| Monocephalus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Monocephalus cf. fuscipes | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Linyphiidae |
| Genus: | Monocephalus Smith, 1906 [1] |
| Type species | |
| M. fuscipes (Blackwall, 1836) | |
| Species | |
2, see text | |
Monocephalus is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by F. P. Smith in 1906. [2]
As of May 2019 [update] it contains two species: [1]
Wolf spiders are members of the family Lycosidae, from the Ancient Greek word "λύκος" meaning "wolf". They are robust and agile hunters with excellent eyesight. They live mostly in solitude and hunt alone, and do not spin webs. Some are opportunistic hunters, pouncing upon prey as they find it or even chasing it over short distances. Some wait for passing prey in or near the mouth of a burrow.
Ground spiders comprise Gnaphosidae, the seventh largest spider family with nearly 2,000 described species in over 100 genera distributed worldwide. There are 105 species known to central Europe, and common genera include Gnaphosa, Drassodes, Micaria, Cesonia, Zelotes and many others. They are closely related to Clubionidae. At present, no ground spiders are known to be seriously venomous to humans.
Linyphiidae is a family of very small spiders comprising 4694 described species in 623 genera worldwide. This makes Linyphiidae the second largest family of spiders after the Salticidae. The family is poorly known; new genera and species are still being discovered throughout the world. The newest such genus is Himalafurca from Nepal, formally described in April 2021 by Tanasevitch. Because of the difficulty in identifying such tiny spiders, there are regular changes in taxonomy as species are combined or divided.
Philaeus is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1869. Philaeus maoniuensis was moved to genus Yllenus in 2003.
Phintella is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by W. Bösenberg & Embrik Strand in 1906.
Phlegra is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1876. The name is a reference to a mythical location in both Greek and Roman mythology.
Ceratinella is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by James Henry Emerton in 1882. They are very similar to both Ceraticelus and Idionella, and the taxonomy of these spiders may change.
Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae Currently, 1,010 species have been identified. The term tarantula is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas". Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
Parasteatoda is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (παρά), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus Steatoda. The Japanese name for this genus is O-himogumo zoku.
Semljicola is a genus of sheet weavers that was first described by Embrik Strand in 1906.
Lessertia is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by F. P. Smith in 1908. As of May 2019 it contains only two species, both found in Algeria, Canada, Morocco, New Zealand, Portugal, Spain, and Turkey: L. barbara and L. dentichelis.
Agyneta is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by J. E. Hull in 1911.
Echemella is a genus of African ground spiders that was first described by Embrik Strand in 1906.
Hypselistes is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1894.
Microctenonyx is a genus of dwarf spiders that was first described by Friedrich Dahl in 1886.
Saaristoa is a genus of sheet weavers that was first described by Alfred Frank Millidge in 1978.
Paidiscura is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1950.
Megadictynidae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1967. They are endemic to New Zealand.