Marty McFly

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Marty McFly
Back to the Future character
Michael J. Fox as Marty McFly in Back to the Future, 1985.jpg
Michael J. Fox as Marty McFly
First appearance Back to the Future (1985)
Created by Robert Zemeckis
Bob Gale
Portrayed by Michael J. Fox
Voiced by
In-universe information
Full nameMartin Seamus McFly
NicknameMarty
OccupationHigh school student
Family George McFly (father)
Lorraine Baines-McFly (mother)
Dave McFly (brother)
Linda McFly (sister)
Stella Baines (grandmother)
Sam Baines (grandfather)
Milton Baines (uncle)
Toby Baines (uncle)
Joey Baines (uncle)
Sally Baines (aunt)
Ellen Baines (aunt)
Biff Tannen (stepfather; alternate timeline)
SpouseJennifer Parker McFly
ChildrenMarty McFly Jr. (son)
Marlene McFly (daughter)
RelativesSeamus McFly (great-great grandfather)
Maggie McFly (great-great grandmother)
William McFly (great-grandfather)
Home Hill Valley, California
Nationality Irish American
Instruments
  • Vocals
  • Electric guitar
Associated acts
  • The Pinheads
  • Marvin Berry and the Starlighters
Pseudonyms
Time travel
Original time1985
Years visited1885, 1955, 1985 (alternate timeline), 2015

Martin Seamus "Marty" McFly is a fictional character and the protagonist of the Back to the Future franchise. He is a high school student who accidentally becomes a time traveler and alters history after his friend Emmett Brown invents a DeLorean time machine. He was created by Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale. In the film trilogy, he is portrayed by Canadian actor Michael J. Fox.

Contents

During the development of Back to the Future , Eric Stoltz was initially cast in the role, but was replaced by Fox. Various other actors have portrayed or voiced the character in other media. In the animated series, David Kaufman voices him, and in the video game developed and published by Telltale Games, he is voiced by A.J. LoCascio, while Fox makes vocal cameos as his future counterparts. Olly Dobson played him in the original stage musical adaptation in the West End and Casey Likes plays him in the Broadway production.

Critics have described Marty as a film character that defined the 1980s. He was named one of the greatest movie characters of all time by Empire . Critics have also described him as a pop culture icon. Since the release of Back to the Future, he has been influential in other media, often being referenced in television and film.

Development

Concept and creation

The concept for Back to the Future originated in co-creators Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale wanting to make a film about time travel. Gale said that the story evolved after he found his father's old high school year book and asked himself "Would we have been friends if we'd been at school together?" He considered the realization that parents were once young and also contemplated the idea that people are in charge of their own destinies. It took some time to work out how Marty would travel in time, but they knew it had to be by accident rather than for some personal gain. In the first two drafts of the script, many elements of the story were different to the final version and featured a time chamber instead of the DeLorean time machine. [1] Gale and Zemeckis shared a fascination with the way that the future was often depicted in the wrong way in media and thought it would be cool to write a film in which the character changed history. In the early drafts of the script, Doc Brown's technology caused the whole world to change instead of just Marty's family but this idea was rejected. Gale stated that Marty was named after a production assistant on Used Cars because it seemed like a "good, all-American name". Zemeckis then suggested the surname McFly. [2] When they pitched the story, it was rejected over 40 times as it was considered too sweet, although it was also rejected by Disney due to concerns over the subplot involving Marty's relationship with his mother. Others considered that a story about time travel would not make any money. The project was eventually taken on by Steven Spielberg at his production company Amblin Entertainment as he had always believed in the story. [3]

