Mount Lamarck

Last updated
Mount Lamarck
Upper Lamarck Lake.jpg
Northwest aspect from Upper Lamarck Lake.
(Peak 12,373, Mt. Lamarck, North Lamarck)
Highest point
Elevation 13,417 ft (4,090 m) [1]
Prominence 97 ft (30 m) [1]
Parent peak Peak 13464 (Mt. Lamarck North) [2]
Isolation 0.21 mi (0.34 km) [2]
Listing Sierra Peaks Section
Coordinates 37°11′42″N118°40′14″W / 37.1948699°N 118.6706147°W / 37.1948699; -118.6706147 Coordinates: 37°11′42″N118°40′14″W / 37.1948699°N 118.6706147°W / 37.1948699; -118.6706147 [3]
Naming
Etymology Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Geography
Relief map of California.png
Red triangle with thick white border.svg
Mount Lamarck
Location in California
Usa edcp relief location map.png
Red triangle with thick white border.svg
Mount Lamarck
Mount Lamarck (the United States)
Location Kings Canyon National Park
Fresno County / Inyo County
California, U.S.
Parent range Sierra Nevada
Evolution Crest [1]
Topo map USGS Mount Darwin
Geology
Age of rock Cretaceous
Mountain type Fault block
Type of rock granitic
Climbing
First ascent 1925
Easiest route class 2 [2] Southeast slope

Mount Lamarck is a 13,417-foot-elevation (4,090 meter) mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in northern California, United States. [3] It is situated on the shared boundary of Kings Canyon National Park with John Muir Wilderness, and along the common border of Fresno County with Inyo County. It is 20 miles (32 km) southwest of the community of Bishop, and 1.9 miles (3.1 km) north of Mount Darwin. Subsidiary peak Mount Lamarck North (13,464 feet/4104 meters) ranks as the 67th highest summit in California, and the sixth highest in the Evolution Region. [4] [1] Topographic relief is significant as the east aspect rises 4,290 feet (1,307 meters) above Lake Sabrina in three miles, and the west aspect rises 3,600 feet (1,097 meters) above Evolution Valley in three miles.

Contents

History

In 1895, Sierra Club explorer Theodore S. Solomons named a group of mountains in the Sierra Nevada after exponents of Darwin's theory of evolution. [5] [6] These six peaks are now known collectively as the Evolution Group. [7] The peaks were named after Charles Darwin, John Fiske, Alfred Russel Wallace, Herbert Spencer, Ernst Haeckel and Thomas Henry Huxley.

This mountain's name was officially adopted in 1911 by the United States Board on Geographic Names, based on a suggestion by Grove Karl Gilbert, to honor French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744–1829), an early proponent of the idea that biological evolution occurred in accordance with natural laws. [3] [8]

The first ascent of the summit was made via the south slope on August 15, 1925, by Norman Clyde, who is credited with 130 first ascents, most of which were in the Sierra Nevada. [9] [10]

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Mount Lamarck is located in an alpine climate zone. [11] Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Sierra Nevada mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the range (orographic lift). The climate supports a small glacier in the cirque below Lamarck's steep northern cliffs. Precipitation runoff from this mountain drains northeast into Lamarck Creek which is a tributary to Bishop Creek, and west into Evolution Creek, which is a San Joaquin River tributary.

See also

Sunrise at North Lake, with Lamarck slightly left of center in back North Lake Sunrise - Flickr - Jaykhuang.jpg
Sunrise at North Lake, with Lamarck slightly left of center in back

Related Research Articles

Mount Thompson (California)

Mount Thompson is a 13,494-foot-elevation mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in California, United States. It is situated on the shared boundary of Kings Canyon National Park with John Muir Wilderness, and along the common border of Fresno County with Inyo County. It is also 18 miles (29 km) west of the community of Big Pine, one mile northwest of Mount Gilbert, and three miles east of Mount Fiske, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Mount Thompson ranks as the 62nd-highest summit in California. This mountain's name commemorates Almon Harris Thompson (1839–1906). The first ascent of the peak was made by Clarence H. Rhudy and H. F. Katzenbach in the summer of 1909.

