Omphiscola glabra

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Omphiscola glabra
Omphiscola glabra.JPG
A live individual of Omphiscola glabra on a paper grid, scale bar 1 cm
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Superorder: Hygrophila
Family: Lymnaeidae
Genus: Omphiscola
Species:
O. glabra
Binomial name
Omphiscola glabra
(Müller, 1774) [1]
Synonyms
  • Buccinum glabrum [2]
  • Lymnaea glabra [2]
  • Stagnicola glaber [2]

Omphiscola glabra, commonly known as the pond mud snail, [3] is a species of small to medium-size, air-breathing, freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae. [4] Omphiscola glabra is the type species of the genus Omphiscola. [5]

Contents

Distribution

This European snail can be found from southern Scandinavia (61° N) to southern Spain. [6]

The distribution of Omphiscola glabra is very scattered and rare. [6] It is seriously threatened, and has become locally extinct in many places. [6] It is threatened by continuing habitat destruction because of drainage and intensive farming. [6] Acriculturally induced eutrophication is also a threat. Omphiscola glabra has disappeared widely from urbanized areas such as London. [6]

Drawing of the shell. Omphiscola glabra shell.png
Drawing of the shell.

Shell description

The shell is strongly cylindrical, horny, often with a brownish or blackish surface, the apex is blunt, 7–8 moderately convex whorls, with last whorl being twice as high as the narrow aperture, and with aperture often with white lip. [6]

The height of the shell is 9–12 mm, [6] up to 15 mm [8] or up to 20 mm. [6] The width of the shell is 3–4 mm, [6] up to 5.5 mm. [8]

Five shells of Omphiscola glabra Omphiscola glabra shell.jpg
Five shells of Omphiscola glabra

Habitat

This snail lives in places such as swampy meadows and ditches. [9]

Omphiscola glabra is said to occur in small areas of standing water that have a lot of vegetation such as swamps, and also in standing forest waters with leaf litter, often in water with organic iron contents and low calcium contents. [6] [ clarification needed ]

In Central France, the populations of Omphiscola glabra are currently declining because its habitat is threatened by modern agricultural practices. [10]

In Britain however, this species occurs in small standing waters that are low in nutrients, with poor aquatic flora, often in waters drying out periodically. [6] They usually do not occur in habitats with high molluscan diversity, and usually in habitats on uncultivated land. [6] They are calciphile and have a pH tolerance of 5.4–8.8. [6] [ clarification needed ]

Reproduction begins in May. [6] Juveniles hatch after 15–25 days. [6] Omphiscola glabra has two generations per year. [6]

Parasites

Omphiscola glabra can serve as an intermediate host for several digenean trematodes. In France, Omphiscola glabra is naturally infected with Fasciola hepatica , [11] Calicophoron daubneyi , [12] and Haplometra cylindracea ; [13] in all, seven digenean species parasitize O. glabra in the Brenne Regional Natural Park, central France. [14] Moreover, a report suggests that the species is also susceptible to Fascioloides magna infection. [15]

Related Research Articles

<i>Fasciola hepatica</i> Species of fluke

Fasciola hepatica, also known as the common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke, is a parasitic trematode of the class Trematoda, phylum Platyhelminthes. It infects the livers of various mammals, including humans, and is transmitted by sheep and cattle to humans the world over. The disease caused by the fluke is called fasciolosis or fascioliasis, which is a type of helminthiasis and has been classified as a neglected tropical disease. Fasciolosis is currently classified as a plant/food-borne trematode infection, often acquired through eating the parasite's metacercariae encysted on plants. F. hepatica, which is distributed worldwide, has been known as an important parasite of sheep and cattle for decades and causes significant economic losses in these livestock species, up to £23 million in the UK alone. Because of its relatively large size and economic importance, it has been the subject of many scientific investigations and may be the best-known of any trematode species. F. hepatica's closest relative is Fasciola gigantica. These two flukes are sister species; they share many morphological features and can mate with each other.

<i>Fasciola</i> Genus of flukes

Fasciola, commonly known as the liver fluke, is a genus of parasitic trematodes. There are two species within the genus Fasciola: Fasciolahepatica and Fasciolagigantica, as well as hybrids between the two species. Both species infect the liver tissue of a wide variety of mammals, including humans, in a condition known as fascioliasis. F. hepatica measures up to 30 mm by 15 mm, while F. gigantica measures up to 75 mm by 15 mm.

<i>Fasciola gigantica</i> Species of fluke

Fasciola gigantica is a parasitic flatworm of the class Trematoda, which causes tropical fascioliasis. It is regarded as one of the most important single platyhelminth infections of ruminants in Asia and Africa. Estimates of infection rates are as high as 80–100% in some countries. The infection is commonly called fasciolosis.

<i>Fascioloides magna</i> Species of fluke

Fascioloides magna, also known as giant liver fluke, large American liver fluke or deer fluke, is trematode parasite that occurs in wild and domestic ruminants in North America and Europe. Adult flukes occur in the liver of the definitive host and feed on blood. Mature flukes measure 4 to 10 centimetres in length × 2 to 3.5 centimetres in width, and have an oval dorso-ventrally flattened body with oral and ventral sucker. The flukes are reddish-brown in colour and are covered by tegument. As with other digenean trematodes, the life cycle includes intramolluscan phase in snails. The parasite is currently distributed in wild ruminants in North America and Europe, including Austria, Canada, the Czech Republic, Croatia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, and the United States.

<i>Galba truncatula</i> Species of gastropod

Galba truncatula is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lymnaeidae</span> Family of gastropods

Lymnaeidae, common name the pond snails, is a taxonomic family of small to large air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks, that belong to the clade Hygrophila.