Casting and filming

Michael J. Fox was the first choice for Zemeckis when casting the role of Marty McFly in Back to the Future, as he had seen him starring in the television series Family Ties in the part of Alex Keaton. Fox was still under contract causing concern about his filming availability, so producer Gary Michael Goldberg did not give him the script. [4] Various young actors auditioned for the part of Marty, including Jon Cryer, Billy Zane, Ben Stiller, C. Thomas Howell, Johnny Depp, John Cusack, Charlie Sheen and Matthew Modine. [5] [6] [7] Ralph Macchio also missed out on the role due to concerns that his New York accent and East Coast ethnicity were not the right fit for Marty's "all-American quality". [8] Eric Stoltz was eventually cast as Marty and used method acting, insisting that the film crew call him "Marty" outside of filming. His intense, serious acting style clashed with the light, comedic portrayal that Zemeckis and Gale were expecting from the part. [9] According to Gale, Stoltz portrayed Marty with the approach that he would feel miserable over how his family changes and this underpinned his performance. After reviewing 40 minutes of footage, Spielberg, Zemeckis and Gale knew it was a problem. [10] Despite making the decision to fire Stoltz, filming continued into January 1985, with Stoltz filming the scene at the Twin Pines mall with Christopher Lloyd. Five weeks into shooting, Zemeckis replaced Stoltz with Fox. By that time, Universal Pictures had already negotiated the filming schedule for Fox around his commitment to Family Ties. [9] Zemeckis personally took the responsibility of giving the news to Stoltz, stating that it was "the hardest meeting I've ever had in my life and it was all my fault. I broke his heart". [3] Gale explained that the recasting did not reflect on Stoltz's acting abilities, but they had just cast the wrong person. [11]

With Fox in the role, Zemeckis had to reshoot the previous five weeks of filming with a new leading man. [12] The producers were impressed by Fox's sense of timing and comic ability. Zemeckis commented, "He's got the perfect blend of traditional leading man qualities. He's vulnerable but he's calm." As Fox had joined the production after filming had begun, he was forced to juggle filming of both the film and television series within a punishing schedule. This involved rehearsals for Family Ties from 10am until 6pm followed by filming Back to the Future from 6.30pm until 2.30am. Fox stated that the schedule was exhausting but worth the effort. [13] Fox exclaimed that he could play Marty McFly in his sleep and wrote, "that very nearly turned out to be the case". His presence changed the atmosphere on set and he had a good rapport with Lloyd. Gale said that as well as being a good actor and having a natural comedic ability, Fox "gave the actors more to work with". [3] Lloyd said that although he was worried about the replacement, he had a natural chemistry with Fox and found it easy to work with him. [14] Fox assumed that his exhaustion would result in a poor performance and damage his career, but instead his anxieties benefited his portrayal of Marty: "I barely knew where I was, and I didn’t really know what I was doing. That served the film because Marty's supposed to be disoriented." [15] For a scene in which Marty plays a cover version of the song "Johnny B. Goode" by Chuck Berry at a school dance, Fox had to be taught to play guitar by Paul Hanson. Fox recalled that he also could not dance, so he worked with a choreographer in order to move like a rock star. He wanted to incorporate all of the mannerisms of his favorite guitarists, including "a Pete Townshend windmill, and Jimi Hendrix behind the back, and a Chuck Berry duck walk". [16] Although Fox mimed the guitar playing and lip-synced the song in the scene, it was Tim May who played guitar, while the vocals were provided by Mark Campbell. [17]

While filming a scene for the third film, which involves Marty being strung up in a noose by Buford "Mad Dog" Tannen and his gang, the stunt almost went seriously wrong. In his 2002 autobiography, Lucky Man: A Memoir, Fox recalled that he stood on a box for the first two takes as the shot only filmed the upper part of his body. When the scene failed to look realistic, he decided to try the stunt without the box. As a result, the rope blocked his carotid artery and caused him to lose consciousness for several seconds until Zemeckis realised that he was not acting. [18] This incident later led Fox to contemplate whether his developing symptoms were related to the hanging before he was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. [19]

