| Medlicottiidae Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
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| Artinskia , an Artinskian medlicottiid | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Cephalopoda |
| Subclass: | † Ammonoidea |
| Order: | † Prolecanitida |
| Superfamily: | † Medlicottioidea |
| Family: | † Medlicottiidae Karpinsky, 1889 |
| Subfamilies | |
Medlicottiidae is a family of ammonoid cephalopods belonging to the Prolecanitida, known from the Upper Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) to the Early Triassic.
Medlicottidae are characterized by discoidal to thinly lenticular shells and sutures with a narrow ventral lobe and a modified first lateral saddle.
The Medlicottiide, established by Karpinsky in 1889, is by prevailing current perspective divided into five subfamilies. These are the Episageceratinae, Medlicottiinae, Propinacoceratinae, Sicanitinae, and Uddenitinae. The Artioceratinae and Miklukhoceratinae, sometimes included as well, are junior synonyms respectively for the Sicanitinae and Propinacoceratinae.
Previously the Medlicottiidae were divided in part L of the Treatise, 1957, into just two subfamilies, the Uddenitinae introduced by Miller and Furnish in 1940 and the Medlicottinae revised from Karpinsky 1889.
The Medlicottiidae are included in the superfamily Medlicottioidea which now also includes the Pronoritidae and Sundaitidae. The Sageceratidae, included in the Treatise, Part L, 1957, have been removed to the ceratitid superfamily Sagecerataceae.
Hyatt and Smith (1905) included Medlicottia in the Pronoritidae, prior to the establishment of the Prolecanitina as a separate order by Mller and Furnish, 1954. The Pronoritidae of Hyatt and Smith were included in their suborder Pinacoceratoidea. The Pinacoceratoidea also includes the family Pinacoceratidae, which included the genus Sageceras , which later became the type genus for the Sageceratidae. The distinction between the Medlicottiidae and Sageceratidae lies mainly in the distinction of their respective sutural development.
According to Hyatt and Smith, the Pronoritidae contains Pronorites, Parapronorites, Medlicottia, (with its subgenera Episageceras, Propinacoceras, and Artinskia ), Sicanites, Uddenites, Sundaites, Daraelites, Albanites, and Cordillerites. Lanceolites was added by Smith (1932). All are confined to the Paleozoic except Episageceras which extends into the Triassic and Cordillerites and Lanceolites which are confined to the Triassic.
Smith (1932) pointed out that Medlicottia, Uddenites, and Cordillerites all have the peculiar Pronorites stage in their early development. Pronorites is recapitulated in the young of Parapronorites, Medlicottia, and Uddenites; less so in Cordillerites, and even less in the young of Daraelites.
Ruzhencev, 1949 (in Glesister and Furnish 1961) included in the Medlicottiidae following genera: Akmilleria, Aktubinskia, Arctioceras, Artinskia, Daixites, Eurmedlicottia, Medlicottia, Neogastroceras, Sicanites, Synartinskia, Propinacoceras, Prouddenites, and Uddenites.
Xiphogymnites is an extinct ammonoid cephalopod genus from the Triassic included in the family Gymnitidae. It is known from the Balkans in eastern Europe.
Aldanites is an extinct cephalopod genus belonging to the ammonoid order Goniatitida.
Ceratitida is an order that contains almost all ammonoid cephalopod genera from the Triassic as well as ancestral forms from the Upper Permian, the exception being the phylloceratids which gave rise to the great diversity of post-Triassic ammonites.
Goniatitina is one of two suborders included in the order Goniatitida; extinct Paleozoic ammonoid cephalopods only distantly related to the Nautiloidea.
Prolobitidae is a family of middle and upper Devonian ammonoid cephalopods currently included in the goniatitid suborder Tornoceratina and superfamily Dimeroceratoidea, but previously included in the ancestral Anarcestida.
Tornoceratoidea, also known as Tornocerataceae, is a superfamily of goniatitid ammonoids included in the suborder Tornoceratina. Tornoceratoidea, or Tornocerataceae, is essentially the Cheilocerataceae of Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf (1957) in the Treatise Part L, revised to accommodate new taxa and new perspectives on the phylogeny.
Tornoceratidae is a family of goniatitid ammonoids from the middle and upper Devonian. The family is included in the suborder Tornoceratina and the superfamily Tornoceratoidea.
Gastrioceratoidea is one of 17 superfamilies in the suborder Goniatitina, ammonoid cephalopods from the Late Paleozoic.
Adrianitidae is a family in the Adrianitaceae, a superfamily of ammonites in the cephalopod order, Goniatitida, known from the Middle Pennsylvanian to the Middle Permian.
Texoceras is an extinct ammonoid genus in the monotypic goniatitid subfamily Texoceratinae, included in the family Adrianitidae. These were shelled cephalopods more closely related to squids, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish than to nautiloids from which they are derived.
Goniatitidae is one of three families included in the ammonoid cephalopod superfamily Goniatitoidea, known from the Lower Mississippian to the Upper Permian. They have sutures that form 8 lobes and characteristically lack sculpture. The ventral lobe, as for the superfamily, is bifurcated.
Thalassoceratidae a family of late Paleozoic ammonites included in the goniatitid superfamily Thalassoceratoidea along with the Bisatoceratidae. Some eight genera are included, although the specific number and exactly which depends on the particular classification.
The Medlicottioidea is one of two superfamilies that make up the Prolecanitida, the other being the Prolecanitoidea.
The Ophiceratidae is a family in the ammonoid order Ceratitida from the Lower Triassic, previously included in the Otocerataceae but now placed in the Noritiaceae as revised.
Clymeniida is an order of ammonoid cephalopods from the Upper Devonian characterized by having an unusual dorsal siphuncle. They measured about 4 cm (1.6 in) in diameter and are most common in Europe, North Africa, and South China but are known from North America and Australia as well.
Pinacoceratoidea, formerly Pinacocerataceae, are generally smooth, compressed, evolute to involute ammonoids from the Triassic, belonging to the Ceratitida, in which the suture is ammonitic, with adventitious and auxiliary elements.
Gymnites is a genus of ammonoid cephalopod from the Middle Triassic belonging to the ceratitid family Gymnitidae. These nektonic carnivores lived during the Triassic period, the Anisian age.
The Uddenitinae a subfamily of the Medlicottiidae, a family of ammonoid cephalopods included in the Prolecanitida. The Uddenitinae, proposed by Miller and Furnish, and known from the Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian, are transitional between the ancestral Pronoritidae and the more traditional medlicottiids.
The Medlicottiinae is a subfamily of the Medlicottiidae, a family of ammonoid cephalopods included in the Prolecanitida, characterized by having discoidal to thinly lenticular shells with a retuse (grooved) venter and sutures with bifid auxiliary lobes.
Episageceratinae is a subfamily of the Medlicottiidae, a family of prolecanitid ammonites. The Episageceratinae, proposed by Ruzhencev, 1956, is based on the genus Episageceras previously included in the subfamily Medlicottiinae and lived during Late Permian and Early Triassic times. So far only three confirmed genera are included: Episageceras, Latisageceras, and Nodosageceras.