Bicolored roundleaf bat

Last updated

Bicolored roundleaf bat
Hipposideros bicolor illustration.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Hipposideridae
Genus: Hipposideros
Species:
H. bicolor
Binomial name
Hipposideros bicolor
(Temminck, 1834)
Bicolored Roundleaf Bat area.png
Bicolored roundleaf bat range
Synonyms
  • Rhinolophus bicolorTemminck, 1834

The bicolored roundleaf bat (Hipposideros bicolor) is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, [2] the Philippines, Thailand, and Timor-Leste. [1] This bat inhabits caves, rock crevices and tunnels among lowland forests. They roost in large numbers and consume mostly small winged insects. [3] Their navigation and hunting skills come from the use of echolocation. Its leafnose is used to release ultrasonic shouts to distinguish its surroundings. Echolocation is also used to distinguish other species based on their wingbeat and size. [4] The habitat of this bat decides the color of its fur. Bleaching fumes of a cave environment will cause an orange colored fur. Those who inhabit a well-ventilated roost will be a light brown color. [5]

Contents

Taxonomy

It was described as a new species in 1834 by Dutch zoologist Coenraad Jacob Temminck. Temminck placed it in the genus Rhinolophus with a binomial of R. bicolor. [6] The bicolored leafnose bat has four subspecies: Hipposideros bicolor atrox, Hipposideros bicolor major, Hipposideros bicolor bicolor and Hipposideros bicolor erigens. [5]

Biology

In West Malaysia, researchers have found two different groups of bicolored roundleaf bats. These seemingly identical groups are distinguished by their size and echolocation frequency. The first group has a more rounded wingtip due to its smaller weight and shorter wider wing. It also has an echolocation call between 127.0 and 134.4 kilohertz. The second group has a smaller tibia length but weighs more with larger wings. Their echolocation call ranges from 138.0 to 144.0 kilohertz. Researchers conclude that the first group's body composition may be more suited for better flight agility and hunting in cluttered spaces. [4]

Range

The bicolored roundleaf bat is found in Southeast Asia where its range includes Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, [2] the Philippines, Thailand, and Timor-Leste. It has been documented at elevations up to 600 m (2,000 ft) above sea level. [1] Hipposideros bicolor atrox is documented in southern Thailand to Sumatra. Hipposideros bicolor major located in Enggano Islands and Nias. Hipposideros bicolor bicolor inhabits in Java stretching to the Lesser Sunda Islands and Borneo. Hipposideros bicolor erigens lives solely in the Philippines. [5]

Habitat

Roosting in groups of up to 150 bats, the bicolored leafnose bat must have darkness and high humidity. They are known to roost in environments that have a constant temperature several degrees cooler than the surrounding areas. [4] Though they prefer to live in forest, they will not dwell in an area that has been disturbed or diminished by humans. [5]

Threats and conservation

As of 2020, it is evaluated as a least-concern species by the IUCN —its lowest conservation priority. It meets the criteria for this classification because it has a wide geographic range; its range includes protected areas; and it is considered locally common. [1] Despite its wide geographic range, the bicolored leafnose bat is extremely sensitive to habitat loss via deforestation. Deforestation is rapidly growing due to increased demand for residential development and agricultural land for oil palm. [4] Palm oil is derived from the oil palm and is used in detergent, lipstick and margarine. Palm oil is exported primarily by Malaysia and Indonesia producing 88 percent of the world's supply. [5] WWF has led collaboration with other large retailers of palm oil to agree to only use land that has not been subjected to deforestation. [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Hipposideros</i> Genus of bats

