Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat

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Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Hipposideridae
Genus: Hipposideros
Species:
H. orbiculus
Binomial name
Hipposideros orbiculus
Francis, Kock & Habersetzer, 1999
Orbiculus Leaf-nosed Bat area.png
Range map 2011

The orbiculus leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros orbiculus), also known as the orbiculus roundleaf bat and small disc roundleaf bat, is a species of bat from the family Hipposideridae. The species has been found on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia and on peninsular Malaysia. [2]

Contents

Taxonomy

The orbiculus leaf-nosed bat was described as a new species in 1999. [3] The holotype had been collected in Abai Siat, which is southeast of Kota Bharu on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. [1] It is cryptic species with the Ridley's leaf-nosed bat, though the two can be differentiated based on their echolocation characteristics: the frequencies of the two species' calls differ by 19 kHz. [4]

Description

Its forearm length is 46.15–48.50 mm (1.817–1.909 in). Its tail is 26.2–34.2 mm (1.03–1.35 in) long and its ears are 20.6–23.6 mm (0.81–0.93 in) long. It echolocates at around 80 kHz. [5]

Range and status

The orbiculus leaf-nosed bat has been documented in three areas: West Sumatra of Indonesia, near Rawang, Selangor of Malaysia, and Sungkai Wildlife Forest Reserve, which is also in Malaysia. [6]

As of 2015, the orbiculus leaf-nosed bat ess listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List because of its small extent of occurrence and continuing decline of the extent and quality of its habitat, as well as its population. It had previously been listed as an endangered species but was reevaluated because its extent of occurrence was recalculated to 20,345 km2 (7,855 sq mi). [1] [7] The orbiculus leaf-nosed bat is a terrestrial species that prefers lowland rainforests, and its habitat is degrading due to logging, agriculture, infrastructure development, plantations, and forest fire. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Hipposideros</i> Genus of bats

Hipposideros is one of the most diverse genera of bats, with more than 70 species. They are collectively called roundleaf bats after the shape of their nasal ornament. It is the type genus of the family Hipposideridae. It is divided into species groups based on morphology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The Indian roundleaf bat, also known as the large Ceylon leaf-nosed bat or Kelaart's leaf‐nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is endemic to the Indian subcontinent, with marginal populations also detected in Southeast Asia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and caves. The bat has three subspecies that occur in India, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar. The Indian subspecies, H. l. indus, is smaller than the ones found in Sri Lanka and Myanmar, although there are no other characteristics that differentiate the subspecies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sundevall's roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

Sundevall's roundleaf bat, also called Sundevall's leaf-nosed bat, is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Borneo roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The Borneo roundleaf bat or Bornean leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found in Borneo, Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Hipposideros sabanus is a synonym of this species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hill's roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

Hill's roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae endemic to Papua New Guinea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kolar leaf-nosed bat</span> Endanged species of bat found in India

The Kolar leaf-nosed bat, or leafletted leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is endemic to India. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and caves. It is found in only one cave in India, and its population is less than 200 individuals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Large Asian roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The large Asian roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found in Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand. The specific name commemorates Thai zoologist and conservationist Boonsong Lekagul.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Big-eared roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The big-eared roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is endemic to Indonesia, known from Kangean Islands, southwestern Sulawesi and Seram Island. It roosts in caves and tree hollows and probably forages in woodland. It is threatened by habitat loss through logging and other human activities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fly River roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The Fly River roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found in West Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pomona roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The Pomona roundleaf bat, Pomona leaf-nosed bat, or Andersen's leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae that is endemic to India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ridley's leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

Ridley's leaf-nosed bat, Ridley's roundleaf bat, or Singapore roundleaf horseshoe bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found in Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical swamps. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sumba roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The Sumba roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It lives in Indonesia and East Timor. It is present on the islands of Sumba, Rote, Sumbawa, Flores, Semau, and Savu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lamotte's roundleaf bat</span> Species of mammal

Lamotte's roundleaf bat is a species of bat found only at Mount Nimba on the border of Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea and Liberia. It is critically endangered.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hipposideridae</span> Family of bats

The Hipposideridae are a family of bats commonly known as the Old World leaf-nosed bats. While it has often been seen as a subfamily, Hipposiderinae, of the family Rhinolophidae, it is now more generally classified as its own family. Nevertheless, it is most closely related to Rhinolophidae within the suborder Yinpterochiroptera.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grand roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The grand roundleaf bat, also known as the grand leaf-nosed bat, is a species of bat in the genus Hipposideros. It can be found in China, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Griffin's leaf-nosed bat is a species of roundleaf bats. First seen in 2008, it was formally described in 2012. It is found only in Vietnam, and only at two places, Cát Bà Island in northern Vietnam, and Chư Mom Ray National Park. It is generally similar to the species complex of the great roundleaf bat, with which it shares the habitat, but has distinguishing characters. It is relatively smaller and its sound navigation, echolocation, is different.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phou Khao Khouay leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The Phou Khao Khouay leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat found in Laos and Vietnam. It was described as a new species in 2006. It is considered vulnerable to extinction by the IUCN.

Boeadi’s roundleaf bat is a species of roundleaf bat found in Indonesia.

<i>Hipposideros atrox</i> Species of bat

Hipposideros atrox, commonly known as the lesser bicolored leaf-nosed bat, is a species of bat found in Southeast Asia. Originally described as a subspecies in 1918, it was recognized as a full species in 2010. It uses echolocation to navigate and find prey, and roosts in caves during the day.

The Khasian leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is endemic to Meghalaya, India. It is a cave-dwelling bat.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Francis, C.; Bates, P.; Kingston, T.; Senawi, J. (2016). "Hipposideros orbiculus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T136192A22008477. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136192A22008477.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ↑ Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 375. ISBN   978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC   62265494.
  3. ↑ Francis, C. M.; Kock, D.; Habersetzer, J. (1999). "Sibling species of Hipposideros ridleyi (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Hipposideridae)". Senckenbergiana Biologica. 79 (2): 255–270.
  4. ↑ Thabah, Adora; Rossiter, Stephen J.; Kingston, Tigga; Zhang, Shuyi; Parsons, Stuart; Mya, Khin MYA; Akbar, Zubaid; Jones, Gareth (2006). "Genetic divergence and echolocation call frequency in cryptic species of Hipposideros larvatus s.l. (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from the Indo-Malayan region". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 88: 119–130. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00602.x .
  5. ↑ Guillén-Servent, Antonio; Francis, Charles M. (2006). "A new species of bat of the Hipposideros bicolor group (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Central Laos, with evidence of convergent evolution with Sundaic taxa". Acta Chiropterologica. 8: 39–61. doi:10.3161/1733-5329(2006)8[39:ANSOBO]2.0.CO;2. S2CID   86102341.
  6. ↑ Lim, Voon-Ching; Ramli, Rosli; Bhassu, Subha; Wilson, John-James (2017). "A checklist of the bats of Peninsular Malaysia and progress towards a DNA barcode reference library". PLOS ONE. 12 (7): e0179555. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1279555L. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179555 . PMC   5526618 . PMID   28742835.
  7. ↑ IUCN (2001). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1 (PDF). IUCN.
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