Monilea

Monilea
Monilea callifera
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Vetigastropoda
Order:	Trochida
Superfamily:	Trochoidea
Family:	Trochidae
Genus:	Monilea Swainson, 1840 [1]
Type species
Trochus calliferus Lamarck, 1822
Synonyms [2]
Monilea (Minolia)Adams, 1860 Monilea (Monilea)Swainson, 1840 Monilia (Incorrect subsequent spelling) TalopenaIredale, 1918 TalopiaGray, 1842 Trochus (Monilea)Swainson, 1840

Monilea is a genus of sea snails in the family Trochidae, the top snails. ^[2]

Description

The solid shell has a depressed-conical shape. The outer surface is sharply, spirally striate and closely obliquely striate. The shell has a more or less developed callous ridge or funicle revolving on the inner side of the whorl within the umbilicus, and terminating at the columella, the edge of which is reflexed over it. The sinuous columella terminates in a point or denticle at its base. The outer lip is lirate within. ^{[3] [4]}

Distribution

The habitat of most species is in the Indian Ocean, but some occur in the Pacific Ocean.

Species

Species within the genus Monilea include:

• Monilea belcheri (Philippi, 1849): synonym of Talopena belcheri (R. A. Philippi, 1850) (superseded combination)
• Monilea callifera (Lamarck, 1822), the type species
• Monilea carmesina (Webster G.H., 1908): synonym of Thoristella carmesina(W. H. Webster, 1908): synonym of Coelotrochus carmesinus (W. H. Webster, 1908)
• Monilea chiliarches Melvill, 1910 (taxon inquirendum)
• Monilea celebensis Schepman, 1908
• Monilea cocoa Okutani, 2001 ^[5]
• Monilea discerna (Iredale, 1937):(synonym: Talopena discernaIredale, 1937: synonym of Sericominolia gloriola (Iredale, 1929) (superseded combination)
• Monilea engae Thach, 2025
• Monilea frausseni Thach, 2023
• Monilea gloriola (Iredale, 1929): synonym of Sericominolia gloriola (Iredale, 1929) (superseded combination)
• † Monilea grantmackiei Hayward, 1981
• Monilea haebaruensis MacNeil, 1961
• Monilea incerta Iredale, 1912: synonym of Talopena incerta (Iredale, 1912) (superseded combination)
• Monilea lentiginosa (A. Adams, 1853)
• † Monilea lifuana (Fischer, 1878): synonym of Sericominolia lifuana (P. Fischer, 1878) (superseded combination)
• Monilea marshallensis Ladd, 1966
• † Monilea mateana Ladd, 1934
• Monilea moolenbeeki Thach, 2023
• Monilea ngai Thach, 2023
• Monilea pantanellii (Caramagna, 1888) ^[6] : synonym of Gibbula pantanelliiCaramagna, 1888: synonym of Minolia variabilisH. Adams, 1873: synonym of Pagodatrochus variabilis (H. Adams, 1873)
• Monilea patricia (Philippi, 1851)
• Monilea phanriensis Thach, 2025
• † Monilea riorapelensis S. N. Nielsen, Frassinetti & Bandel, 2004
• Monilea philippii A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Talopena philippii (A. Adams, 1855)
• Monilea simulans Smith, 1899
• Monilea sliekeri Thach, 2025
• Monilea smithi (Wood, 1828)
• Monilea solandri (R. A. Philippi, 1851)
• Monilea warnefordi (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874)

The Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database also includes the following names in current use ^[7]

• Monilea calyculus (Wood, 1828): synonym of Talopena calyculus (W. Wood, 1828) (superseded combination)
• Monilea pudibunda Fischer, 1878: (uncertain > unassessed, use in recent literature not established by editor)
• Monilea rosea Tenison-Woods, 1876: synonym of Planacollonista rosea (Tenison Woods, 1876)
• Monilea turbinata Tenison-Woods, 1877: synonym of Astele turbinata(Tenison Woods, 1877): synonym of Chlorostoma scalaris(R. A. Philippi, 1844): synonym of Tegula lividomaculata(C. B. Adams, 1845): synonym of Agathistoma lividomaculatum (C. B. Adams, 1845) (original combination)
• Monilea unicarinata (Fischer, 1879)^{[ citation needed ]}

