National Geological Monuments of the Philippines

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National Geological Monuments (NGM) is a declaration bestowed on landforms and features within Philippines possessing geological significance and uniqueness, as evaluated by the National Committee on Geological Sciences.

Contents

Background

St. Paul Limestone formation National Geological Monument (NGM) marker Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park geologic marker.jpg
St. Paul Limestone formation National Geological Monument (NGM) marker

The National Committee on Geological Sciences was created via Executive order no. 625 on October 8, 1980. This committee is under the Office of the President of the Philippines, which consists of 21 government agencies headed by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). [1]

Among the committee's programs was the establishment of National Geological Monuments, [1] [2] a declaration on landforms and geological features within the Philippines with high scientific, educational or aesthetic value worthy of protection, preservation and conservation. [3]

List

As of 2024, there are 7 declared National Geological Monuments in the Philippines. [4]

NGM nameLocationDate of declarationReference
WawaDamjf5989 08 WawaDamjf5989 08.JPG
WawaDamjf5989 08
Montalban Gorge
Rodriguez, Rizal September 10, 1983 [1] [5]
Taal volcano crater Taal Volcano aerial 2013.jpg
Taal volcano crater
Taal Volcano
Batangas Province June 18, 1988 [6]
Laoag Sand Dunes facing coast close-up (La Paz, Laoag, Ilocos Norte; 11-17-2022) Laoag Sand Dunes facing coast close-up (La Paz, Laoag, Ilocos Norte; 11-17-2022).jpg
Laoag Sand Dunes facing coast close-up (La Paz, Laoag, Ilocos Norte; 11–17–2022)
Ilocos Norte Sand dunes
Laoag, Ilocos Norte November 26, 1993 [7]
Chocolate Hills Bohol Chocolate Hills Bohol.JPG
Chocolate Hills Bohol
Chocolate Hills
Carmen, Batuan and Sagbayan, Bohol Island June 18, 1988 [8] [9]
A pieces of land in the islands of Hundred Islands, Pangasinan Hundred Islands National Park.jpg
A pieces of land in the islands of Hundred Islands, Pangasinan
Hundred Islands
Alaminos city, Pangasinan September 14, 2001 [1] [10]
Palawan Limestones near Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park Palawan Limestones near Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park.jpg
Palawan Limestones near Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park
St. Paul Limestone Formation
Puerto Princesa, Palawan December 11, 2003 [11]
Loon 7 earthquake Loon 7 earthquake.JPG
Loon 7 earthquake
Loon- Maribojoc Geological Monument
Loon and Maribojoc, Bohol Island May 14, 2015 [12] [4] [13]

Other considered sites

Threats and controversies

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bohol</span> Philippines province

Bohol, officially the Province of Bohol, is an island province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, consisting of the island itself and 75 minor surrounding islands. It is home to Boholano people. Its capital is Tagbilaran, the largest city of the province. With a land area of 4,821 km2 (1,861 sq mi) and a coastline 261 km (162 mi) long, Bohol is the tenth largest island of the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chocolate Hills</span> Geological formation in the Philippines

The Chocolate Hills are a geological formation in the Bohol province of the Philippines. There are at least 1,260 hills, but there may be as many as 1,776 hills spread over an area of more than 50 square kilometers (20 sq mi). They are covered in green grass that turns into a chocolate-like brown during the dry season, hence the name.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">International Union of Geological Sciences</span> International non-governmental organization

The International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) is an international non-governmental organization devoted to international cooperation in the field of geology. As of 2023, it represents more than 1 million geoscientists around the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Batuan, Bohol</span> Municipality in Bohol, Philippines

Batuan, officially the Municipality of Batuan, is a municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 13,845 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bilar, Bohol</span> Municipality in Bohol, Philippines

Bilar, officially the Municipality of Bilar, is a municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 18,512 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carmen, Bohol</span> Municipality in Bohol, Philippines

Carmen, officially the Municipality of Carmen, is a municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 49,191 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Loon, Bohol</span> Municipality in Bohol, Philippines

Loon, officially the Municipality of Loon, is a municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines which was established in 1753. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 44,224 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Panglao, Bohol</span> Municipality in Bohol, Philippines

Panglao, officially the Municipality of Panglao, is a municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 39,839 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sagbayan</span> Municipality in Bohol, Philippines

Sagbayan, officially the Municipality of Sagbayan, is a municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,335 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alamada</span> Municipality in Cotabato, Philippines

Alamada, officially the Municipality of Alamada, is a municipality in the province of Cotabato, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 68,659 people.