Mount Fiske

Mount Fiske is a 13,503-foot-elevation mountain summit located near the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Fresno County of northern California, United States. It is situated in northern Kings Canyon National Park, 23 miles (37 km) west of the community of Big Pine, 0.83 miles (1.34 km) east of Mount Huxley, and two miles south of Mount Darwin, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Mount Fiske ranks as the 60th highest summit in California.

Mount Gayley

Mount Gayley is a 13,510-foot-elevation mountain summit located one mile east of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Inyo County, California, United States. It is situated in the Palisades area of the John Muir Wilderness, on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is approximately 13 miles (21 km) west-southwest of the community of Big Pine, 0.67 miles (1.08 km) southwest of Temple Crag, and 0.5 miles (0.80 km) north-northeast of parent Mount Sill. Mount Gayley ranks as the 59th highest summit in California.

Mount Haeckel

Mount Haeckel is a 13,418-foot-elevation mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in northern California, United States. It is situated on the shared boundary of Kings Canyon National Park with John Muir Wilderness, and along the common border of Fresno County with Inyo County. It is 21.5 miles (34.6 km) west of the community of Big Pine, 1.27 miles (2.04 km) south-southeast of Mount Darwin, and one mile north-northeast of Mount Fiske, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Mount Haeckel ranks as the 71st highest summit in California.

Cloudripper

Cloudripper is a 13,525-foot-elevation mountain summit located two miles east of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Inyo County of northern California, United States. It is situated in the Palisades area of the John Muir Wilderness, on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is approximately 14 miles (23 km) west of the community of Big Pine, 1.1 miles (1.8 km) north-northeast of Picture Puzzle, and 2.1 miles (3.4 km) south of parent Mount Agassiz. Cloudripper ranks as the 58th highest summit in California, and the highest point of the Inconsolable Range.

Picture Puzzle

Picture Puzzle, also known as Picture Puzzle Peak, is a 13,297-foot-elevation mountain summit located one mile east of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Inyo County of northern California, United States. It is situated in the Palisades area of the John Muir Wilderness, on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is approximately 14.5 miles (23.3 km) west of the community of Big Pine, one mile north of Bishop Pass, 1.2 miles (1.9 km) north-northwest of Mount Agassiz, and 1.1 miles (1.8 km) south-southwest of parent Cloudripper. Picture Puzzle ranks as the 90th highest summit in California, and the third highest peak of the Inconsolable Range.

North Guard

North Guard is a remote 13,327-foot-elevation mountain summit located near the northern end of the Great Western Divide of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Tulare County of northern California. It is situated in Kings Canyon National Park, 0.9 miles (1.4 km) southeast of Mount Farquhar, and 0.6 miles (0.97 km) north-northwest of Mount Brewer, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Topographic relief is significant as the east aspect rises 3,858 feet (1,176 meters) above East Lake in three miles. North Guard ranks as the 87th highest summit in California, and the second highest point of the northern Great Western Divide. It's not as high as Mount Brewer, but offers better climbing and is considered one of the classic climbing routes in the Sierra Nevada.

Independence Peak (California)

Independence Peak is an 11,742-foot-elevation mountain summit located one mile east of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Inyo County of northern California. It is situated immediately south of Onion Valley on the eastern boundary of John Muir Wilderness, on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is also 8 miles (13 km) west-southwest of the community of Independence, and 1.9 miles (3.1 km) northeast of parent University Peak. Topographic relief is significant as the north aspect rises 3,600 feet (1,100 meters) above Onion Valley in one mile. Independence Peak can be climbed via the north slope from Onion Valley. The first ascent of the summit was made in 1926 by Norman Clyde, who is credited with 130 first ascents, most of which were in the Sierra Nevada. He climbed this peak three times in 1926, and twice in 1927. He was principal of the high school in Independence from 1924 to 1928, which provided him access to this nearest peak to his home.

The Hermit (California mountain)

The Hermit is a 12,328-foot-elevation mountain summit located west of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Fresno County of northern California, United States. It is situated in northern Kings Canyon National Park, 2.5 miles (4.0 km) east of Emerald Peak, and 2.5 miles (4.0 km) west of Mount Darwin. Topographic relief is significant as the north aspect rises 2,500 feet (762 meters) above Evolution Valley in less than one mile. The John Muir Trail passes to the east and north of this landmark, providing an approach. This geographical feature was named by Sierra Club explorer Theodore Solomons in 1895 as he wrote: "The traveler will be greatly attracted by a very sharp peak or butte that rises on the south wall. From its isolated position as viewed from the valley we called it the Hermit."