Characteristics

Marty McFly is the Back to the Future protagonist who is raised in Hill Valley, California, a fictional town set in 1985. [20] He is a confident teenager who attends high school and dreams of becoming a star in the music industry. He also lives in a family with various personal issues. [21] He is the youngest of three children of George McFly and Lorraine Baines-McFly. He has a brother, Dave McFly, and a sister, Linda McFly. Marty's girlfriend is Jennifer Parker and his best friend is Emmett Brown, a scientist Marty and Jennifer call "Doc". [22] In the third film, Marty meets his great-great paternal grandparents, Seamus and Maggie, who were Irish immigrants in 1885. He also meets their infant son William, Marty's great-grandfather. [23] Despite never explicitly being explained in the film, Gale confirmed that Marty met his friend Doc Brown when he was around 14 after hearing that Brown was a dangerous lunatic. Marty was curious, so he snuck into Doc's lab and was fascinated by his inventions. Doc allowed him to help with his experiments and their friendship began. [24]

Personality

In Back to the Future, Marty is shown to be disappointed by his parents, due to his father being weak and easily bullied, while his mother drinks too much alcohol. [25] Marty enjoys playing electric guitar with his group The Pinheads and plays "The Power of Love" at a Battle of the Bands audition as his favorite band is Huey Lewis and the News. [4] This ability gives him the opportunity to take the lead in 1955 when stepping in for Marvin at the Enchantment Under the Sea Dance, where he shows the fictitious R&B band named Marvin Berry and the Starlighters the chord changes for "Johnny B. Goode". [26] He is a talented skateboarder, often clinging onto the back of vehicles to gain extra speed when he is late for school. [27] He also proves to be an excellent pistol shot, a skill he has honed by playing shooting games such as Wild Gunman. [28]

Marty's carefree attitude results in confrontations with his high school principal Mr. Strickland, who calls him a "slacker", comparing him to his father. After Strickland warns him against associating with Doc Brown and claims that no McFly ever amounted to anything, Marty shows determination, stating that he will change history. [29] When confronted with a challenging circumstance, Marty often uses the catchphrase "This is heavy!" [30] He frequently displays anger whenever he is accused of cowardice. For the sequels, Gale said that they wanted to establish a character flaw for Marty that he has to overcome and realised that he is a "hothead", as demonstrated when he quickly becomes involved in a confrontation with the bully Biff Tannen. Gale said that this character flaw was then verbalised in Marty's catchphrase, "Nobody calls me chicken!", which he described as Marty's "Achilles' heel". [31] Marty eventually learns a valuable lesson about choosing to walk away from a fight and refuses a driving race challenge that could have caused his death. [30]

Marty frequently uses pop culture references, particularly when adopting aliases throughout the Back to the Future series. In the first film, soon after waking up in the bedroom of Lorraine in 1955, he adopts the name "Calvin Klein" after she starts calling him that due to it being Marty's brand of underwear. [32] In the French dub of Back to the Future, the name Calvin Klein was replaced by Pierre Cardin, after the French fashion designer. [33] He also uses the alias "Darth Vader, an extraterrestrial from the Planet Vulcan", thereby confusing Star Wars with Star Trek , while wearing a radiation suit to attempt to coerce George into asking Lorraine out to the dance. In the third film, he uses the name "Clint Eastwood" after traveling back to 1885. [34] He also mimics the tough guy personas of Travis Bickle played by Robert De Niro in Taxi Driver and Dirty Harry played by Eastwood while practising with a pistol. [35]

Physical appearance

In Back to the Future, Marty's clothing reflects the fashion of 1985. He wears a pair of Levi's jeans, paired with a buttoned shirt, a denim jacket with a puffer jacket on top and a pair of Nike Bruin shoes. In 1955, he wears a camp shirt, two-tone jacket and denim, later changing to a check jacket and tie. [36] After time travelling with Doc Brown in the second film and arriving in the future on October 21, 2015, Marty wears a more futuristic outfit to blend in with the fashion of the era. His updated look features wearable technology, including a self-drying bomber jacket combined with jeans that have pockets worn on the outside and sneakers with automatic self-lacing technology. His skateboard is also replaced by a hoverboard. [37] In the third film, after time travelling back to the year 1885, his outfit features a poncho and hat in a similar style to the Man with No Name, a film character portrayed by Eastwood. [38]

