| Oedignatha | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Liocranidae |
| Genus: | Oedignatha Thorell, 1881 [1] |
| Type species | |
| O. scrobiculata Thorell, 1881 | |
| Species | |
37, see text | |
Oedignatha is a genus of Asian spiders first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1881 as a genus of corinnid sac spiders, [2] and moved to Liocranidae in 2014. [3]
As of April 2019 [update] it contains thirty-seven species in Southeast Asia, [1] several of which were transferred from other genera, including O. aleipata from Storena , [4] O. andamanensis & O. raigadensis from Amaurobius , [5] [6] O. proboscidea from Corinna , [5] and O. ferox from the former monotypic genus Aepygnatha. [7]
The sac spiders of the family Clubionidae have a very confusing taxonomic history. Once, this family was a large catch-all taxon for a disparate collection of spiders, similar only in that they had eight eyes arranged in two rows and conical anterior spinnerets that touched, and were wandering predators that built silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark, or under rocks. These are now recognized to include several families, some of which are more closely related to the three-clawed spiders, like lynx and wolf spiders, than to Clubionidae and related families.
Liocranidae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897. They are one of several groups called "sac spiders". The holarctic genus Agroeca is the best-known, but it also includes various genera of more obscure spiders that still lack a diagnosis. Two species in the North American genus Neoanagraphis are found in the extremely dry conditions in the Mojave, Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts. Females live in animal burrows while males wander and are the ones most often caught in pitfall traps.
Corinnidae is a family of araneomorph spiders, sometimes called corinnid sac spiders. The family, like other "clubionoid" families, has a confusing taxonomic history. Once it was a part of the large catch-all taxon Clubionidae, now very much smaller. The original members of the family are apparently similar only in that they have eight eyes arranged in two rows, conical anterior spinnerets that touch and are generally wandering predators that build silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark or under rocks.
Myrmarachne is a genus of ant-mimicking jumping spiders that was first described by W. S. MacLeay in 1839. They are commonly called ant-mimicking spiders, but they are not the only spiders that have this attribute. The name is a combination of Ancient Greek μύρμηξ, meaning "ant", and ἀράχνη, meaning "spider".
Pacullidae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1894. It was merged into Tetrablemmidae in 1958, then raised back to family status after a large phylogenetic study in 2017.
Runcinia is a genus of crab spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1875. The former R. elongata is a synonym of Thomisus elongatus.
Utivarachna is a genus of Asian araneomorph spiders in the family Trachelidae first described by Kyukichi Kishida in 1940. It was largely ignored until Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold revised the sac and ground spiders in 2001, transferring some species from Trachelas and adding several new ones. The genus was further expanded in 2014 and 2015.
Matidia is a genus of southeast Asian sac spiders first described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1878.
Nusatidia is a genus of Asian sac spiders first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001.
Koppe is a genus of liocranid sac spiders first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001.
Sphingius is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Liocranidae, containing 27 species restricted to South Asia and Southeast Asia.
Orthobula is a genus of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897 as a member of Liocranidae. It was transferred to Corinnidae in 2002, to Phrurolithidae in 2014, and to Trachelidae in 2017.
Poltys is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by C. L. Koch in 1843. Many species are cryptic and are known to masquerade as leaves and twigs during the day, and build an orb web at night to capture prey. The shape of the abdomen which often gives the impression of a rough and broken branch can vary among individuals within a species. The web is eaten up before dawn and reconstructed after dusk.
Medmassa is a genus of corinnid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1887 under the name "Megaera", later renamed because "Megaera" was already in use as a synonym of the reptile genus Trimeresurus.
Hamataliwa is a genus of lynx spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1887.
Meotipa is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1895.