Malus orientalis

Malus orientalis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Rosales
Family:	Rosaceae
Genus:	Malus
Species:	M. orientalis
Binomial name
Malus orientalis Uglitzk. [1]
Synonyms [2]
List Malus montanaUglitzk. Malus montana var. acuminataBotsch. Malus montana var. diversifoliaBotsch. Malus orientalis var. brevipedunculataBotsch. Malus orientalis f. lanataBotsch. Malus orientalis var. lanceolataBotsch. Malus orientalis var. montana(Uglitzk.) Langenf. Malus orientalis subsp. montana(Uglitzk.) Likhonos Malus orientalis var. subalpinaPonomar. Malus sylvestris subsp. orientalis(Uglitzk.) Soó Pyrus paradisiiM.F.Fay & Christenh. Pyrus sapientiaeM.F.Fay & Christenh.

Malus orientalis, the eastern crabapple or Caucasus apple, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is found in Bulgaria, Turkey (including East Thrace), the Caucasus region, Iran, and Afghanistan. ^[2]

With its relatively large yellow fruit, it has been consumed by people for millennia, with a string of halved, dried fruit being found in a royal tomb at Ur.^{[ citation needed ]} Drying the fruit and then rehydrating by boiling cuts the tartness. Malus orientalis contributed to the gene pool of domesticated apples, along with M. sieversii and M. sylvestris . ^{[3] [4] [5]}

References

1. Trudy Sev.-Kavk. Inst. Spets. Tekh. Kult. 1(3): 18 (1932)
2. "Malus orientalis Uglitzk". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 17 May 2025.
3. Spengler, Robert Nicholas (2019). "Origins of the Apple: The Role of Megafaunal Mutualism in the Domestication of Malus and Rosaceous Trees". Frontiers in Plant Science. 10: 617. Bibcode:2019FrPS...10..617S. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00617 . PMC   6545323 . PMID   31191563.
4. Cornille, Amandine; Giraud, Tatiana; Smulders, Marinus J.M.; Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel; Gladieux, Pierre (2014). "The domestication and evolutionary ecology of apples". Trends in Genetics. 30 (2): 57–65. doi:10.1016/j.tig.2013.10.002. PMID   24290193.
5. Li, Wei; Chu, Chong; Zhang, Taikui; Sun, Haochen; Wang, Shiyao; Liu, Zeyuan; Wang, Zijun; Li, Hui; Li, Yuqi; Zhang, Xingtan; Geng, Zhiqiang; Wang, Youqing; Li, Yi; Zhang, Hengtao; Fan, Weishu; Wang, Yi; Xu, Xuefeng; Cheng, Lailiang; Zhang, Dehui; Xiong, Yao; Li, Huixia; Zhou, Bowen; Guan, Qingmei; Deng, Cecilia H.; Han, Yongming; Ma, Hong; Han, Zhenhai (2025). "Pan-genome analysis reveals the evolution and diversity of Malus". Nature Genetics. 57 (5): 1274–1286. doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02166-6. PMC   12081284 . PMID   40240877.