Mount Lincoln (Washington)

Mount Lincoln
Mount Lincoln
	Southeast aspect of Mt. Lincoln (left of center); (Mt. Cruiser to right. Viewed from Mt. Ellinor)
Highest point
Elevation	5,868 ft (1,789 m)
Prominence	508 ft (155 m)
Parent peak	Mount Cruiser (6,104 ft)
Isolation	1.12 mi (1.80 km)
Coordinates	47°33′00″N123°19′40″W / 47.5501135°N 123.3278846°W
Geography
	Mount Lincoln Location of Mount Lincoln in Washington Mount Lincoln Mount Lincoln (the United States)
Location	Olympic National Park ; Mason County, Washington, US
Parent range	Olympic Mountains
Topo map	USGS Mount Skokomish
Geology
Age of rock	Eocene
Type of rock	Basalt
Climbing
First ascent	1932 by Ken Soult, F.S. Harmon
Easiest route	class 2 South ridge

Last updated June 21, 2023

Mount Lincoln is a 5,868-foot (1,789-meter) mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Mason County of Washington state.^[3] It is situated on the boundary shared by Daniel J. Evans Wilderness and Mount Skokomish Wilderness, as well as the shared common border of Olympic National Park with Olympic National Forest. Lincoln is the second-highest point on Sawtooth Ridge, and the nearest higher neighbor is Mount Cruiser, 1.1 mi (1.8 km) to the northeast.^[4] Lincoln has two sub-peaks: a North Peak (5,690 ft; 1,730 m), and a Southwest Peak (5,486 ft; 1,672 m).^[4] Flapjack Lakes lie immediately west below the north sub-peak. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 5,100 feet (1,600 m) above the Staircase Ranger Station at Lake Cushman in approximately two miles. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the North Fork Skokomish River, and partly into Mildred Lakes, thence Hamma Hamma River.

Climate

Mount Lincoln is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America.^[5] Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Olympic Mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Olympic Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall (Orographic lift). As a result, the Olympics experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer. Because of maritime influence, snow tends to be wet and heavy, resulting in avalanche danger. The months May through October offer the most favorable weather for climbing or viewing.

History

It is unknown who named the mountain or nearby Lincoln Creek, but it's presumed to honor President Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865), the 16th president of the United States.^[6] In 1862 during the Civil War, President Lincoln by executive order designated the nearby townsite of Port Angeles for a military and naval reserve.

The peak was probably climbed in 1890 by an exploratory party of the Second O'Neil Expedition. As the sun was setting, they reached a summit and were overwhelmed by the grandeur of the country that stretched before them. Inspired by the view, botanist Louis Henderson described the view:^[7]

"A more magnificent scene had never presented itself to my eyes, and I doubt whether anything in the higher Alps or the grand ice-mountains of Alaska could outrival that view... Canyon mingled with canyon, peak rose above peak, ridge succeeded ridge, until they culminated in old Olympus far to the northwest; snow, west, north and south; the fast descending sun bringing out the gorgeous colors of pale-blue, lavender, purple, ash, pink and gold. Add to this the delightful warmth of a summer sun in these altitudes — the awful stillness broken every now and then by the no less awful thunder of some distant avalanche — a fearful precipice just before us down which a single step in advance would hurl us hundreds of feet and one can form some slight idea of the reasons that compelled us to gaze and be silent."

The first documented ascent of the summit was made in 1932 by Ken Soult and F.S. Harmon.^[1]

Climbing routes

Established scrambling routes on Mt. Lincoln:^[8]

via the south ridge – class 2
via Flapjack Lake and north ridge – class 3
via Harniss Chute – class 3

Geology

The Olympic Mountains are composed of obducted clastic wedge material and oceanic crust, primarily Eocene sandstone, turbidite, and basaltic oceanic crust.^[9] The mountains were sculpted during the Pleistocene era by erosion and glaciers advancing and retreating multiple times.

Related Research Articles

Mount Washington is a 6,260-foot-tall (1,910 m) peak in the Olympic Mountains of Washington state. The mountain is located in the Mount Skokomish Wilderness.

Mount Constance is a peak in the Olympic Mountains of Washington and the third highest in the range. It is the most visually prominent peak on Seattle's western skyline. Despite being almost as tall as the ice-clad Mount Olympus to the west, Mount Constance has little in the way of glaciers and permanent snow because the eastern, and particularly this northeastern, portion of the Olympics receives far less precipitation. However the narrow and steep Crystal Glacier still exists on the mountain's north face, shaded by the bulk of the main peak and with a small lake at its terminus. In addition, the treeline is higher here than mountains to the west, also hinting at the drier alpine conditions.

