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Dextromethorphan, or DXM, a common active ingredient found in many over-the-counter cough suppressant cold medicines, is used as a recreational drug and entheogen for its dissociative effects. Street names include Brownies, Dextro, Drix, Gel, Groove, Lean, Mega-perls, Poor man's ecstasy, Poor man's PCP, Red devils, Robo, Rojo, Rome, Skittles, Sizzurp, Triple Cs, Sky and Velvet.
Pseudoephedrine, sold under the brand name Sudafed among others, is a sympathomimetic medication which is used as a decongestant to treat nasal congestion. It has also been used off-label for certain other indications, like treatment of low blood pressure. At higher doses, it may produce various additional effects including stimulant, appetite suppressant, and performance-enhancing effects. In relation to this, non-medical use of pseudoephedrine has been encountered. The medication is taken by mouth.
Cold medicines are a group of medications taken individually or in combination as a treatment for the symptoms of the common cold and similar conditions of the upper respiratory tract. The term encompasses a broad array of drugs, including analgesics, antihistamines and decongestants, among many others. It also includes drugs which are marketed as cough suppressants or antitussives, but their effectiveness in reducing cough symptoms is unclear or minimal.
Advil is primarily a brand of ibuprofen. Advil has been called a "megabrand" because it offers various "products for a wide range of pain, head cold, and sleep problems."
A decongestant, or nasal decongestant, is a type of pharmaceutical drug that is used to relieve nasal congestion in the upper respiratory tract. The active ingredient in most decongestants is either pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine. Intranasal corticosteroids can also be used as decongestants and antihistamines can be used to alleviate runny nose, nasal itch, and sneezing.
Benadryl is a brand of various antihistamine medications used to stop allergies, whose content varies in different countries, but which includes some combination of diphenhydramine, acrivastine, and/or cetirizine.
Vicks DayQuil is an over-the-counter combination medication product used for the temporary relief of common cold and flu symptoms. DayQuil is available in several formulations.
Guaifenesin, also known as glyceryl guaiacolate, is an expectorant medication taken by mouth and marketed as an aid to eliminate sputum from the respiratory tract. Chemically, it is an ether of guaiacol and glycerine. It may be used in combination with other medications. A 2014 study found that guaifenesin does not affect sputum volume in upper respiratory infections.
Dihydrocodeine is a semi-synthetic opioid analgesic prescribed for pain or severe dyspnea, or as an antitussive, either alone or compounded with paracetamol (acetaminophen) or aspirin. It was developed in Germany in 1908 and first marketed in 1911.
Lemsip is a brand of cold and flu remedies for treating people with cold, cough and flu.
Phenylephrine, sold under the brand names Neosynephrine and Sudafed PE among others, is a medication used as a decongestant for uncomplicated nasal congestion in the form of a nasal spray or oral tablet, to dilate the pupil, to increase blood pressure given intravenously in cases of low blood pressure, and to relieve hemorrhoids as a suppository. It can also be applied to the skin.
Doxylamine is an antihistamine medication used to treat insomnia and allergies, and—in combination with pyridoxine (vitamin B6)—to treat morning sickness in pregnant women. It is available over-the-counter and is typically sold under such brand names as Equate or Unisom, among others; and it is used in nighttime cold medicines (e.g., NyQuil) and pain medications containing acetaminophen and/or codeine to help with sleep. The medication is delivered chemically by the salt doxylamine succinate and is taken by mouth. Doxylamine and other first-generation antihistamines are the most widely used sleep medications in the world. Typical side effects of doxylamine (at recommended doses) include dizziness, drowsiness, grogginess, and dry mouth, among others.
Coricidin, Coricidin 'D' (decongestant), or Coricidin HBP, is the name of an over-the-counter cough and cold drug containing dextromethorphan and chlorpheniramine maleate. Introduced by Schering-Plough in 1949 as one of the first antihistamines, it is now owned by Bayer. Varieties of Coricidin may also contain acetaminophen and guaifenesin.
Dimetapp is an American brand of over-the-counter cold and allergy medicines that is manufactured by Foundation Consumer Brands. At one point, Dimetapp as a household word referred to a single combination preparation marketed to relieve symptoms of the common cold, containing brompheniramine and phenylephrine. Variants were created, including Dimetapp DM with the addition of dextromethorphan. Dimetapp Elixir and Colour Free Elixir are intended to relieve nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy watery eyes and sneezing, whereas Dimetapp DM and Dimetapp DM Colour Free Elixir are intended for colds with dry coughs and also to treat whooping cough. Early Dimetapp was flavored with cherry and plum as they were readily available during the time, setting a precedent for its purple color; however, the flavor has been described as a grape candy.
Midol is a brand of over-the-counter analgesic drugs marketed for menstrual cramping and other effects related to premenstrual syndrome and menstruation. Various subbrands are formulated using different active ingredients. Midol is distributed by Bayer.
Benylin is a brand name owned by Kenvue for a range of cough, cold and flu medications. Some Benylin products also contain codeine, which is used to treat pain, cough and diarrhea.
Actifed is a registered trademark for a combination antihistamine and nasal decongestant medication used for cold and allergy symptoms. Actifed was developed in 1958 by Burroughs Wellcome & Company, later Haleon.
Dristan is an American brand of medications that is made by Foundation Consumer Brands. Dristan 12-Hour Nasal Spray is a nasal decongestant, the active ingredient of which is oxymetazoline hydrochloride 0.05%. Dristan Cold Multi-Symptom Tablets contain three active ingredients: acetaminophen, USP 325 mg, chlorpheniramine maleate, USP 2 mg, and phenylephrine HCl, USP 5 mg.
Caramiphen is an anticholinergic drug used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In combination with phenylpropanolamine it is used as a cough suppressant and nasal decongestant to treat symptoms associated with respiratory illnesses such as cold, allergies, hay fever, and sinusitis. It was added to the British National Formulary in 1963, with a dosage of 10 to 20 mg. Side effects include nausea, dizziness, and drowsiness.
References
- ↑ "Ambien Amnesia and Nyquil Hangovers—and Other Sleeping Pill Do's and Don'ts". Oakridger. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
- ↑ "Nov 20, 1966, page 135 - The Daily Oklahoman at Newspapers.com". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
- ↑ "The Dangers of Mixing Alcohol and NyQuil: How Long to Wait". grovetreatment.com/. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
- ↑ "NyQuil™ / DayQuil™ SEVERE Cold & Flu Relief Liquid Co-Pack".
- ↑ "Children's NyQuil™ Cold & Cough Medicine". vicks.com. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
- ↑ Florida, University of. "07 » UF researchers question effectiveness of decongestant » University of Florida". news.ufl.edu. Archived from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
- ↑ "nyquil". vicks.com. Retrieved 26 March 2016.