The European Geoparks Network (EGN) functions as the regional organization of the Global Geoparks Network (GGN) and the UNESCO International Geosciences and Geoparks Programme (UNESCO-IGGP). Its main objective is to ensure cooperation between geoparks for the protection of geological heritage and the promotion of sustainable development of their territories in Europe. In 2020 January, the EGN had 75 institutional members from 26 European countries and there are several aspiring geopark projects, applying for a UNESCO label and therefore the permanent EGN membership.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mines and Geosciences Bureau</span>

The Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) is a government agency of the Philippines under the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). The MGB is responsible for the conservation, management, development, and use of the country's mineral resources, including those in reservations and public lands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aris Aumentado</span> Filipino politician and businessman (born 1977)

Erico Aristotle Cabagnot Aumentado, also known in Bohol as Aris, is a Filipino businessman and politician. He was a member of the House of Representatives, representing the second district of Bohol. He is the Governor of the Province of Bohol, assuming office on June 30, 2022 but was preventively suspended on May 28, 2024 due to the controversial resort construction in the middle of the Chocolate Hills. He was reinstated by the Ombudsman on July 31.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2013 Bohol earthquake</span> Magnitude 7.2 earthquake in Bohol

The 2013 Bohol earthquake occurred on October 15 at 8:12:31 PST in Bohol, an island province located in Central Visayas, Philippines. The magnitude of the earthquake was recorded at Mw 7.2, with epicenter 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) S 24° W of Sagbayan, and its depth of focus was 12 kilometres (7.5 mi). It affected the whole Central Visayas region, particularly Bohol and Cebu. The earthquake was felt in the whole Visayas area and as far as Masbate island in the north and Cotabato provinces in southern Mindanao.

The Padcal tailings spills of August–September 2012 were a series of mine tailings spills from Tailings Pond 3 of the Philex Mining Corporation's Padcal mine in Benguet Province, Philippines. The incident began on August 1, 2012, with a massive release on the order of 5 million tonnes or 3 million cubic meters of water and tailings from a breached drainage tunnel in the pond. The effluent flowed into the Balog River down to Agno River and San Roque Dam. At least four more major discharges were reported: on August 4, 11 and 30, and September 13. The total weight of solids discharged is given by Advocates of Science and Technology for the People, citing a Mines and Geosciences Bureau Report dated September 17, 2012, as 21 million tonnes. The Center for Science in Public Participation gives the volume discharged, for an incident that they date as August 2, but likely refers to the whole August–September series, as 13 million cubic meters. The spill was ten times larger than the 1996 Marcopper mining disaster, making it the country's biggest mining disaster by volume of toxic tailings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Noel Felongco</span> Filipino lawyer and civil servant

Noel Kinazo Felongco is a Filipino lawyer and government official who currently serves as the Lead Convenor of the National Anti-Poverty Commission of the Philippines under the Duterte administration since October 31, 2018. He previously served as a chairperson of the Presidential Commission for the Urban Poor and as an undersecretary of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).

A controversy arose in March 2024 when a resort built in the middle of the Chocolate Hills in Bohol, Philippines, came to wider public attention. The geological formations are a protected area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asik-Asik Falls</span> Waterfall in the Philippines

Asik-Asik Falls, also known as Curtain Waterfalls, is a waterfall near Alamada in Cotabato, the Philippines, on the slopes of Mount Ragang. It is known for an apparent lack of a river feeding the fall, with water coming out of crevices on a 60-metre (200 ft) cliff instead. Asik means "sprinkle" in the Hiligaynon language. Much of the falls are surrounded and covered by lush vegetation, such as ferns and moss. It is theorized that the source of the falls is an underground river. The pool at the bottom flows into the Alamada River, a tributary of the Libungan River, and then into the Liguasan Marsh.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Maac-Aguilar, Yolanda. "Geoheritage of the Philippines". Geoheritage of East and Southeast Asia (PDF). Institut Alam Sekitar dan Pembangunan (LESTARI); Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programs in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP). p. 189.
  2. "Geology and Paleontology – National Museum" . Retrieved October 12, 2024.
  3. "Geocon 2001 Article". geolsocphil.org. Retrieved October 12, 2024.
  4. 1 2 Aquino, Richard S. "Geotourism: An innovative form of tourism for development in the Philippines".
  5. "Montalban Gorge".
  6. "Taal Volcano".
  7. Journal of the Geological Society of the Philippines. Geological Society of the Philippines. 2008.
  8. "National Committee on Geological Sciences Homepage - Monuments (Chocolate Hills)". ncgs.tripod.com. Retrieved October 12, 2024.
  9. "Senate Bill 916" (PDF).
  10. Cocal, Christopher J. "Ecotourism Development and Conservation of the Hundred Islands National Park, Philippines" (PDF).
  11. "National Geological Site | Drupal". undergroundriver.puertoprincesa.ph. Retrieved October 12, 2024.
  12. Sunnexdesk (June 16, 2015). "Bohol coastal areas declared national geological monument". SunStar Publishing Inc. Retrieved October 12, 2024.
  13. "Dao 2015-08 | PDF | Earth Sciences | Nature". Scribd. Retrieved October 12, 2024.
  14. Inquirer, Philippine Daily (January 8, 2020). "MGB backs declaration of Cotabato waterfalls as 'geological monument'". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved October 12, 2024.
  15. Quintas, Kristine B. "DENR order on 'uplifted' areas opposed". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 12, 2024.
  16. Lim, Ron. "DENR issues statement on viral Chocolate Hills resort in Bohol". www.gmanetwork.com. Retrieved October 12, 2024.
  17. jsitchon0312 (March 18, 2024). "TIMELINE: The Chocolate Hills resort controversy". RAPPLER. Retrieved October 12, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  18. "Two more resorts spotted built in Chocolate Hills". DZRH News. March 15, 2024. Retrieved October 12, 2024.
  19. Obedencio, Ric. "Local execs decry suspension over Chocolate Hills issue". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 12, 2024.