Mearnsiana | |
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Mearnsiana bullosa, left male, right female | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Phasmatodea |
Family: | Heteropterygidae |
Subfamily: | Obriminae |
Tribe: | Obrimini |
Genus: | Mearnsiana Rehn, J. A. G. & Rehn, J.W.H., 1939 |
Species [1] | |
Synonyms [2] | |
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Mearnsiana is a genus of stick insects, which is native to the Philippine islands Mindanao, Leyte and Dinagat. [1] [2] [3]
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Relationships of the genus Mearnsiana and their sister genera investigated so far according to Sarah Bank et al (2021), [3] *species assignment according to Frank H. Hennemann (2023) [1] |
The genus is considered the most colorful of the subfamily Obriminae or the entire family Heteropterygidae. The species are wingless in both sexes. The males of both so far described species have long antennae. They reach 4.35 to 5.1 centimetres (1.71 to 2.01 in) in body length, with Mearnsiana maranao being the smaller and spinier species. The basic color is olive green. meso- and metathorax are colored orange-brown above and below and have two pairs of slightly darker bumps on the upper side, which in Mearnsiana maranao are formed as longer tips. In the males of Mearnsiana bullosa the abdomen is conspicuously colored yellow, red and green. The live color of Mearnsiana maranao is not known, just like its females. The 8 to 9.8 centimetres (3.1 to 3.9 in) long females of Mearnsiana bullosa are colored bright green on the top or a more plain green-brown. Legs, antennae and ovipositor spines are light brown. The color of the underside varies from orange-brown to slightly purple. The abdomen ends in a long, straight ovipositor. [1] [4] [5]
In 1939, James Abram Garfield Rehn and his son John William Holman Rehn described the genus using a male nymph of the also described Mearnsiana bullosa, which thus represents the type species of the genus. This male holotype was found at the Mount Apo in Mindanao and is deposited at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.. The name Mearnsiana is dedicated to the American ornithologist and natural scientist Edgar Alexander Mearns, who found the holotype at the Mount Apo. The specific epithet bullosa means "bubbly". [2] [6] Since the juvenile holotype of the species clearly differs from the adults, the species was subsequently described twice more in adults. Once by Ireneo L. Lit, Jr. and Orlando L. Eusebio in 2005 as Trachyaretaon manobo and again in 2006 by Oskar V. Conle as Hennobrimus hennemanni' '. The fact that both are synonyms of Mearnsiana bullosa became clear as early as 2008/2009, when all stages were known through the successful breeding of the species. [2] [4] [7] They were officially synonymized in 2016 by Frank H. Hennemann et al. [8] Sarah Bank et al. shows in their studies based on genetic analysis in 2021 that, in addition to the type species, there is at least a second, undescribed species in the previously monotypic genus. The female examined was found by Thomas Buckley and A. Mohagan on May 22, 2012 at Mount Redondo in the north of Dinagat Island. [3] The second species of the genus, described by Hennemann in 2023, does not come from there, but from Lanao del Norte on Mindanao. It was described as Mearnsiana maranao from a single male deposited in the Museum of Natural Sciences in Brussels. The species supplement is dedicated to the Maranao people, a predominantly Muslim Filipino ethnic group native to the region around Lake Lanao. [1]
The Heteropterygidae is a family of stick insects belonging to the suborder Euphasmatodea. Species can be found in Australasia, East and Southeast Asia. About 150 valid species have been described.
The Obriminae are the most species-rich subfamily of the Phasmatodea family Heteropterygidae native to Southeast Asia. It is divided into two tribe.
The Obrimini are the most species-rich tribe of the Phasmatodea family of the Heteropterygidae native to Southeast Asia.
Haaniella is a genus of the Phasmatodea family Heteropterygidae from Southeast Asia.
Mearnsiana bullosa, occasionally referred to by the common name Manobos stick-insect,is a species of stick insect in the family Heteropterygidae. It is native to the Philippine islands of Mindanao and Leyte. Until 2023 it was the only described representative of the genus Mearnsiana.
Miroceramia is a monotypic genus of stick insects, containing Miroceramia westwoodii as the only described species. It is the only fully winged one of the subfamily Obriminae.
Trachyaretaon is a genus of stick insects native to the Philippines.
Brasidas is a genus of stick insects that is native to the Philippines and is named after the Spartan general Brasidas
Eubulides is a stick insect genus native to the Philippines.
Theramenes is a genus of medium-sized stick insects in the tribe Obrimini, which is native to the Philippines and to the Indonesian Talaud Islands.
Orestes guangxiensis is a representative of the genus Orestes.
Orestes japonicus, a stick insect, is a representative of the genus Orestes.
Orestes shirakii is a species of stick insects native to Taiwan.
Trachyaretaon carmelae is a species of stick insects. It is one of the largest in the subfamily Obriminae.
Stenobrimus is a genus of medium-sized stick insects native to the Philippines.
Brasidas cavernosus is a representative of the stick insects native to the Philippine island Luzon. It is considered one of the largest species in the subfamily Obriminae.
Pterobrimus is a monotypic genus of stick insects (Phasmatodea), containing the species Pterobrimus depressus, which is native to Fiji.
Tisamenus hebardi is a stick insect species (Phasmatodea), in the family of the Heteropterygidae endemic to the north of the Philippine island of Luzon.
Brasidas lacerta is a species of stick insect in the family Heteropterygidae which is endemic to Mindanao. Due to its extreme variability, and the nymphs being spinier than to the adults, the species has been described under other names, resulting in a total of seven synonyms.
Sungaya ibaloi is a species of insect from the family Heteropterygidae. It is one of three very similar stick insect species of the genus Sungaya, which are often kept in the terrariums of enthusiasts. Like all representatives of the genus, the species is endemic to the Philippine island Luzón and was found there in the province of Benguet.