Kearsarge Peak

Kearsarge Peak is a 12,615-foot-elevation (3,845 meter) mountain summit located less than two miles east of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Inyo County of northern California. It is situated immediately northwest of Onion Valley in the John Muir Wilderness, on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is also 8.5 miles (13.7 km) west of the community of Independence, and 2.1 miles (3.4 km) north-northwest of Independence Peak. Topographic relief is significant as the east aspect rises 5,250 feet (1,600 meters) above Onion Valley in two miles.

Thor Peak (California)

Thor Peak is a 12,306-foot-elevation (3,751 meter) mountain summit located east of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Inyo County, California. It is situated in the John Muir Wilderness on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is 12.5 miles (20.1 km) west of the community of Lone Pine, and 1.5 mile east of Mount Whitney. Topographic relief is significant as it rises 3,937 feet (1,200 meters) above Whitney Portal in 1.5 mile. Hikers on the Mount Whitney Trail pass below the impressive south face of the peak.

Parker Peak (California)

Parker Peak is a 12,861-foot-elevation mountain summit located in the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Mono County of northern California, United States. It is situated in the Ansel Adams Wilderness, on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is approximately 7.0 miles (11.3 km) northwest of the community of June Lake, 1.2 miles (1.9 km) east of Yosemite National Park's eastern boundary, and 1.0 mile (1.6 km) east of Koip Peak, the nearest higher neighbor. The mountain is visible from the June Lake Loop, and from the nearby June Mountain ski area. Topographic relief is significant as it rises over 5,700 feet (1,737 meters) above Grant Lake in four miles. The peak's name is derived from Parker Creek, which in turn was named after an early settler of Mono County. This geographical feature's name has been officially adopted by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. The first ascent of the summit was made in 1914 by Norman Clyde.

Mount Powell (California)

Mount Powell is a 13,364-foot-elevation mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in California, United States. It is situated on the shared boundary of Kings Canyon National Park with John Muir Wilderness, and along the common border of Fresno County with Inyo County. It is also 19 miles (31 km) west of the community of Big Pine, and 1.17 miles (1.88 km) west of Mount Thompson, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Mount Powell ranks as the 81st highest peak in California, and the 10th highest of the Evolution Region of the Sierra Nevada. The west summit is unofficially known as "Point John." Two other peaks on the mountain are informally called "Point Wesley" (13,356 ft) in the middle, and "Point Powell" (13,360+ ft) one-half mile to the east.

Mount Carillon

Mount Carillon is a 13,553-foot-elevation (4,131 meter) mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in California. It is situated on the common border of Tulare County with Inyo County, as well as the shared boundary of Sequoia National Park and John Muir Wilderness. It is set above the south shore of Tulainyo Lake, 12.5 miles (20.1 km) west of the community of Lone Pine, 1.25 mile (2.0 km) northeast of Mount Whitney, and 0.7 mile (1.1 km) east-northeast of Mount Russell, the nearest higher neighbor. Topographic relief is significant as it rises approximately 5,180 feet (1,580 meters) above Whitney Portal in approximately two miles. Carillon has subpeaks, unofficially called "The Cleaver", 0.4 mile to the northeast, and "Impala", on the southeast ridge.

Trojan Peak

Trojan Peak is a 13,947-foot-elevation (4,251 meter) mountain summit located along the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Inyo County, California. It is situated in the John Muir Wilderness, on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is 15 miles (24 km) west-northwest of the community of Lone Pine, 0.7 mile (1.1 km) southeast of Mount Versteeg, and one mile (1.6 km) south-southwest of Mount Williamson, the nearest higher neighbor. Trojan Peak ranks as the 18th highest peak in California. Topographic relief is significant as it rises 1,427 feet (435 meters) above Lake Helen of Troy in approximately one-half mile.