Appearances

Back to the Future films

Back to the Future

In 1985, eccentric scientist Emmett "Doc" Brown invites Marty to join him at the Twin Pines Mall, where he shows him a time machine that he has invented out of a DeLorean. After inputting the date November 5, 1955, Libyan terrorists arrive and shoot him, as Doc Brown had used plutonium to power the DeLorean instead of building a nuclear weapon for them. During this exchange, Marty escapes from them in the time machine, accidentally traveling back to 1955. There, he gets knocked over by a car in the place of his teenage father, George, which disrupts how his parents meet. After waking up in the bedroom of his teenage mother, Lorraine, she develops a crush on him. Marty contacts the younger version of Doc Brown and enlists his help to reunite his parents and travel back to 1985. He attempts to convince George to ask Lorraine out to the Enchantment Under the Sea dance, where they are fated to kiss for the first time. In the process, he draws the attention of bully Biff Tannen, who frequently bullies George. Marty concocts a plan with George in which he will rescue Lorraine from Marty's advances while they are parked in a car during the night of the dance in order to win her affections. That night Biff appears on the scene, taking Marty's place in the car. When George finds Biff with Lorraine, he finally gains the courage to stand up to him and knocks him out with a punch, securing Lorraine's affections. At the dance, Marty joins the band on stage and plays guitar, which results in George and Lorraine making their first kiss. Marty arrives at the Hill Valley clocktower in time to complete Doc Brown's plan to send him back to the future by using a lightning strike as a power source for the DeLorean. The plan is successful and Marty travels back to 1985. There he finds that his exploits in the past have changed the future, as George is a novelist and Biff works for him. He discovers that Doc Brown is still alive having worn a bulletproof vest after Marty warned him about his fate in 1955.

Back to the Future Part II

Doc Brown transports Marty and Jennifer to October 21, 2015 in the DeLorean to help their children, but their departure is witnessed by Biff. Their future selves have married and their teenage son, Marty Jr, will be arrested for getting involved in a robbery with Griff, Biff's grandson. Jennifer is knocked unconscious by Doc Brown and left asleep while Marty disguises himself as Marty Jr and comes into contact with the elder Biff. Marty refuses Griff's offer and gets into a hoverboard dash, resulting in Griff and his crew getting arrested instead of Marty Jr. Jennifer, who was left behind, is taken back to her 2015 home by the police after tracing her there using her fingerprints. Marty and Doc Brown rescue her while, unbeknownst to them, elder Biff steals their time machine and returns to 1955, where he gives his younger self a sports almanac from the future to use for gambling. When Marty returns to 1985, he discovers that Hill Valley is now a dystopia, with Biff becoming extraordinarily rich and corrupt. He had forcefully married Marty's mother, Lorraine, and secretly murdered Marty's father. He also legalized gambling in the process, becoming known as the "Luckiest Man on Earth". Marty and Doc Brown return to 1955 again to steal the almanac from Biff and succeed in retrieving it. Doc Brown is accidentally transported back to 1885 after lightning strikes the DeLorean, leaving Marty stranded. Marty immediately receives a letter from Doc Brown, written on September 1, 1885, which informs him that he has traveled back in time. Marty then seeks the help of the 1955 version of Doc Brown.

