Messier 61 is an intermediate barred spiral galaxy in the Virgo Cluster of galaxies. It was first discovered by Barnaba Oriani on May 5, 1779, six days before Charles Messier discovered the same galaxy. Messier had observed it on the same night as Oriani but had mistaken it for a comet. Its distance has been estimated to be 45.61 million light years from the Milky Way Galaxy. It is a member of the M61 Group of galaxies, which is a member of the Virgo II Groups, a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the southern edge of the Virgo Supercluster.
Messier 66 or M66, also known as NGC 3627, is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the southern, equatorial half of Leo. It was discovered by French astronomer Charles Messier on 1 March 1780, who described it as "very long and very faint". This galaxy is a member of a small group of galaxies that includes M65 and NGC 3628, known as the Leo Triplet or the M66 Group. M65 and M66 are a common object for amateur astronomic observation, being separated by only 20′.
NGC 1559 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Reticulum. It is also a Seyfert galaxy. Although it was originally thought to be a member of the Dorado Group, subsequent observations have shown that it is in fact not a member of any galaxy group or cluster and does not have any nearby companions. NGC 1559 has massive spiral arms and strong star formation. It contains a small bar which is oriented nearly east-west and spans 40″. Its bar and disc are the source of very strong radio emissions.
NGC 772 is an unbarred spiral galaxy approximately 130 million light-years away in the constellation Aries.
Arp 299 is a pair of colliding galaxies approximately 134 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. Both of the galaxies involved in the collision are barred irregular galaxies.
Arp 271 is a pair of similarly sized interacting spiral galaxies, NGC 5426 and NGC 5427, in the constellation of Virgo. It is not certain whether the galaxies are going to eventually collide or not. They will continue interacting for tens of millions of years, creating new stars as a result of the mutual gravitational attraction between the galaxies, a pull seen in the bridge of stars already connecting the two. Located about 130 million light-years away, the Arp 271 pair is about 130,000 light-years across. It was originally discovered in 1785 by William Herschel. It is speculated, that the Milky Way will undergo a similar collision in about five billion years with the neighbouring Andromeda Galaxy, which is currently located about 2.6 million light-years away.
NGC 51 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Andromeda. It has a diameter of 90,000 light-years. The galaxy was discovered on September 7, 1885, by Lewis Swift, who described it as "Pretty faint, pretty small, round, brighter middle."
NGC 6560 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Hercules. It was discovered by Lewis A. Swift on 22 October 1886.
NGC 908 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1786 by William Herschel. This galaxy is 56 million light years away from Earth. It is the main galaxy in the NGC 908 group, which also includes NGC 899, NGC 907, and IC 223.
NGC 1448 or NGC 1457 is an unbarred spiral galaxy seen nearly edge-on in the constellation Horologium. It is at a distance of 55 million light years from Earth. It was discovered by John Herschel in 1835.
NGC 1961 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis. It was discovered by William Herschel on 3 December 1788. It is at a distance of about 200 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 1961 is more than 220,000 light years across. The galaxy has been distorted, however no companion has been detected nor double nuclei that could show a recent merger. Its outer arms are highly irregular. Two long straight arms extent from the north side of the galaxy. A luminous X-ray corona has been detected around the galaxy. NGC 1961 is the central member of the small group of nine galaxies, the NGC 1961 group.
NGC 7038 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located about 210 million light-years away in the constellation of Indus. Astronomer John Herschel discovered NGC 7038 on September 30, 1834.
NGC 7053 is a spiral galaxy located about 200 million light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus. It was discovered by astronomer Albert Marth on September 2, 1863. It was then rediscovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on October 8, 1865.
NGC 4454 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 123 million light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. NGC 4454 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 17, 1784.
NGC 477 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda. It is located approximately 250 million light-years from Earth and was discovered on October 18, 1786 by astronomer William Herschel.
NGC 5018 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Virgo at an approximate distance of 132.51 Mly. NGC 5018 was discovered in 1788 by William Herschel.
NGC 5468 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is located at a distance of about 140 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5468 is about 110,000 light-years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 5, 1785.
NGC 7448 is a spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus. It is located at a distance of circa 80 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7448 is about 60,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on October 16, 1784. It is included in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies in the category galaxies with detached segments.
NGC 3172 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Minor. It is the closest NGC object to the north celestial pole. Discovered by John Herschel in 1831, it is about 285 million light-years away and about 85 thousand light-years across.
NGC 788 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in a sky survey by Wilhelm Herschel on September 10, 1785. Studies of NGC 788 indicate that it, while itself being classified as a Seyfert 2, contains an obscured Seyfert 1 nucleus, following the detection of a broad Hα emission line in the polarized flux spectrum. The observation also indicated the lowest radio luminosities observed in an obscured Seyfert 1.