Mount Skokomish Wilderness is a designated wilderness area in the southeast portion of Olympic National Forest on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington in the United States. The wilderness area comprises 13,291 acres (5,379 ha) administered by the U.S. Forest Service.

Mount Stone is a 6,612-foot (2,015 m) peak in the Olympic Mountains. It is the highest point in Mason County, Washington and exceeds 2,000 feet (610 m) in prominence.

Mount Pershing is a 6,154 ft massif in the Olympic Mountains and is located in Mason County of Washington state. It is situated in the Mount Skokomish Wilderness on land managed by Olympic National Forest. The mountain's name honors General of the Armies John J. Pershing (1860–1948). The nearest higher neighbor is Mount Washington, 1.45 mi (2.33 km) to the south-southeast. Precipitation runoff drains into the Hamma Hamma River.

Mount Skokomish is a 6,434 ft mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Mason County of Washington state. It is situated on the shared boundary of Olympic National Park with Mount Skokomish Wilderness, and is the highest point of the wilderness. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Stone, 1.66 mi (2.67 km) to the northeast. It is visible on the Olympic skyline from as far away as Seattle. Mt. Skokomish has three summits, the south peak being the highest. Precipitation runoff drains into the Hamma Hamma River and Skokomish River. Like the river, the mountain's name honors the Skokomish people.

Mount Walkinshaw is a 7,378 feet (2,249 m) mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Jefferson County of Washington state. It is situated within Olympic National Park, and is the northernmost peak in The Needles range, which is a subset of the Olympic range. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Clark, 0.9 mi (1.4 km) to the south, and Gray Wolf Ridge arcs to the northeast. Mount Walkinshaw is set in the eastern portion of the Olympic Mountains within the drainage basin of the Dungeness River. This position puts it in the rain shadow of the Olympic Range, resulting in less precipitation than Mount Olympus and the western Olympics receive.

Mount Henderson is a 6,003 ft mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Mason County of Washington state. It is situated on the shared boundary of Olympic National Park with Mount Skokomish Wilderness. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Skokomish, 0.91 mi (1.46 km) to the east-northeast. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into the Hamma Hamma River and Skokomish River. The mountain's name honors Louis Forniquet Henderson (1853-1942), a pioneering botanist and mountaineer who accompanied Lieutenant O'Neil on his 1890 expedition into the Olympic Mountains.

Mount Cruiser is a 6,104-foot-elevation (1,860-meter) mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Mason County of Washington state. It is situated in Mount Skokomish Wilderness on land managed by Olympic National Forest. Cruiser is the highest point on Sawtooth Ridge, and its nearest higher peak is Mount Skokomish, 2.1 mi (3.4 km) to the north-northeast. Cruiser has two sub-peaks, Alpha, and Beta, the latter of which lies on the Olympic National Park boundary. The first ascent of the peak was made in 1937 by Paul Crews and Ray Layton. The mountain was named by the first ascent party to recognize their club, the Bremerton Ski Cruisers. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1961 by the United States Board on Geographic Names. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into the Hamma Hamma River.

Martin Peak is a mountain summit in the Olympic Mountains and is located in Jefferson County of Washington state. It is located within Olympic National Park. At 7,638 feet (2,328 m) high, Martin Peak is the seventh-highest peak of the Olympic Mountains, and the second-highest peak in The Needles range, which is a subset of the Olympic range. Its nearest higher neighbor is Mount Johnson, 0.53 mi (0.85 km) to the north-northwest. Precipitation runoff from this peak drains west into headwaters of Gray Wolf River, or east into Royal Creek, both of which are part of the Dungeness River drainage basin. Martin Peak was given its name based on the first ascent in 1940 by George W. Martin (1901–1970), and Elvin Johnson.

Little Big Chief Mountain is a 7,225-foot (2,202-metre) mountain summit located immediately southwest of Dutch Miller Gap, on the common border separating King County and Kittitas County in Washington state. It is situated within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, on land managed by Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. Little Big Chief Mountain is set ten miles northeast of Snoqualmie Pass on the crest of the Cascade Range. Precipitation runoff from the west side of the mountain drains into tributaries of the Snoqualmie River, whereas the east side drains into tributaries of the Yakima River. The nearest higher peak is Summit Chief Mountain, 0.7 miles (1.1 km) to the southwest, and Chimney Rock is set 2.2 miles (3.5 km) to the southwest. The first ascent of this peak was made in August 1939 by Fred Beckey, Wayne Swift, Joe Barto, and Campbell Brooks. This mountain was named for Lorenz A. Nelson during the 1925 Mountaineers climb of Summit Chief Mountain. Nelson was a pioneering mountaineer who led first ascents of Mount Olympus, Mount Meany, and Chiwawa Mountain.