Synonyms

• Subgenus Monilea (Priotrochus)Fischer, 1880: synonym of Priotrochus P. Fischer, 1879
• Monilea apicinaGould, 1861; synonym of Parminolia apicina(Gould, 1861): synonym of Talopena apicina (A. A. Gould, 1861)
• Monilea chrysolamea(Martens, 1880): synonym of Priotrochus goudoti (Fischer, 1878)
• Monilea corrugataA. Adams, 1854: synonym of Monilea lentiginosa (A. Adams, 1853)
• Monilea degregorii(Caramagna, 1888): synonym of Ethminolia degregorii (Caramagna, 1888)
• Monilea goudoti(P. Fisher, 1878): ^[8] synonym of Priotrochus goudoti (Fischer, 1878)
• Monilea kalisomaA. Adams, 1853 (?): synonym of Monilea patricia (Philippi, 1851)
• Monilea laevissima(Martens, 1881): synonym of Ilanga laevissima (Martens, 1881)
• Monilea morti(Iredale, 1929): synonym of Monilea lentiginosa (A. Adams, 1853)
• Monilea nucleus(Philippi, 1849): ^[9] synonym of Rossiteria nucleus (Philippi, 1849)
• Monilea obscura(Wood, 1828): ^[10] synonym of Priotrochus obscurus (W. Wood, 1828)
• Monilea oleaceaHedley & Petterd, 1906: synonym of Archiminolia oleacea (Hedley & Petterd, 1906)
• Monilea philippensis(Watson, 1881): synonym of Spectamen philippense (Watson, 1881)
• Monilea ponsonbyi(G.B. Sowerby, 1888) synonym of Priotrochus obscurus ponsonbyi(G.B. sowerby, 1888)
• Monilea rhodomphala(Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1875): synonym of Trochus rhodomphalus Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1875 (species inquirenda)
• Monilea rotundataSowerby III, 1894: synonym of Minolia rotundata (Sowerby III, 1894)
• Monilea semireticulataSuter, 1908: synonym of Minolia semireticulata (Suter, 1908)
• Monilea singaporensis : synonym of Minolia singaporensis (Pilsbry, 1889)
• Monilea spuriaGould, 1861: synonym of Cinysca spuria (Gould, 1861)
• Monilea vernicosaGould, 1861: synonym of Sericominolia vernicosa (Gould, 1861)
• Monilea zealandicaHutton, 1873: synonym of Antisolarium egenum (Gould, 1849)

Synonyms

• Subgenus Monilea (Priotrochus)Fischer, 1880: synonym of Priotrochus P. Fischer, 1879
• Monilea apicinaGould, 1861; synonym of Parminolia apicina (Gould, 1861)
• Monilea chrysolamea(Martens, 1880): synonym of Priotrochus goudoti (Fischer, 1878): synonym of Talopena apicina (A. A. Gould, 1861)
• Monilea corrugataA. Adams, 1854: synonym of Monilea lentiginosa (A. Adams, 1853)
• Monilea degregorii(Caramagna, 1888): synonym of Ethminolia degregorii (Caramagna, 1888)
• Monilea goudoti(P. Fisher, 1878): ^[11] synonym of Priotrochus goudoti (Fischer, 1878)
• Monilea kalisomaA. Adams, 1853 (?): synonym of Monilea patricia (Philippi, 1851)
• Monilea laevissima(Martens, 1881): synonym of Ilanga laevissima (Martens, 1881)
• Monilea morti(Iredale, 1929): synonym of Monilea lentiginosa (A. Adams, 1853)
• Monilea nucleus(Philippi, 1849): ^[12] synonym of Rossiteria nucleus (Philippi, 1849)
• Monilea obscura(Wood, 1828): ^[13] synonym of Priotrochus obscurus (W. Wood, 1828)
• Monilea oleaceaHedley & Petterd, 1906: synonym of Archiminolia oleacea (Hedley & Petterd, 1906)
• Monilea philippensis(Watson, 1881): synonym of Spectamen philippense (Watson, 1881)
• Monilea ponsonbyi(G.B. Sowerby, 1888) synonym of Priotrochus obscurus ponsonbyi(G.B. sowerby, 1888)
• Monilea rhodomphala(Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1875): synonym of Trochus rhodomphalus Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1875 (species inquirenda)
• Monilea rotundataSowerby III, 1894: synonym of Minolia rotundata (Sowerby III, 1894)
• Monilea semireticulataSuter, 1908: synonym of Minolia semireticulata (Suter, 1908)
• Monilea singaporensis : synonym of Minolia singaporensis (Pilsbry, 1889)
• Monilea spuriaGould, 1861: synonym of Cinysca spuria (Gould, 1861)
• Monilea vernicosaGould, 1861: synonym of Sericominolia vernicosa (Gould, 1861)
• Monilea zealandicaHutton, 1873: synonym of Antisolarium egenum (Gould, 1849)

References

Notes

1. Swainson, Shells and shell-fish, p. 352
2. Monilea Swainson, 1840 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 4 July 2011.
3. George Washington Tryon, Structural and systematic conchology: an introduction to the study of the Mollusca, p.12; 1882
4. H. Pilsbry (1889), Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia
5. Monilea cocoa Okutani, 2001 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 1 May 2010.
6. Monilea pantanellii (Caramagna, 1888) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 1 May 2010.
7. OBIS : Monilea
8. Monilea goudoti (P. Fisher, 1878) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 1 May 2010.
9. Monilea nucleus (Philippi, 1849) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 1 May 2010.
10. Monilea obscura (Wood, 1828) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 1 May 2010.
11. Monilea goudoti (P. Fisher, 1878) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 1 May 2010.
12. Monilea nucleus (Philippi, 1849) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 1 May 2010.
13. Monilea obscura (Wood, 1828) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 1 May 2010.

Bibliography

• Dautzenberg, Ph. (1929). Mollusques testacés marins de Madagascar. Faune des Colonies Francaises, Tome III
• Iredale, T. (1929). Queensland molluscan notes, No. 1. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 9 : 261-297, pl. 30-31.
• Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F. (1962). A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Memoirs of the Australian Museum. 11
• Wilson, B., 1993. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Odyssey Publishing, Kallaroo, WA
• Williams S.T., Karube S. & Ozawa T. (2008) Molecular systematics of Vetigastropoda: Trochidae, Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined. Zoologica Scripta 37: 483–506