Hipposideros is one of the most diverse genera of bats, with more than 70 species. They are collectively called roundleaf bats after the shape of their nasal ornament. It is the type genus of the family Hipposideridae. It is divided into species groups based on morphology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The Indian roundleaf bat, also known as the large Ceylon leaf-nosed bat or Kelaart's leaf‐nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is endemic to the Indian subcontinent, with marginal populations also detected in Southeast Asia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and caves. The bat has three subspecies that occur in India, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar. The Indian subspecies, H. l. indus, is smaller than the ones found in Sri Lanka and Myanmar, although there are no other characteristics that differentiate the subspecies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is a very small bat which has long and soft fur. The fur coloration is brown to blackish on the dorsal surface and ashy on the ventral surface. It can be distinguished from the other roundleaf bats by its small size and the absence of the tail. It is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Great roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The great roundleaf bat, also known as the great Himalayan leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and China. It gives birth to two young a year. It has been assessed as a least concern species by the IUCN.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fawn leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The fawn leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vanuatu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diadem leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The diadem leaf-nosed bat or diadem roundleaf bat is one of the most widespread species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is probably most closely related to Hipposideros demissus from Makira and to Hipposideros inornatus from the Northern Territory in Australia. Hipposideros diadema is found in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Borneo roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The Borneo roundleaf bat or Bornean leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found in Borneo, Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Hipposideros sabanus is a synonym of this species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hill's roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

Hill's roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae endemic to Papua New Guinea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kolar leaf-nosed bat</span> Endanged species of bat found in India

The Kolar leaf-nosed bat, or leafletted leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is endemic to India. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and caves. It is found in only one cave in India, and its population is less than 200 individuals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Big-eared roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The big-eared roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is endemic to Indonesia, known from Kangean Islands, southwestern Sulawesi and Seram Island. It roosts in caves and tree hollows and probably forages in woodland. It is threatened by habitat loss through logging and other human activities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Noack's roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

Noack's roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found throughout tropical Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, and caves and other subterranean habitats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sumba roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The Sumba roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It lives in Indonesia and East Timor. It is present on the islands of Sumba, Rote, Sumbawa, Flores, Semau, and Savu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lamotte's roundleaf bat</span> Species of mammal

Lamotte's roundleaf bat is a species of bat found only at Mount Nimba on the border of Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea and Liberia. It is critically endangered.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The orbiculus leaf-nosed bat, also known as the orbiculus roundleaf bat and small disc roundleaf bat, is a species of bat from the family Hipposideridae. The species has been found on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia and on peninsular Malaysia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phou Khao Khouay leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The Phou Khao Khouay leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat found in Laos and Vietnam. It was described as a new species in 2006. It is considered vulnerable to extinction by the IUCN.

<i>Hipposideros atrox</i> Species of bat

Hipposideros atrox, commonly known as the lesser bicolored leaf-nosed bat, is a species of bat found in Southeast Asia. Originally described as a subspecies in 1918, it was recognized as a full species in 2010. It uses echolocation to navigate and find prey, and roosts in caves during the day.

<i>Hipposideros pendleburyi</i> Species of bat

Pendlebury's roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It was previously considered a subspecies of H. turpis, but has now been raised to full species level. It is endemic to Thailand and is found in limestone karst areas.

Hipposideros gentilis, commonly known as Andersen's leaf-nosed bat or Andersen's roundleaf bat, is a species of roundleaf bat found in Asia.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Khan, F.A.A.; Rajasegaran, P.; Shazali, N. (2020). "Hipposideros bicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T80258800A22095301. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T80258800A22095301.en . Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 Leong, T.M.; Lim, K.K.P. "NOTEWORTHY MICROCHIROPTERAN RECORDS FROM THE BUKIT TIMAH AND CENTRAL CATCHMENT NATURE RESERVES, SINGAPORE" (PDF). Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum. National University of Singapore 2009. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  3. 1 2 Baker, Nick. "Bicoloured Roundleaf Bat". Ecology Asia. Ecology Asia 2018.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Bates, Paul; Douangbubpha, Bounsavane. "Dr". Wildscreen Arkive. Archived from the original on 2 January 2011. Retrieved 20 October 2018.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 "Hipposideros bicolor — Overview Bicolored Roundleaf Bat". Encyclopedia of Life. EOL. Retrieved 20 October 2018.
  6. ↑ Temminck, C. J. (1834). "Over een geslachk der vleugelhandige zoogdieren". Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie. 1: 19.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.