Mount Lena is a 5,995-foot-elevation mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Jefferson County of Washington state. It is situated within Olympic National Park, immediately north and 1,500 feet above the shore of Upper Lena Lake. Mt. Lena has a subsidiary peak, East Peak (5800+ ft/1768+ m), which lies northeast of the lake. Mount Bretherton lies across the lake to the south, Mount Stone is three miles to the southwest, and The Brothers approximately 3.5 miles to the northeast. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains north to the Duckabush River, and south into the Hamma Hamma River via Lena Creek. The non-technical ascent of Mount Lena involves hiking eight miles (one-way) and 5,300 feet elevation gain via the Upper Lena Lake Trail and cross-country above the lake, with most favorable conditions from July through September. There are pleasant campsites at the lake, and the ascent to the summit takes 1.5 hour from the lake. This mountain's name has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

Mount Bretherton is a 5,960-foot-elevation (1,820-meter) mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Jefferson County of Washington state. It is situated within Olympic National Park, immediately south and 1,400 feet above the shore of Upper Lena Lake. Mount Lena lies across the lake to the north, Mount Stone is 2.8 miles to the west-southwest, and The Brothers approximately four miles to the northeast. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains south to the Hamma Hamma River via Boulder, Delta, and Lena Creeks. Topographic relief is significant as it rises over 5,100 feet above the river in two miles. The non-technical ascent of Mount Bretherton involves hiking eight miles (one-way) and 5,300 feet elevation gain via the Upper Lena Lake Trail and cross-country above the lake, with most favorable conditions from July through September. There are pleasant campsites at the lake, and the ascent to the summit takes two hours from the lake. This mountain's name has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

Mount Steel is a 6,225-foot-elevation (1,897-meter) mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Jefferson County of Washington state. It is situated in Olympic National Park and the Daniel J. Evans Wilderness. The nearest higher neighbor is Mount Duckabush, 1.36 mi (2.19 km) to the southwest. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains south into tributaries of the North Fork Skokomish River, and north into headwaters of the Duckabush River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 3,400 feet (1,036 m) above the Duckabush River in approximately one mile.

O'Neil Peak is a 5,758-foot-elevation (1,755-meter) mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Jefferson County of Washington state. It is situated in Olympic National Park and the Daniel J. Evans Wilderness. The nearest higher neighbor is Mount Duckabush, 1.6 mi (2.6 km) to the east-northeast, and O'Neil Pass lies 1.5-mile to the northeast. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Quinault River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 4,300 feet (1,310 m) above the Quinault River in approximately 1.5-mile, and 2,700 feet above O'Neil Creek in one-half-mile.

Mount Barnes is a 5,987-foot (1,825-metre) mountain summit located within Olympic National Park in Jefferson County of Washington state. Mount Barnes is part of the Bailey Range, which is a subrange of the Olympic Mountains, and is set within the Daniel J. Evans Wilderness. Neighbors include Mount Queets, 1.7 mi (2.7 km) to the southwest, and Mount Olympus is set 6.2 mi (10.0 km) to the west. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains west into the Queets River, south into headwaters of the Elwha River, and northeast into Goldie River which is a tributary of the Elwha. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 3,200 feet (975 m) above Elwha Basin in approximately two miles.

Mount Rose is a 4,301-foot-elevation (1,311 meter) mountain summit located in the southeast portion of the Olympic Mountains, in Mason County of Washington state. It is situated in the Mount Skokomish Wilderness, on land managed by Olympic National Forest. The nearest higher neighbor is line parent Copper Mountain, 1.2 mi (1.9 km) to the north, and Mount Ellinor is 1.7 mi (2.7 km) to the northeast. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Lake Cushman, and topographic relief is significant as the summit rises approximately 3,600 feet (1,100 m) above the lake in less than one mile. Old-growth forests of Douglas fir, western hemlock, and western redcedar grow on the slopes surrounding the peak. In 2006, the Bear Gulch Fire scorched 750 acres of forest on the slopes of Mount Rose from lake level to the summit. Access to the summit is via the 3.2-mile-long Mt. Rose Trail which gains 3,500 feet of elevation.