Mount Bago

Mount Bago is an 11,870-foot-elevation (3,618 meter) mountain summit located west of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in the southeast corner of Fresno County, in northern California. It is situated in Kings Canyon National Park, 14 miles (23 km) west of the community of Independence, 2.3 miles west of the Kearsarge Pinnacles, and 2.4 miles southwest of Mount Rixford. Topographic relief is significant as the south aspect rises 3,675 feet (1,120 meters) above Junction Meadow in one mile. The John Muir Trail passes to the northeast of this remote geographical feature. The first ascent of the summit was made July 11, 1896, by Joseph Nisbet LeConte and Wilson S. Gould.

Goodale Mountain

Goodale Mountain is a 12,772-foot-elevation (3,893 meter) mountain summit located one mile east of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Inyo County of northern California. It is situated less than two miles southeast of Taboose Pass in the John Muir Wilderness, on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is also 16.5 miles (26.6 km) northwest of the community of Independence, and one mile northeast of Striped Mountain, the nearest higher neighbor. Topographic relief is significant as the east aspect rises 7,200 feet (2,200 meters) above Owens Valley in 3.5 miles. It ranks as the 218th highest peak in California.

Mount Baldwin (California)

Mount Baldwin is a 12,614-foot-elevation mountain summit located in the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Mono County of northern California, United States. It is situated in the John Muir Wilderness on land managed by Inyo National Forest. It is four miles north of Red and White Mountain, and approximately 10.5 miles (16.9 km) southeast of the community of Mammoth Lakes. The nearest higher neighbor is Red Slate Mountain, 2 miles (3.2 km) to the south-southwest. Baldwin ranks as the 257th highest summit in California. Topographic relief is significant as the east aspect rises 3,775 feet (1,150 meters) above McGee Canyon in 1.5 mile. The first ascent of the summit was made July 2, 1928, by Norman Clyde, who is credited with 130 first ascents, most of which were in the Sierra Nevada.

Mount Gilbert (California)

Mount Gilbert is a 13,106-foot-elevation mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in California, United States. It is situated on the shared boundary of Kings Canyon National Park with John Muir Wilderness, and along the common border of Fresno County with Inyo County. It is also 18 miles (29 km) west of the community of Big Pine, 0.8 mile northwest of Mount Johnson, and one mile southeast of Mount Thompson, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Mount Gilbert ranks as the 127th-highest summit in California. Topographic relief is significant as the south aspect rises 3,900 feet (1,190 meters) above LeConte Canyon in less than two miles, and the north aspect rises 3,340 feet above South Lake in 2.5 miles.

Mount Wallace (Fresno and Inyo counties, California)

Mount Wallace is a 13,377-foot-elevation mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in northern California, United States. It is situated on the shared boundary of Kings Canyon National Park with John Muir Wilderness, and along the common border of Fresno County with Inyo County. It is 21 miles (34 km) west of the community of Big Pine, 1.38 miles (2.22 km) northwest of Mount Powell, 0.5 miles (0.80 km) southwest of Picture Peak, and 0.37 miles (0.60 km) southeast of Mount Haeckel, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Mount Wallace ranks as the 79th-highest summit in California, and the ninth-highest in the Evolution Region.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Mount Lamarck, California". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2021-05-23.
  2. 1 2 3 "Lamarck, Mount - 13,417' CA". listsofjohn.com. Retrieved 2021-05-23.
  3. 1 2 3 "Mount Lamarck". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey . Retrieved 2021-05-23.
  4. ↑ "13464 - CA". listsofjohn.com. Retrieved 2021-05-23.
  5. ↑ Francis Peloubet Farquhar, Exploration of the Sierra Nevada, 1925, California Historical Society, page 47.
  6. ↑ Browning, Peter (1986). Place Names of the Sierra Nevada. Berkeley: Wilderness Press. p.  67. ISBN   0-89997-119-9.
  7. ↑ Peter Browning, Place Names of the Sierra Nevada From Abbot to Zumwalt, 1986, Wilderness Press, ISBN   9780899970479, page 89.
  8. ↑ Erwin G. Gudde, California Place Names, University of California Press, 1969, ISBN   9780520266193, page 202.
  9. ↑ Norman Clyde - Mountaineer, Owensvalleyhistory.com
  10. ↑ R. J. Secor, The High Sierra Peaks, Passes, Trails, 2009, Third Edition, Mountaineers Books, ISBN   9781594857386, page 310.
  11. ↑ Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen−Geiger climate classification". Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11. ISSN   1027-5606.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.