<i>Lymnaea</i> Genus of gastropods

Lymnaea is a genus of small to large-sized air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Lymnaeinae ( of the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.

<i>Lymnaea tomentosa</i> Species of gastropod

Lymnaea tomentosa is a species of freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Lymnaeidae.

<i>Radix</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Radix is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropods in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.

<i>Pseudosuccinea columella</i> Species of gastropod

Pseudosuccinea columella, the American ribbed fluke snail, is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.

<i>Radix auricularia</i> Species of gastropod

Radix auricularia, the big-ear radix, is a species of medium-sized freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae.

<i>Radix balthica</i> Species of gastropod

Radix balthica, common name the wandering snail, is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.

<i>Galba</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Galba is a genus of small air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.

Lymnaea acuminata is a species of freshwater snail in the family Lymnaeidae. It is native to South Asia, where it occurs in Bangladesh, Burma, India, Nepal, and Pakistan. There it is a widespread and common species.

Calicophoron daubneyi is a species of digenetic trematode in the family Paramphistomidae. The parasite is commonly found infecting cattle, sheep and goats in France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, Belgium, Netherlands and Germany.

<i>Radix natalensis</i> Species of gastropod

Radix natalensis is a species of freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Lymnaeidae.

<i>Galba schirazensis</i> Species of gastropod

Galba schirazensis is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.

<i>Galba meridensis</i> Species of gastropod

Galba meridensis is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.

Galba neotropica is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.

Haplometra cylindracea is a trematode parasite of frogs. Adult worms measure usually 10 mm and they are located in the lungs. H. cylindracea develops through 2 intermediate hosts: the first, a freshwater snail, the second, a water beetle.

References

This article incorporates public domain text from the reference. [6]

  1. ↑ Müller O. F. (1774). Vermivm terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum, et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia. Volumen alterum. pp. I-XXXVI [= 1–36], 1–214, [1–10]. Havniae & Lipsiae. (Heineck & Faber).
  2. 1 2 3 "Mud Pond Snail Omphiscola glabra". BioLib. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  3. ↑ Joanna Lindsay; Laura Larkin (Spring 2020). "Marvellous mud snails". Environmental Education . 123: 18–19. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  4. ↑ Glöer P. (2002). Überfamilie Lymnaeoidea Rafinesque 1815. Familie Lymnaeidae Lamarck 1812. In: Glöer P. (ed.) Die Süßwassergastropoden Nord-und Mitteleuropas. Bestimmungschlüssel, Lebensweise, Verbreitung. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands 73. Conchbooks, Hackenheim, pp. 200–232.
  5. ↑ "Species in genus Omphiscola". AnimalBase, accessed 31 July 2010.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 "Species summary for Omphiscola glabra". AnimalBase. Last modified 24-02-2009, accessed 31 July 2010.
  7. ↑ Anderson R. (2009). "Value of species datasets as baselines (non-marine Mollusca)" Archived 24 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine . accessed 31 July 2010.
  8. 1 2 (in Polish) Jackiewicz M. (2000). Blotniarky Europy (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Lymnaeidae). Wydawnictwo Kontekst, Poznań. 115 pp.
  9. ↑ Rondelaud, D.; Vignoles, P.; Dreyfuss, G. (2009). "First field observations on the aestivation of Omphiscola glabra (Gastropoda, Lymnaeida) uninfected or infected with Fasciola hepatica in central France". Annales de Limnologie – International Journal of Limnology. 39 (2): 129–133. doi: 10.1051/limn/2003010 . ISSN   0003-4088.
  10. ↑ Dreyfuss, Gilles; Vignoles, Philippe; Rondelaud, Daniel (2016). "Current decline in the number and size of Galba truncatula and Omphiscola glabra populations, intermediate hosts of Fasciola hepatica, on the acidic soils of Central France". Parasite. 23: 46. doi:10.1051/parasite/2016055. PMC   5086825 . PMID   27774956. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  11. ↑ Dreyfuss, G.; Vignoles, P.; Rondelaud, D. (2003). "Natural infections of Omphiscola glabra (Lymnaeidae) with Fasciola hepatica in central France". Parasitology Research. 91 (6): 458–461. doi:10.1007/s00436-003-0892-8. ISSN   0932-0113. PMID   14564511. S2CID   6809011.
  12. ↑ Abrous, M.; Rondelaud, D.; Dreyfuss, G.; Kabaret, J. (1999). "Infection of Lymnaea truncatula and Lymnaea glabra by Fasciola hepatica and Paramphistomum daubneyi in farms of central France". Vet. Res. 30 (1): 113–118. PMID   10081118.
  13. ↑ Goumghar, M. D.; Abrous, M.; Ferdonnet, D.; Dreyfuss, G.; Rondelaud, D. (2000). "Prevalence of Haplometra cylindracea infection in three species of Lymnaea snails in central France". Parasitol. Res. 86 (4): 337–339. doi:10.1007/s004360050054. PMID   10780746. S2CID   31442019.
  14. ↑ Rondelaud, Daniel; Vignoles, Philippe; Dreyfuss, Gilles (2015). "Larval trematode infections in Lymnaea glabra populations living in the Brenne Regional Natural Park, central France". Parasite. 22: 38. doi:10.1051/parasite/2015038. ISSN   1776-1042. PMC   4686325 . PMID   26692260. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  15. ↑ Rondelaud, D.; Novobilský, A.; Vignoles, P.; Treuil, P.; Koudela, B.; Dreyfuss, G. (2006). "First studies on the susceptibility of Omphiscola glabra (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) from central France to Fascioloides magna". Parasitol. Res. 98 (4): 299–303. doi:10.1007/s00436-005-0067-x. PMID   16362339. S2CID   23827214.


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