Back to the Future Part III

Marty finds the 1955 version of Doc Brown and informs him of the previous events. Using the letter that Doc Brown sent from 1885, they find the DeLorean hidden in a mineshaft, but also discover a tombstone with Doc Brown's name on it. This reveals that he was shot and killed by Bufford "Mad Dog" Tannen six days after he wrote the letter. Marty decides to travel back to 1885 in the DeLorean in an effort to save Doc Brown. After Doc Brown sets the date to September 2, 1885, Marty time travels and hides the DeLorean in a cave. In 1885, he meets his great-great-grandparents, Seamus and Maggie, and their son, his great-grandfather. He discovers that Doc Brown has made a new life as a blacksmith. Marty crosses paths with "Mad Dog" Tannen, Biff's great-grandfather, and gets into a brawl with him. He is rescued by Doc Brown while being hung from a noose by Tannen. The two concoct a plan to get the DeLorean up to 88 miles per hour to transport Marty back to 1985 and save the Doc from being shot by Tannen. While they plan their escape, Marty and Doc Brown meet a teacher named Clara Clayton and Doc Brown falls in love with her. During a festival, "Mad Dog" and Marty agree to a one-on-one showdown on the day that Marty is meant to travel back to 1985. During the showdown, Marty defeats "Mad Dog" and proceeds with their time travel plan, which involves pushing the DeLorean with a steam engine over a ravine. Finally, Doc Brown decides to stay in 1885 with Clara while Marty travels back to 1985 in the DeLorean. Upon arrival in 1985, the time machine is destroyed by an oncoming train, but Marty escapes. He reunites with Jennifer and decides to decline a street race with Needles. While pondering over the wreckage of the DeLorean, Doc Brown arrives in a new time machine that he has built from a steam engine, alongside his wife Clara and their children, and tells them to make their future a good one as it has yet to be written, before bidding them farewell.

Stage

In 2014, a West End musical adaptation of Back to the Future was announced. Both Zemeckis and Gale were involved in the production, with Jamie Lloyd as director and co-writer. The aim was to produce a stage show with the spirit of the film, but with some additional music and lyrics. [39] It was due to launch in 2015, the 30th anniversary of the film, but was delayed when Jamie Lloyd left the project due to creative differences. [40] Stage actor Olly Dobson debuted the role of Marty in Back to the Future: The Musical, which premiered at Manchester Opera House on 20 February 2020 and ran for 12 weeks before moving to the West End. [41] In the London production at the Adelphi Theatre, he was succeeded by Ben Joyce. [42] Casey Likes plays him in the Broadway production of the musical. [43] For the North American tour that launched in June 2024 at Playhouse Square in Cleveland, Caden Brauch took on the role. [44]

Other appearances

Reception

Critical response

Following the release of Back to the Future, Marty received a largely positive response from critics. Vincent Canby of The New York Times appreciated the comedy in Marty's home life in 1985 and his adventures in 1955 and considered Fox's performance to be funny. [52] Roger Ebert favorably compared Marty's story arc to Frank Capra's It's a Wonderful Life , stating that he "begins with one view of his life and reality, and is allowed, through magical intervention, to discover another". [53] Kirk Ellis of The Hollywood Reporter made a similar comparison and described Fox's portrayal as "appealing" stating that he was "easily one of the more intelligent-looking young actors to cross a screen recently". [54] Conversely, Los Angeles Times reviewer Sheila Benson left an unfavorable review, describing Marty as "big on brashness and energy, dangerously low on subtlety". [55] Ray Loynd writing for Variety enjoyed the "zestful" performance of Fox, describing him as an "Arthurian knight figure" and his rendition of "Johnny B. Goode" as an "audience-grabbing scene". [56] Richard Corliss of Time responded positively to Marty's heavy metal riff and predicted that, like his audience, viewers would continue to love him for the next 30 years. [57]

Cultural impact and legacy

In the decades following the release of Back to the Future, critics have reflected on the character's impact. Marty McFly was listed as one of the ten greatest sci-fi movie characters of all time by Olly Dyche of MovieWeb , who described him as "an incredibly cool character" with "enough charm to make anyone swoon". [58] Eric Francisco of GamesRadar+ ranked him the seventh greatest movie character of the 1980s alongside Doc Brown. [59] Empire magazine selected him as the 12th greatest movie character of all time. [60] GQ chose Marty's outfit in the first film as one of the most iconic movie outfits, specifying the "double-denim, the flannel, the iconic red puffer vest". [61] In a retrospective review, Justin Chang in the Los Angeles Times noted that Back to the Future is in essence Marty's story, specifically his struggle to control his existence, and considered every other character in the film an "afterthought". [62] Kayla Turner of Screen Rant counted Marty as one of the film characters that defined the 1980s, describing him as a "timeless cultural icon whose influence extends far beyond the decade". [63] Reflecting on the "Johnny B. Goode" scene in Back to the Future, Jason Lipshutz of Billboard described Marty as "one of the most beloved characters in film history". [64] Emily Lackey writing for Bustle called him a "pop culture icon". [65] Fox has also been praised for his portrayal of Marty. The Guardian writer Hadley Freeman attributed much of the timelessness of Back to the Future to his performance commenting, "His bright-eyed charm and, yes, screwball energy give the film a joyful momentum that makes it an enduring pleasure". [66] Mark Monahan writing for The Telegraph opined that Back to the Future would be a poorer film without Fox's "uniquely energetic charm". [67] In a review, Empire's Adam Smith opined that the film established Fox as "the finest light-comedy actor of his generation" and considered his portrayal of Marty as "the most charming screen presence of the 80s". [68] Tom Breihan of The A. V. Club said that it was difficult to imagine anyone as perfect as Fox in the role of Marty and described him as "small and squinty and breezily charismatic". [69]

