Nitor pudibunda

Nitor pudibunda
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura ; clade Panpulmonata ; clade Eupulmonata ; clade Stylommatophora ; clade Sigmurethra ; clade limacoid clade Contents Description ; Distribution ; Notes and references ; Notes ; References ; External links ;
Superfamily:	Helicarionoidea
Family:	Helicarionidae
Subfamily:	Helicarioninae
Genus:	Nitor
Species:	N. pudibunda
Binomial name
	Nitor pudibunda; Cox, 1868 [1]
Synonyms
	Helix pudibunda [1] [2] [3]

Last updated April 27, 2019

Nitor pudibunda is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicarionidae. This species is endemic to Australia.

In biology, a species ( ) is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. While these definitions may seem adequate, when looked at more closely they represent problematic species concepts. For example, the boundaries between closely related species become unclear with hybridisation, in a species complex of hundreds of similar microspecies, and in a ring species. Also, among organisms that reproduce only asexually, the concept of a reproductive species breaks down, and each clone is potentially a microspecies.

A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. Land snail is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells. However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and fresh water, and others are relatively amphibious between land and salt water.

Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land, as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water, or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Terrestrial invertebrates include ants, flies, crickets, grasshoppers and spiders.

Description

Cox's description of the shell of a specimen of N. pudibunda, published in A Monograph of Australian Land Shells, 1868.^[1]^α

Shell perforated, depressly-turbinate, thin and transparent, very smooth, showing under the lens very faint curved lines, and traces of still fainter spiral lines, shining, pinkish or flesh coloured; spire broadly conical, rather acute; 6 whorls, flatly convex, last not descending in front, the periphery shewing nearly obsolete traces of a keel, below convex, glossy, generally opaquely milky-white about the umbilicus, which is minute and shallow; aperture diagonal, somewhat squarely-lunar, pearly within; peristome simple, acute, columellar margin very slightly triangularly dilated and reflected above. In old age, white and callous.
A whorl is a single, complete 360° revolution or turn in the spiral growth of a mollusc shell. A spiral configuration of the shell is found in of numerous gastropods, but it is also found in shelled cephalopods including Nautilus, Spirula and the large extinct subclass of cephalopods known as the ammonites.
The umbilicus of a shell is the axially aligned, hollow cone-shaped space within the whorls of a coiled mollusc shell. The term umbilicus is often used in descriptions of gastropod shells, i.e. it is a feature present on the ventral side of many snail shells, including some species of sea snails, land snails, and freshwater snails.
The aperture is an opening in certain kinds of mollusc shells: it is the main opening of the shell, where the head-foot part of the body of the animal emerges for locomotion, feeding, etc.
Diameter 0.65[1.651cm]; height 0.55[1.397cm] of an inch.
Habitat. Richmond River.— MacGillivray. Moreton Bay.— Masters.
The Richmond River is a river with a mature wave dominated, barrier estuary, situated in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia.
The Moreton Bay is a bay located on the eastern coast of Australia 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from central Brisbane, Queensland. It is one of Queensland's most important coastal resources. The waters of Moreton Bay are a popular destination for recreational anglers and are used by commercial operators who provide seafood to market.
The smoothness, want of carina, pinkish colour, and callous columella are the chief points of distinction between this and H. Moretonensis and H. subrugata.^β
The columella or pillar is a central anatomical feature of a coiled snail shell, a gastropod shell. The columella is often only clearly visible as a structure when the shell is broken, sliced in half vertically, or viewed as an X-ray image.

Distribution

The species is found in eastern Australia, most commonly along the coasts of Queensland and New South Wales, from Cooloola to Lismore.^[2]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Queensland is the second-largest and third-most populous state in the Commonwealth of Australia. Situated in the north-east of the country, it is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean. To its north is the Torres Strait, with Papua New Guinea located less than 200 km across it from the mainland. The state is the world's sixth-largest sub-national entity, with an area of 1,852,642 square kilometres (715,309 sq mi).