Copper Mountain is a 5,425-foot (1,654 m) mountain summit located in the southeast portion of the Olympic Mountains, in Mason County of Washington state. It is situated on the boundary shared by Daniel J. Evans Wilderness and Mount Skokomish Wilderness, as well as the shared common border of Olympic National Park with Olympic National Forest. The nearest higher neighbor is Mount Ellinor, 1.67 miles (2.69 km) to the east. Wagonwheel Lake lies immediately north of the peak. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises nearly 4,700 feet (1,400 m) above the Staircase Ranger Station at Lake Cushman in approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km). Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains north into the Hamma Hamma River, and south into the North Fork Skokomish River, thence Lake Cushman.

Jefferson Peak is a 5,720-foot (1,740 m) mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains in Mason County of Washington state. It is situated in the Mount Skokomish Wilderness, on land managed by Olympic National Forest. The mountain's name honors Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826), the third president of the United States. The nearest higher neighbor is line parent Mount Pershing, 1.3 mi (2.1 km) to the southwest. Precipitation runoff drains into Jefferson Creen and the Hamma Hamma River. Topographic relief is significant as the north aspect rises over 4,100 feet (1,200 m) above the Hamma Hamma valley in approximately one mile.

Maiden Peak is a 6,434-foot (1,961 m) summit located in Olympic National Park, in Clallam County of Washington state. It is part of the Olympic Mountains and is situated near the eastern end of Hurricane Ridge within the Daniel J. Evans Wilderness. The nearest higher neighbor is Elk Mountain, 1.62 mi (2.61 km) to the west-southwest, and Blue Mountain is set 3.14 mi (5.05 km) to the east-northeast. The peak is set approximately midway along the trail which connects Deer Park and Obstruction Point. Precipitation runoff from the south slope of the mountain drains into Grand Creek, whereas the north slope is drained by Maiden Creek, and all ultimately reaches the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 3,000 feet (910 m) above Grand Creek in one mile. This landform's name was officially adopted in 1961 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. One story has the origin of the name being derived from nearby Maiden Lake where young men and women camped around 1913, and the other being from a group of hikers that passed this area.

References

1 2 3 4 Mount Lincoln, climbersguideolympics.com
1 2 "Lincoln, Mount – 5,868' WA". listsofjohn.com. Retrieved January 8, 2022.
1 2 "Mount Lincoln". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved January 8, 2022.
1 2 "Mount Lincoln, Washington". Peakbagger.com.
↑ Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen−Geiger climate classification". Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11. ISSN 1027-5606.
↑ Parratt, Smitty (1984). Gods and Goblins: A Field Guide to Place Names of Olympic National Park (1st ed.).
↑ Gail E. H. Evans, T. Allan Comp, 1983, Olympic Historic Resource Study, nps.gov
↑ Olympic Mountain Rescue, Olympic Mountains: A Climbing Guide, 4th Edition, 2006, Mountaineers Books, ISBN 9780898862065, page 77.
↑ Alt, D.D.; Hyndman, D.W. (1984). Roadside Geology of Washington. pp. 249–259. ISBN 0-87842-160-2.

External links

Mt. Lincoln photo: Flickr
"Olympic National Park". National Park Service.
Mount Skokomish Wilderness U.S. Forest Service

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[cgo-1] 1 2 3 4 Mount Lincoln, climbersguideolympics.com

[listsofjohn-2] 1 2 "Lincoln, Mount – 5,868' WA". listsofjohn.com. Retrieved January 8, 2022.

[gnis-3] 1 2 "Mount Lincoln". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved January 8, 2022.

[pb-4] 1 2 "Mount Lincoln, Washington". Peakbagger.com.

[Peel-5] Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen−Geiger climate classification". Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11. ISSN 1027-5606.

[Parratt-6] Parratt, Smitty (1984). Gods and Goblins: A Field Guide to Place Names of Olympic National Park (1st ed.).

[7] Gail E. H. Evans, T. Allan Comp, 1983, Olympic Historic Resource Study, nps.gov

[8] Olympic Mountain Rescue, Olympic Mountains: A Climbing Guide, 4th Edition, 2006, Mountaineers Books, ISBN 9780898862065, page 77.

[Alt-9] Alt, D.D.; Hyndman, D.W. (1984). Roadside Geology of Washington. pp. 249–259. ISBN 0-87842-160-2.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]