pat Village.

In the media

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References

  1. "ALVA - Association of Leading Visitor Attractions". www.alva.org.uk. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
  2. Mary Chipperfield (1972). Lions on the Lawn. HarperCollins Publishers Limited. ISBN   978-0-00-613025-3.
  3. The lions and loins of Longleat The Sunday Times Retrieved 18 February 2011
  4. Vines, Gail (2 December 1982). "Safari Parks, after the Honeymoon". New Scientist . Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  5. Samson, Ian (15 May 2010). "Great dynasties of the world: The Chipperfields". The Guardian. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
  6. "Longleat Safari Park". britishzoos.co.uk. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
  7. "Longleat Railway". longleat.co.uk. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
  8. "Jungle Express (Longleat)". Miniature Railway World. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  9. Profile: Longleat Railway Miniature Railway Magazine Retrieved 26 August 2016
  10. Monkey Temple Themed Structures, inc. Retrieved 17 February 2017
  11. Red Panda Longleat Retrieved 17 February 2017
  12. First as rare red panda cub born at Longleat Longleat Retrieved 17 February 2017
  13. Twin Births a Double Delight for Endangered Red Pandas Longleat Retrieved 17 February 2017
  14. Longleat Safari Park penguins die in malaria outbreak BBC News Retrieved 17 February 2017
  15. Longleat shuts penguin enclosure after new malaria deaths BBC News Retrieved 17 September 2019
  16. Longleat's new Animal Adventure opens Leisure Management Retrieved 17 February 2017
  17. Longleat Safari Park western lowland gorilla marks '50th birthday BBC News Retrieved 17 February 2017
  18. "The Lions of Longleat - BBC One London - 12 November 1967". BBC Genome . Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  19. "Lion Country - BBC One London - 16 February 1998". BBC Genome.

See also