New South Wales is a state on the east coast of Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria to the south, and South Australia to the west. Its coast borders the Tasman Sea to the east. The Australian Capital Territory is an enclave within the state. New South Wales' state capital is Sydney, which is also Australia's most populous city. In September 2018, the population of New South Wales was over 8 million, making it Australia's most populous state. Just under two-thirds of the state's population, 5.1 million, live in the Greater Sydney area. Inhabitants of New South Wales are referred to as New South Welshmen.

Shire of Cooloola Local government area in Queensland, Australia

The Shire of Cooloola was a local government area located about 170 kilometres (106 mi) north of Brisbane – the state capital of Queensland, Australia. The shire covered an area of 2,968.8 square kilometres (1,146.3 sq mi), and was the product of a merger in 1993 between the City of Gympie and the Shire of Widgee, which had both existed since 1879-1880. It merged with several other LGAs to form the Gympie Region on 15 March 2008.

Notes and references

Notes

^α Text contains some minor corrections and updates; no spaces before semicolons, showing instead of shewing, "." as decimal mark instead of "·", etc...

^β In the publication Cox refers to Helix subrugata and Helix Moretonensis, meaning Nitor subrugata and Nitor moretonensis respectively. Helix subrugata and Helix moretonensis are accepted synonyms.

Related Research Articles

Achatinella byronii is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinellidae. This species is endemic to the United States.

Cantharidus opalus, common name the opal top shell or in the Maori language matangongore, is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

Mitromorpha fischeri is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mitromorphidae.

Splendrillia woodsi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae.

Carinodrillia quadrilirata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

Inquisitor hedleyi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae.

Famelica catharinae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.

<i>Raphitoma linearis</i> species of mollusc

Raphitoma linearis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.

Spirotropis lithocolleta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae.

<i>Splendrillia aoteana</i> species of mollusc

Splendrillia aoteana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae.

Acliceratia beddomei is a species of very small somewhat amphibious land snail with a gill and an operculum, a semi-terrestrial gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Iravadiidae.

Lactarius vinaceorufescens, commonly known as the yellow-staining milkcap or the yellow-latex milky, is a poisonous species of fungus in the family Russulaceae. It produces mushrooms with pinkish-cinnamon caps up to 12 cm (4.7 in) wide held by pinkish-white stems up to 7 cm (2.8 in) long. The closely spaced whitish to pinkish buff gills develop wine-red spots in age. When it is cut or injured, the mushroom oozes a white latex that rapidly turns bright sulfur-yellow. The species, common and widely distributed in North America, grows in the ground in association with conifer trees. There are several other Lactarius species that bear resemblance to L. vinaceorufescens, but most can be distinguished by differences in staining reactions, macroscopic characteristics, or habitat.

Nitor is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Helicarionidae.

Calliotrochus marmoreus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

Cantharidus rufozona is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

Chrysostoma paradoxum, common name the orange-mouthed top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

Isanda coronata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

<i>Ilanga laevissima</i> species of mollusc

Ilanga laevissima is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Solariellidae.

<i>Asthelys simplex</i> species of mollusc

Asthelys simplex is a species of extremely small deep water sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Seguenziidae.

<i>Leiopyrga octona</i> species of mollusc

Leiopyrga octona, common name the eight-ringed weed shell, is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

References

External links

Encyclopedia of Life — Nitor pudibunda

This Helicarionidae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[Cox-1] 1 2 3 Cox, J.C. 1868. A Monograph of Australian Land Shells. Sydney : Maddock 111 pp.

[CoL-2] 1 2 Catalogue of Life: 2009 Annual Checklist — Nitor pudibunda

[ALA-3] Atlas of Living Australia — Nitor pudibunda — Names

[AU-4] Australian Government
Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities | Nitor pudibunda

[DL-5] Discover Life — Nitor pudibunda — partial distribution map

[ZZ-6] ZipcodeZoo.com — Nitor pudibunda

α

β