Lulworthiaceae

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Lulworthiaceae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Phylum:
Ascomycota
Class:
Sordariomycetes
Order:
Lulworthiales
Family:
Lulworthiaceae

Kohlm.
Type genus
Lulworthia
G.K. Sutherl.

The Lulworthiaceae are a family of marine fungi in the Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes. [1] Species in the family have a widespread distribution in both temperate and tropical oceans, and are typically found growing on submerged wood or on seaweed. [2] In 2000, Molecular analysis of several species of Lulworthia and Lindra led to the reassignment of their parent genera to the new order Lulworthiales in addition to the new family Lulworthiaceae. [3] In 2020, a large fungi study added more genera to the family. [4]

Contents

History and taxonomy

The type genus Lulworthia was originally described in 1916 by George Kenneth Sutherland to contain the species Lulworthia fucicola, a fungus found on the seaweed commonly known as the bladder wrack at Lulworth on the coast of Dorset, UK. [5] The fungus has since been collected several times from submerged wood, but never again from the original algal host; it was subsequently reported that specimens found on wood were morphologically different from those originally described growing on algae. [6] Since the original specimens had deteriorated beyond use, a holotype was designated, using submerged-wood specimens found in Chile in 1984. [7]

The genus Rostrupiella was created in 2007 to contain the species Rostrupiella danica, a Lulworthia-like species collected on driftwood found along the Danish coast and from the northwestern coast of the US. [8]

Lulworthia fucicola was originally found on the algae Fucus vesiculosus Fucus vesiculosus Wales.jpg
Lulworthia fucicola was originally found on the algae Fucus vesiculosus

Genera

As accepted by Wijayawardene et al. 2020 (with amount of species per genus); [4]

Description

The ascomata, roughly spherical to cylindrical in shape, may be either embedded in or on the material to which the fruit body is attached. Atop the ascomata is a small rounded process with an opening (an ostiole) through which ascospores may be released. The brown- to black-colored ascomata can be either leathery (coriaceous) or dark-colored and readily broken (carbonaceous). The internal structure of the ascomata, the centrum, is at first filled with a transparent pseudoparenchyma (a type of tissue made of hyphae that are twisted and matted together) dissolves upon reaching maturity. The Lulworthiaceae have ascospores that are both filamentous, and transparent. [3]

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<i>Annulatascus</i> Genus of fungi

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The Aliquandostipitaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Dothideomycetes. The family was described by Patrik Inderbitzin in 2001, and the order Jahnulales was created in 2002 to accommodate the family. The distinguishing characteristic for members of the family are the unusually wide hyphae that support the spore-bearing structures, and the presence of ascomata both with and without stalks. The genus Aliquandostipe has a pantropical distribution, having been found in Central America and southeast Asia; Jahnula has a wider distribution. Species in the family are saprobic, and are typically found growing on rotting wood.

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Lulworthiomycetidae is a subclass of Sordariomycetes.

Savoryellaceae is a family of aquatic based fungi. It is the only family in the monotypic order Savoryellales within the class Sordariomycetes, division Ascomycota.

Savoryella is a genus of freshwater and marine based fungi in the family Savoryellaceae and the order Savoryellales.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Torpedosporales</span> Order of fungi

The Torpedosporales are an order of marine based fungi in the class Sordariomycetes, subclass Hypocreomycetidae. Most are found on wood substrates in the water.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juncigenaceae</span> Family of fungi

Juncigenaceae is a family of ascomycetous marine based fungi within the order of Torpedosporales in the subclass Hypocreomycetidae and within the class Sordariomycetes. They are saprobic to intertidal wood, within mangrove forests and other herbaceous wood and roots, bark, leaves in various marine habitats.

Torpedosporaceae is a monotypic family of ascomycetous marine based fungi within the order of Torpedosporales in the subclass Hypocreomycetidae and within the class Sordariomycetes. They are saprobic on intertidal mangrove wood and roots, bark leaves, and sand in various marine habitats.

References

  1. ↑ Lumbsch TH, Huhndorf SM (December 2007). "Outline of Ascomycota – 2007". Myconet. Chicago, US: The Field Museum, Department of Botany. 13: 1–58. Archived from the original on 18 March 2009.
  2. ↑ Cannon PF, Kirk PM (2007). Fungal Families of the World. Wallingford: CABI. pp. 194–95. ISBN   978-0-85199-827-5.
  3. 1 2 Kohlmeyer J, Spatafora JW, Volkmann-Kohlmeyer B (2000). "Lulworthiales, a new order of marine Ascomycota". Mycologia. 92 (3): 453–58. doi:10.2307/3761504. JSTOR   3761504.
  4. 1 2 Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi: 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8 . hdl: 10481/61998 .
  5. ↑ Sutherland GK. (1916). "Additional notes on marine pyrenomycetes". Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 5: 257–63. doi:10.1016/S0007-1536(14)80029-6.
  6. ↑ Kholmeyer J, Volkmann-Kohlmeyer B (2000). "Illustrated key to the filamentous higher marine fungi". Botanica Marina. 34: 1–61. doi:10.1515/botm.1991.34.1.1. S2CID   83745842.
  7. ↑ Campbell J. (2005). "Neotypification of Lulworthia fucicola". Mycologia. 97 (2): 549–51. doi:10.3852/mycologia.97.2.549. PMID   16396361.
  8. ↑ Koch J, Pang KL, Jones EB (2007). "Rostrupiella danica gen. et sp nov., a Lulworthia-like marine lignicolous species from Denmark and the USA". Botanica Marina. 50 (5–6): 294–301. doi:10.1515/BOT.2007.034. S2CID   86133897.
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