Marty has been influential in popular culture and he has often been referenced in other media. Morty Smith of the American animated series Rick and Morty began as a parody of Marty McFly. [70] He was the inspiration for the naming of the English band McFly. [71] Tom Holland cited Marty as his main inspiration for Peter Parker in Spiderman: Homecoming . He said, "My goal was to try and kind of be our generation's Marty McFly." [72] Japanese pro wrestler Kushida has dressed as Marty McFly as part of his ring character. [73] In 2018, The Great British Bake Off opened a series with a skit involving host Sandi Toksvig dressed as Marty alongside Noel Fielding dressed as Doc Brown. [74] The Daily Dot reported in 2018 that Marty had become an internet meme, in particular a scene in which he plays heavy rock at the school dance in 1955 and the teenagers fail to appreciate his music. The meme was used to express something considered too far ahead of its time, quoting Marty's response "Guess you’re not ready for that yet, but your kids are gonna love it". [75] In October 2021, Daniel Craig reenacted a Back to the Future scene in the role of Marty with James Corden and Christopher Lloyd on The Late Late Show . [76] Season 3 of Stranger Things includes numerous references to Back to the Future, including visual homages to the character. [77] In the 2023 film The Flash , Marty is referenced as a joke when Barry Allen travels back in time to stop his mother from being murdered and changes history in the process. He is horrified to discover that Marty is portrayed by Stoltz in Back to the Future instead of Fox. [78] When Fox joined British band Coldplay on stage at Glastonbury in 2024, Chris Martin explained, "The main reason why we're in a band is because of watching Back to the Future". [79]

Awards and honours

For his portrayal of Marty McFly, Fox received several awards and nominations. In 1985, he was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy for Back to the Future. [80] He also won a Saturn Award for Best Actor in 1985 for the film. [81] In 1986, he won a Jupiter Award for Best International Actor for the role. [82]

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<i>Back to the Future</i> (1989 video game) 1989 video game

Back to the Future is a 1989 video game released by LJN for the Nintendo Entertainment System. The game is loosely based on the 1985 film of the same name. A sequel, Back to the Future Part II & III, was released in 1990.

<i>Back to the Future: The Musical</i> Musical stage adaptation of the 1985 film

Back to the Future: The Musical is a musical with music and lyrics by Alan Silvestri and Glen Ballard and a book by Bob Gale. It is adapted from the 1985 film Back to the Future by Robert Zemeckis and Gale. The show features original music, as well as songs featured in the film.

<i>Transformers/Back to the Future</i> Crossover comic miniseries

Transformers/Back to the Future is a four-issue crossover comic miniseries from IDW Publishing that debuted in October 2020. The series is a crossover event to celebrate the 35th anniversary of the Transformers franchise by Hasbro and the Back to the Future films by Universal Pictures.

Music of the <i>Back to the Future</i> franchise Film franchise soundtrack album list

The music of the Back to the Future franchise is composed in conjunction with the development of several feature films and a stage musical, within the Back to the Future franchise created by Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale. All music in the franchise was composed by American composer Alan Silvestri, with The Musical being co-written with Glen Ballard.

References

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