| Odonteus armiger | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Male specimen | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Bolboceratidae |
| Genus: | Odonteus |
| Species: | O. armiger |
| Binomial name | |
| Odonteus armiger Scopoli, 1772 | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Odonteus armiger is the only European species of the genus Odonteus . It belongs to the superfamily Scarabaeoidea. This species lives a very hidden life and is therefore little known about it, despite its wide distribution. [1]
Its body length is of 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in). The deep black, shiny body is short, rounded, and strongly arched. Males have a narrow, movable horn at the base of the head. There are also two smaller horns on the sides of the male's neck shield. The females have a transverse ridge with two small bumps at this point. Other native beetles with a head horn are, for example, the european rhinoceros beetle or Copris lunaris. The antennae consist of movable leaves. Other similar genera are Geotrupes and Typhaeus , which lack the horn, the rimmed seam edge of the elytra and the tomentum spot on the front of the forelegs. Odonteus armiger are also usually smaller than them. [2]
The species has a wide distribution in Europe. In the north, the species is found as far south as Sweden and the south of Great Britain. In the west, the species can be found as far as France and the north-eastern parts of Spain. In the south, the species is found as far north-east as Spain, southern France, northern Italy and the Balkan Peninsula and in the east, the species is found as far south as Russia (east to the Urals) and the Caucasus. [3]
The species was first described in 1772 by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli under the name Scarabaeus armiger. Over time, the species was initially categorised in the Scarabaeidae family and later assigned to the Geotrupidae. It is now systematically classified as a member of the Bolboceratidae, a small family of the Scarabaeoidea.[ citation needed ] Numerous synonyms of the species can be found in the literature, for example Odontaeus armiger (Scopoli 1772), Bolboceras armiger (Scopoli 1772), Scarabaeus bicolor (Fabricius 1775), Scarabaeus mobilicornis (Fabricius 1775), Scarabaeus testaceus (Fabricius 1775), Scarabaeus rufescens (Ponza 1805) and Odontaeus fulvus (Mulsant & Rey 1871).
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 35,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change in recent years. Several subfamilies have been elevated to family rank, and some reduced to lower ranks. The subfamilies listed in this article are in accordance with those in Catalog of Life (2023).
Giovanni Antonio Scopoli was an Italian physician and naturalist. His biographer Otto Guglia named him the "first anational European" and the "Linnaeus of the Austrian Empire".
Dung beetles are beetles that feed on feces. Some species of dung beetles can bury dung 250 times their own mass in one night.
The rain beetles are a group of beetles whose extant species are found only in the far west of North America. They spend most of their lives underground, emerging in response to rain or snow, thus the common name. Formerly classified in the Scarabaeidae, they are currently assigned to their own family Pleocomidae, considered the sister group to all the remaining families of Scarabaeoidea. The family contains a single extant genus, Pleocoma, and two extinct genera, Cretocoma, described in 2002 from Late Cretaceous deposits in Mongolia, and Proteroscarabeus of Late Cretaceous China.
Trichius fasciatus, the Eurasian bee beetle, is a beetle species belonging to the family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae.
Scarabaeus sacer, common name sacred scarab, is the type species of the genus Scarabaeus and the family Scarabaeidae. This dung beetle is native of southern Europe, northern Africa and western Asia, and it was venerated in ancient Egypt.
Emmelia trabealis, the spotted sulphur, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli his 1763 Entomologia Carniolica.
Canthon, the tumblebugs, is a Nearctic-Neotropical genus of Scarabaeidae or scarab beetles in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea.
Heliocopris is a genus of Scarabaeidae or scarab beetles in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea. Forty-seven of the fifty-two known species are found in Africa, but a few are found in southern and southeast Asia.
Megasoma is a genus of rhinoceros beetles. Commonly known as the elephant beetles, Megasoma species are found from the southern half of North America to most of South America.
Oryctes is the most economically important genus of rhinoceros beetles in the subfamily Dynastinae, since it includes a notorious insect pest of palms.
Odonteus is a genus of beetles in the family Bolboceratidae, formerly known by the name Bolboceras. The name Bolboceras was replaced in 1990 when it was discovered that Odonteus had been published one month earlier; this finding was upheld by ICZN Opinion 2138 in 2006, which made the two names synonymous, with Odonteus having priority. Some researchers continue to use the invalid junior name (e.g.).
Bodiloides ictericus is a species of dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae, found in the Palearctic. It is one of more than 50 species in the genus Bodiloides.
Trichiotinus is a genus of fruit and flower chafers in the family Scarabaeidae. There are about 8 described species in Trichiotinus, all native to the New World.
Melolonthini is a tribe of scarab beetles in the family Scarabaeidae. There are over 250 genera in Melolonthini, occurring worldwide; there are over 300 species in North America alone, and more than 3000 worldwide.
Coenomyia ferruginea is a species of fly in the family Xylophagidae.
Caccobius unicornis, is a species of dung beetle found in many Asian and South East Asian countries such as: India, Sri Lanka, China, Java, Borneo, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Myanmar, North Vietnam, Philippines, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indochina.
Heliocopris bucephalus, commonly known as Elephant dung beetle, is a species of dung beetle found in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Malay Peninsula, Java, Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
Bodilopsis is a genus of scarab beetles in the family Scarabaeidae. There are at least four described species in Bodilopsis, found in Europe and Asia.