Mearnsiana

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Mearnsiana
Mearnsiana bullosa - pair2.jpg
Mearnsiana bullosa,
left male, right female
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Phasmatodea
Family: Heteropterygidae
Subfamily: Obriminae
Tribe: Obrimini
Genus: Mearnsiana
Rehn, J. A. G. & Rehn, J.W.H., 1939
Species [1]
Synonyms [2]

Mearnsiana is a genus of stick insects, which is native to the Philippine islands Mindanao, Leyte and Dinagat. [1] [2] [3]

Contents

Relationships of the genus Mearnsiana and their sister genera investigated so far according to Sarah Bank et al (2021), [3] *species assignment according to Frank H. Hennemann (2023) [1]

Description

The genus is considered the most colorful of the subfamily Obriminae or the entire family Heteropterygidae. The species are wingless in both sexes. The males of both so far described species have long antennae. They reach 4.35 to 5.1 centimetres (1.71 to 2.01 in) in body length, with Mearnsiana maranao being the smaller and spinier species. The basic color is olive green. meso- and metathorax are colored orange-brown above and below and have two pairs of slightly darker bumps on the upper side, which in Mearnsiana maranao are formed as longer tips. In the males of Mearnsiana bullosa the abdomen is conspicuously colored yellow, red and green. The live color of Mearnsiana maranao is not known, just like its females. The 8 to 9.8 centimetres (3.1 to 3.9 in) long females of Mearnsiana bullosa are colored bright green on the top or a more plain green-brown. Legs, antennae and ovipositor spines are light brown. The color of the underside varies from orange-brown to slightly purple. The abdomen ends in a long, straight ovipositor. [1] [4] [5]

Taxonomy

In 1939, James Abram Garfield Rehn and his son John William Holman Rehn described the genus using a male nymph of the also described Mearnsiana bullosa, which thus represents the type species of the genus. This male holotype was found at the Mount Apo in Mindanao and is deposited at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.. The name Mearnsiana is dedicated to the American ornithologist and natural scientist Edgar Alexander Mearns, who found the holotype at the Mount Apo. The specific epithet bullosa means "bubbly". [2] [6] Since the juvenile holotype of the species clearly differs from the adults, the species was subsequently described twice more in adults. Once by Ireneo L. Lit, Jr. and Orlando L. Eusebio in 2005 as Trachyaretaon manobo and again in 2006 by Oskar V. Conle as Hennobrimus hennemanni' '. The fact that both are synonyms of Mearnsiana bullosa became clear as early as 2008/2009, when all stages were known through the successful breeding of the species. [2] [4] [7] They were officially synonymized in 2016 by Frank H. Hennemann et al. [8] Sarah Bank et al. shows in their studies based on genetic analysis in 2021 that, in addition to the type species, there is at least a second, undescribed species in the previously monotypic genus. The female examined was found by Thomas Buckley and A. Mohagan on May 22, 2012 at Mount Redondo in the north of Dinagat Island. [3] The second species of the genus, described by Hennemann in 2023, does not come from there, but from Lanao del Norte on Mindanao. It was described as Mearnsiana maranao from a single male deposited in the Museum of Natural Sciences in Brussels. The species supplement is dedicated to the Maranao people, a predominantly Muslim Filipino ethnic group native to the region around Lake Lanao. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heteropterygidae</span> Family of stick insects

The Heteropterygidae is a family of stick insects belonging to the suborder Euphasmatodea. Species can be found in Australasia, East and Southeast Asia. About 150 valid species have been described.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Obriminae</span> Family of stick insects

The Obriminae are the most species-rich subfamily of the Phasmatodea family Heteropterygidae native to Southeast Asia. It is divided into two tribe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Obrimini</span> Tribe of stick insects

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<i>Haaniella</i> Genus of stick insects

Haaniella is a genus of the Phasmatodea family Heteropterygidae from Southeast Asia.

<i>Mearnsiana bullosa</i> Species of stick insect

Mearnsiana bullosa, occasionally referred to by the common name Manobos stick-insect,is a species of stick insect in the family Heteropterygidae. It is native to the Philippine islands of Mindanao and Leyte. Until 2023 it was the only described representative of the genus Mearnsiana.

<i>Miroceramia</i> Genus of stick insects

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<i>Trachyaretaon</i> Genus of stick insects

Trachyaretaon is a genus of stick insects native to the Philippines.

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<i>Orestes guangxiensis</i> Species of stick insect

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<i>Trachyaretaon carmelae</i> Species of stick insect

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<i>Stenobrimus</i> Genus of stick insects

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<i>Brasidas cavernosus</i> Species of stick insect

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<i>Brasidas lacerta</i> Species of stick insect

Brasidas lacerta is a species of stick insect in the family Heteropterygidae which is endemic to Mindanao. Due to its extreme variability, and the nymphs being spinier than to the adults, the species has been described under other names, resulting in a total of seven synonyms.

<i>Sungaya ibaloi</i> Species of stick insect

Sungaya ibaloi is a species of insect from the family Heteropterygidae. It is one of three very similar stick insect species of the genus Sungaya, which are often kept in the terrariums of enthusiasts. Like all representatives of the genus, the species is endemic to the Philippine island Luzón and was found there in the province of Benguet.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Hennemann, F. H. (2023). A taxonomic review, including new species and new records of Philippine Obrimini stick insects (Insecta: Phasmatodea: Heteropterygidae: Obriminae), Faunitaxys, 2023, 11 (71), pp. 67–72.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Brock, P. D.; Büscher, T. H. & Baker, E. W.: Phasmida Species File Online. Version 5.0./5.0 (accessdate 23 June 2021)
  3. 1 2 3 Bank, S.; Buckley, T. R.; Büscher, T. H.; Bresseel, J.; Constant, J.; de Haan, M.; Dittmar, D.; Dräger, H.; Kahar, R. S.; Kang, A.; Kneubühler, B.; Langton-Myers, S. & Bradler, S. (2021). Reconstructing the nonadaptive radiation of an ancient lineage of ground-dwelling stick insects (Phasmatodea: Heteropterygidae) , Systematic Entomology, DOI: 10.1111/syen.12472
  4. 1 2 Dräger, H (2012) Gespenstschrecken der Familie Heteropterygidae Kirby, 1896 (Phasmatodea) – ein Überblick über bisher gehaltene Arten, Teil 3: Die Unterfamilie Obriminae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893, Triben Miroceramiini und Eubulidini Zompro, 2004, ZAG Phoenix, Nr. 6. Juni 2012 Jahrgang 3(2), pp. 2–21, ISSN   2190-3476
  5. ↑ Sijbrants, R. (2011) Speciesreport 40: Mearnsiana bullosa (Rehn & Rehn, 1939), Phasma Werkgroep, Nr. 81 Juni 2011, Jahrgang 21, pp. 3–5, ISSN   1381-3420
  6. ↑ Rehn, J. A. G. & Rehn, J. W. H. (1939). Proceedings of The Academy of Natural Sciences (Vol. 90, 1938) , Philadelphia, pp. 458–460.
  7. ↑ Breeding instructions for Mearnsiana bullosa on phasmatodea.com by Bruno Kneubühler
  8. ↑ Hennemann, F. H.; Conle, O. V.; Brock, P. D. & Seow-Choen, F. (2016). Revision of the Oriental subfamiliy Heteropteryginae Kirby, 1896, with a re-arrangement of the family Heteropterygidae and the descriptions of five new species of Haaniella Kirby, 1904. (Phasmatodea: Areolatae: Heteropterygidae), Zootaxa 4159 (1), Magnolia Press, Auckland, New Zealand, ISSN   1175-5326
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